Genetic susceptibility testing for chronic disease and intention for behavior change in healthy young adults

Vassy, Jason L.; Donelan, Karen; Hivert, Marie‐France; Green, Robert C.; Grant, Richard W.

doi:10.1007/s12687-013-0140-6

Cited by 19 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…30 Only a few studies to date have focused on the impact of genetic testing on actual lifestyle risk behavior. Vassy et al 31 studied participants' intentions after presenting them with hypothetical scenarios about genetic testing for heart disease, type 2 diabetes, and stroke; those with a high risk of type 2 diabetes were found to be more motivated to make changes in exercise levels and diet than the other patients. O'Neill et al 32 studied diet and physical activity in 46 BRCA1/2 carriers and 23 definite noncarriers, without looking at their smoking habits.…”

Section: Original Research Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Cigarette smoking in women after BRCA1/2 genetic test disclosure: a 5-year follow-up study of the GENEPSO PS cohort

Julian‐Reynier

Resseguier

Bouhnik

et al. 2015

Genetics in Medicine

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Original research article introductionThe benefits of giving up smoking have been constantly stressed, especially in the case of women, among whom smoking rates have been increasing.1 Two-thirds of all deaths of women smokers in the United Kingdom are caused by smoking in their 50s, 60s, and 70s, 1 and the figures are likely to be similar in other industrialized countries.2 Breast cancer was recently included among the 30 most common specific causes of death among smokers, 1 and it is emerging that smoking before first childbirth may also be one of the specific risk factors involved.3 Breast cancer is by far the most frequent form of cancer occurring among women-it accounts for 23% of all cases of cancer in womenand ranks second overall (10.9% of all cases of cancer in both sexes combined).2 In female BRCA1/2 carriers, smoking may increase the risk of breast cancer, especially when the mutations are located in specific sites. [4][5][6] Several authors have studied the effects of the disclosure of BRCA1/2 genetic test results on specific strategies for preventing breast/ovarian cancer, such as breast cancer screening and prophylactic surgery. 7-9 Although women's screening practices have been found to correlate with their families' history of breast cancer, the lifestyle risk factors seem to be similar to those of women with no family history of cancer.10,11 Little information is available about the lifestyle habits of BRCA1/2 carriers after the disclosure of genetic test results. Preliminary findings have shown that women applying for genetic testing may have better health-related practices than members of the general population. 12The aim of this prospective study was to measure the smoking habits of cancer-free women who applied for genetic testing because a BRCA1/2 mutation had been identified in their family and to identify the potential determinants of any changes in their smoking rates over time, such as their medical, genetic, sociodemographic, and psychological characteristics. To our knowledge, no previous studies have focused on this issue. MAtEriALS And MEtHodS Study population and study sampleIn the framework of the ongoing French national Gene Etude Prospective Sein Ovaire (GENEPSO) project, managed by the French Cancer Genetic Network, cancer-free BRCA1/2 mutation carriers were recruited in a routine consultation context at Purpose: This study aimed to measure patients' smoking patterns for 5 years after BRCA1/2 test result disclosure. Methods:A national cohort consisting of 621 French cancer-free women from families with BRCA1/2 mutations (mean age (SD): 40.5 years (11.5 years)) were included from December 1999 to January 2006, before disclosure of genetic test results, and followed for 5 years. They completed self-administered questionnaires about their cigarette smoking behaviors before receiving their test results (baseline) and 6, 12, 24, and 60 months after disclosure. Multivariate statistical analyses of the changes in participants' smoking behaviors were performed using a zero-inflated Pois...

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Section: Original Research Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Cigarette smoking in women after BRCA1/2 genetic test disclosure: a 5-year follow-up study of the GENEPSO PS cohort

Julian‐Reynier

Resseguier

Bouhnik

et al. 2015

Genetics in Medicine

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“…Indeed, some patients have reported that they would be more motivated to change behaviours to prevent T2DM if they learned that they were at increased genetic risk. 9,45–46 …”

Section: Prevention Of T2dmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Susceptibility to type 2 diabetes mellitus—from genes to prevention

