Genetic Variability and Changes of Elemental Concentrations in Cells of Tetrix tenuicornis (Orthoptera: Tetrigidae) from Polluted and Unpolluted Areas

Abstract

GRZYWACZ B., WARCHA£OWSKA-LIWA E, BANACH Z., PYZA E. 2012. Genetic variability and changes of elemental concentrations in cells of Tetrix tenuicornis (Orthoptera: Tetrigidae) from polluted and unpolluted areas. Folia biologica (Kraków) $: 17-25.Genetic variability between populations of the orthopteran insect Tetrix tenuicornis, collected from six locations in Poland, was assayed by using the random amplified polymorphic DNA-polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR) method. The results show that insects in a population from metal polluted areas in Boles³aw have reduced genetic variability in contrast to five other populations located in unpolluted areas. The insects from polluted sites also showed significant changes in elemental concentrations in nerve and muscle cells, measured by X-ray spectroscopy, when compared to insects of the same species collected from unpolluted sites.

Limited genetic variability and spatial population structure in grasshoppers between natural and metal-contaminated areas in Egypt

“…It has been documented that populations exposed to heavy metal pollution can exhibit varying responses, leading to either an increase or decrease in their genetic variation. An illustrative case can be found in the long-horned groundhopper, Tetrix tenuicornis (Sahlberg) (Orthoptera: Tetrigidae), where individuals collected from metal-polluted regions in Boleslaw, Poland, displayed reduced genetic variability compared to populations from unpolluted areas ( Grzywacz et al 2012 ). Conversely, in a study by Giska et al (2015) , the highest genetic diversity was observed in the rove beetle, Staphylinus erythropterus Linnaeus (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae), populations inhabiting a heavily metal-polluted site in southern Poland.…”

“…Mutations that impede primer binding or otherwise interfere with the amplification process can reveal this variation when using the RAPD technique ( Butovskaia et al 2009 ). By evaluating DNA polymorphism, researchers can identify population genetic responses to toxicant exposure ( Grzywacz et al 2012 , Babu et al 2013 ). Therefore, the RAPD analysis employed in this study has the potential to detect genetic changes in A. thalassinus related to adaptation and response to pollution and contamination in their habitats.…”

“…Various forms of pollution can significantly alter the genetic composition of populations and influence genetic variation through 4 primary mechanisms: (i) increased mutation rates; (ii) directional selection favoring tolerant genotypes; (iii) genetic bottlenecks; and (iv) altered migration patterns ( Mussali-Galante et al 2014 ). Numerous studies have examined contaminant exposure effects on the genetics of both terrestrial ( Grzywacz et al 2012 , Giska et al 2015 , Renault et al 2023 ) and aquatic ( Gouin et al 2019 , 2023 , Švara et al 2022 ) populations. In addition to toxicants, natural phenomena like mutations, selection, stochastic processes, and migration can modify the genetic variability of populations ( Mussali-Galante et al 2014 ).…”

“…Comparing genotypes of the same species from polluted and unpolluted sites can reveal altered gene frequencies with physiological or ecological implications ( Grzywacz et al 2012 ). Advances in techniques directly revealing genetic variation at the DNA level have enabled exploring relationships between genetics and ecotoxicology for risk assessment ( Williams et al 1990 , Babu et al 2013 , da Silva et al 2023 ).…”

Molecular identification of three species of Oncideres (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) using RAPD markers

“…This molecular marker has an advantage of the possibility of using a different set of primers and choosing the best for each analysis as different sets of primers often produce different banding patterns that can be used in a variety of studies (Yulin et al 1998, grutzmacher et al 2007, Johnson et al 2008, Zahoor et al 2013, Coelho-Bortolo et al 2016, Preet and gupta 2017. Therefore, these markers have several entomological applications, for example, in forensic entomology, breeding programs, taxonomic identification of pests of agronomic interests, detection of genetic variation among populations, as well as, in the identification of closely related species (Grzywacz et al 2012, ercan et al 2012, Sivasankaran et al 2013, Matta et al 2013, Sunitha et al 2015, Singh et al 2016, Haghighi and Kumar 2017, Queiroz et al 2017, Sharma and Singh 2017. With regard to species identification, the analysis of electrophoretic profiles has been used in other groups of insects, with satisfactory results (Yulin et al 1998, 1999, Johnson et al 2008, Sivasankaran et al 2013, Zahoor et al 2013, Bajpai 2016a.…”