Genetic toxicology of a paradoxical human carcinogen, arsenic: a review

Basu, Arindam; Mahata, Julie; Gupta, S; Giri, Ashok K.

doi:10.1016/s1383-5742(01)00056-4

Cited by 265 publications

(145 citation statements)

References 157 publications

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“…Epidemiological studies reveal that chronic human exposure to As may be associated with peripheral artery disease, cardiovascular effects, diabetes mellitus, various cancers and adverse reproductive effects (WHO, 2001). There is also evidence that As compounds are genotoxic (Basu et al, 2001;Gebel, 2001). As-associated cancer has been observed in populations highly exposed to As occupationally, medically or through contaminated drinking water (WHO, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of arsenic levels in fingernails with urinary As species as biomarkers of arsenic exposure in residents living close to a coal-burning power plant in Prievidza District, Slovakia

Wilhelm

Pesch

Wittsiepe

et al. 2004

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

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The associations between As levels in fingernails with both As concentrations in urine and environmental samples are reported. The participants (aged 20-80 years, mean 66 years) lived in the vicinity of a coal-burning power plant with high As emissions in the Prievidza District, Slovakia. Samples were taken in 1999 and 2000. The As levels in fingernails (n ¼ 524) were measured after washing and digestion with microwave heating by hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry. The spot urine samples (n ¼ 436) were speciated for inorganic As (As inorg ), monomethylarsonic (MMA) and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) by hydride-cryogenic trap-atomic absorption spectrometry. The geometric mean As level in fingernails was 0.10 mg/g (range, o0.01-2.94 mg/g). There was a clear association between As in fingernails and the distance of the home to the power plant (Po0.001). Geometric mean As levels were: 0.17 mg/g distance r5 km, 0.10 mg/g 6-10 km and 0.08 mg/g 4 10 km. The association between the distance to the power plant and total urinary As (As sum ) (n ¼ 436, no fish consumption during the last 3 days before sample collection) was less pronounced (P ¼ 0.018). The As levels in fingernails were positively correlated to As in soil (n ¼ 207, r ¼ 0.23, Po0.001) and to As in house dust (n ¼ 209, r ¼ 0.30, Po0.001). The associations between urinary As sum and As concentrations in soil (n ¼ 159, r ¼ 0.13, Po0.105) and in house dust (n ¼ 162, r ¼ 0.14, Po0.081) were quite similar. As levels in fingernails were associated with urinary As sum and with the different As species in urine. It is concluded that As levels in fingernails are a reliable marker of environmental As exposure, and that As concentrations in fingernails reflect the As exposure in a similar manner compared with urinary As sum and As species.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of arsenic levels in fingernails with urinary As species as biomarkers of arsenic exposure in residents living close to a coal-burning power plant in Prievidza District, Slovakia

Wilhelm

Pesch

Wittsiepe

et al. 2004

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

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“…Short-term assays indicate that arsenic does not induce point mutations, but rather acts as a clastogen, inducing the CA and MN in animal and human systems. 13 Thus, arsenic is an ideal genotoxicant to be evaluated using both CA and MN assays. In 2002, we first reported an elevated frequency of MN in lymphocytes, oral mucosal cells and urothelial cells of individuals with arsenic-induced skin lesions inhabiting different arsenic-affected districts of West Bengal.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Studies on populations from different parts of the world exposed to com-parable levels of arsenic in drinking water also show varying degree of individual susceptibility to arsenic-induced genetic damage, metabolism, methylation capacity and other health effects. 13,[18][19][20] Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) constitute a superfamily of ubiquitous, multifunctional enzymes, which play a key role in cellular detoxification. 21 The GSTs catalyze the conjugation of xenobiotics and endogenous substances with glutathione (GSH), a tripeptide consisting of glycine, glutamic acid and cystine, and thereby plays a significant role in the inactivation and occasional activation of many electrophilic substances.…”

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confidence: 99%

Cytogenetic damage and genetic variants in the individuals susceptible to arsenic‐induced cancer through drinking water