2014

Self Cite

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Knowledge of the genetics of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has evolved tremendously over the past few years. Following advances in technology and analytical approaches, collaborative case–control genome-wide association studies have revealed up to 65 loci credibly associated with T2DM. Prospective population studies have demonstrated that aggregated genetic risk scores, so-called because they sum the genetic risk attributed to each locus, can predict incident T2DM among individuals of various age ranges and diverse ethnic backgrounds. With each set of T2DM loci discovered, increasing the number of loci in these scores has improved their predictive ability, although a prediction plateau may already have been reached. The current literature shows that intensive lifestyle interventions are effective for preventing T2DM at any level of genetic risk and might be particularly efficacious among individuals with high genetic susceptibility. By contrast, counselling to inform patients about their personal T2DM genetic risk profiles does not seem to improve motivation or attitudes that lead to positive lifestyle behaviour changes. Future studies should investigate the role of genetics for both T2DM prediction and prevention in young populations in the hope of reducing disease burden for future generations.

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“… 41 , 42 Nonetheless, incorporating genetic information into T2D risk counseling has shown some suggestion of clinical utility. Early research into the utility of T2D genetic risk information has reportedly increased patient intentions to change behaviors, 15 , 16 enhanced reported motivation for behavior change, 43 – 45 and led to small but not significant changes in actual behavior (dietary intake) 16 and clinically relevant changes in clinical outcomes such as weight. 15 , 16 To further test the possibility that genetic risk information may have clinical utility in effecting behavior change, we selected three T2D-related risk markers that have been highly validated in multiple ethnic groups (rs7903146, rs1801282, rs5219) to incorporate into patient feedback on risk.…”

Section: Risk Assessment Toolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Coaching and Genomics—-Potential Avenues to Elicit Behavior Change in those at Risk for Chronic Disease: Protocol for Personalized Medicine Effectiveness Study in Air Force Primary Care

Vorderstrasse

Ginsburg²,

Kraus

et al. 2013

Glob Adv Health Med

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Background:Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and coronary heart disease (CHD) are prevalent chronic diseases from which military personnel are not exempt. While many genetic markers for these diseases have been identified, the clinical utility of genetic risk testing for multifactorial diseases such as these has not been established. The need for a behavioral intervention such as health coaching following a risk counseling intervention for T2D or CHD also has not been explored. Here we present the rationale, design, and protocol for evaluating the clinical utility of genetic risk testing and health coaching for active duty US Air Force (AF) retirees and beneficiaries.Primary Study Objectives:Determine the direct and interactive effects of health coaching and providing genetic risk information when added to standard risk counseling for CHD and T2D on health behaviors and clinical risk markers.Design:Four-group (2 X 2 factorial) randomized controlled trial.Setting:Two AF primary care clinical settings on the west coast of the United States.Participants:Adult AF primary care patients.Intervention:All participants will have a risk counseling visit with a clinic provider to discuss personal risk factors for T2D and CHD. Half of the participants (two groups) will also learn of their genetic risk testing results for T2D and CHD in this risk counseling session. Participants randomized to the two groups receiving health coaching will then receive telephonic health coaching over 6 months.Main Outcome Measures:Behavioral measures (self-reported dietary intake, physical activity, smoking cessation, medication adherence); clinical outcomes (AF composite fitness scores, weight, waist circumference, blood pressure, fasting glucose, lipids, T2D/CHD risk scores) and psychosocial measures (self-efficacy, worry, perceived risk) will be collected at baseline and 6 weeks, and 3, 6, and 12 months.Conclusion:This study tests novel strategies deployed within existing AF primary care to increase adherence to evidence-based diet, physical activity, smoking cessation, and medication recommendations for CHD and T2D risk reduction through methods of patient engagement and self-management support.

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Genetic susceptibility testing for chronic disease and intention for behavior change in healthy young adults

Cited by 19 publications

References 43 publications

Cigarette smoking in women after BRCA1/2 genetic test disclosure: a 5-year follow-up study of the GENEPSO PS cohort

Cigarette smoking in women after BRCA1/2 genetic test disclosure: a 5-year follow-up study of the GENEPSO PS cohort

Susceptibility to type 2 diabetes mellitus—from genes to prevention

Health Coaching and Genomics—-Potential Avenues to Elicit Behavior Change in those at Risk for Chronic Disease: Protocol for Personalized Medicine Effectiveness Study in Air Force Primary Care

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