Ghosh

Basu

Mahata

et al. 2006

Intl Journal of Cancer

112

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In West Bengal, India, more than 300,000 arsenic-exposed people are showing symptoms of arsenic toxicity, which include cancers of skin and different internal organs. Since only 15-20% of the exposed population manifest arsenic-induced skin lesions, it is thought that genetic variation might play an important role in arsenic toxicity and carcinogenicity. A total of 422 unrelated arsenic-exposed subjects (244 skin-symptomatic and 178 asymptomatic) were recruited for this study. Cytogenetic damage, as measured by chromosomal aberrations in lymphocytes and micronuclei formation in oral mucosa cells, urothelial cells and binucleated lymphocytes, was studied in unexposed, skin-symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals with similar socioeconomic status. Identification of null mutations in GSTT1 and GSTM1 genes were carried out by PCR amplification. GSTP1 SNPs, implicated in susceptibility to various cancers, were assessed by PCR-RFLP method. Symptomatic individuals had higher level of cytogenetic damage compared to asymptomatic individuals and asymptomatic individuals had significantly higher genotoxicity than unexposed individuals. No difference in allelic variants in GSTT1 and GSTP1 was observed between these 2 groups. Incidence of GSTM1 null gene frequencies was significantly higher in the asymptomatic group. Individuals with GSTM1-positive (at least one allele) had significantly higher risk of arsenic-induced skin lesions (odds ratio, 1.73; 95% confidence interval, 1.24-2.22). These results show a protective role of GSTM1 null in arsenic toxicity. This study also indicates that asymptomatic individuals are sub clinically affected and are also significantly susceptible to arsenicinduced genotoxicity. ' 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

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“…Generally, MMA V and DMA V are less toxic than inorganic arsenite (iAs III ) and arsenate (iAs V ) [4]. However, their trivalent analogs, MMA III and DMA III , are more reactive and toxic by inducing or enhancing DNA damage [5][6][7][8], causing cell death [9][10][11], inhibiting cellular enzymes [8,[12][13][14][15], and causing oxidative stress [16][17][18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzymatic digestion and chromatographic analysis of arsenic species released from proteins

Lü

Wang

et al. 2009

Journal of Chromatography A

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a b s t r a c tA method combining gel filtration chromatography (GFC), protease digestion, and ion pair chromatography with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry detection was developed for the determination of arsenic species bound to proteins. The method was first established by examining the interactions of two model proteins, metallothionein (MT) and hemoglobin, with three reactive trivalent arsenic species. It was then successfully applied to the speciation of arsenic in red blood cells of rats. Inorganic arsenite (iAs III ), monomethylarsonous acid (MMA III ), and dimethylarsinous acid (DMA III ) were efficiently released from the proteins by protease digestion at pH 8.0, with the recovery ranging from 93% to 106%. There was no oxidation of iAs III or MMA III during the protease digestion process. Up to 61% DMA III (the least stable arsenic species) was unchanged, and the rest was oxidized to the pentavalent dimethylarsinic acid (DMA V ). The arsenic species in the red blood cells of control rats was present as DMA III complex with hemoglobin. The method enabling the determination of the specific arsenic species that bind to cellular proteins is potentially useful for studying arsenic distribution, metabolism, and toxicity.

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Genetic toxicology of a paradoxical human carcinogen, arsenic: a review

Cited by 265 publications

References 157 publications

Comparison of arsenic levels in fingernails with urinary As species as biomarkers of arsenic exposure in residents living close to a coal-burning power plant in Prievidza District, Slovakia

Comparison of arsenic levels in fingernails with urinary As species as biomarkers of arsenic exposure in residents living close to a coal-burning power plant in Prievidza District, Slovakia

Cytogenetic damage and genetic variants in the individuals susceptible to arsenic‐induced cancer through drinking water

Enzymatic digestion and chromatographic analysis of arsenic species released from proteins

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