Genetic structure of wild sweet chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) populations in northwest of Spain and their differences with other European stands

Fernández-Cruz, J.; Fernández-López, J.

doi:10.1007/s10592-016-0835-4

Cited by 26 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…That work showed that the genetic structure of 91 walnut populations in Eurasia separated into two main clusters, Western Europe (Italy, Spain, France, Slovakia and Hungary) and Eastern Europe and Asia (Romania, Greece, Turkey, Iran and the Himalayas). Similar results were found for sweet chestnut, with a strong differentiation between trees from the Northern Iberian Peninsula, and Central and Southern Iberian Peninsula, as well as in natural populations [ 52 ], and among European cultivars [ 53 , 54 ]. All walnut accessions in the ‘admixed group’ are known hybrids.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Analysis of genetic diversity and structure in a worldwide walnut (Juglans regia L.) germplasm using SSR markers

Bernard¹,

Barreneche²,

Lheureux³

et al. 2018

PLoS ONE

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Persian or English walnut (Juglans regia L.), the walnut species cultivated for nut production, is one of the oldest food sources known and is grown worldwide in temperate areas. France is the 7th leading producer as of 2016 with 39 kt. Deciphering walnut genetic diversity and structure is important for efficient management and use of genetic resources. In this work, 253 worldwide accessions from the INRA walnut germplasm collection, containing English walnut and several related species, were genotyped using 13 SSR (Single Sequence Repeat) markers selected from the literature to assess diversity and structure. Genetic diversity parameters showed a deficiency of heterozygotes and, for several SSRs, allele-specificities among the accessions tested. Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) showed the 253 accessions clustered in largely in agreement with the existing botanical classification of the genus. Among the 217 J. regia accessions, two main clusters, accessions from Eastern Europe and Asia, and accessions from Western Europe and America, were identified using STRUCTURE software. This was confirmed by Principal Coordinate Analysis and supported by Neighbor-Joining tree construction using DARwin software. Moreover, a substructure was found within the two clusters, mainly according to geographical origin. A core collection containing 50 accessions was selected using the maximum length sub-tree method and prior knowledge about their phenotype. The present study constitutes a preliminary population genetics overview of INRA walnut genetic resources collection using SSR markers. The resulting estimations of genetic diversity and structure are useful for germplasm management and for future walnut breeding programs.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Analysis of genetic diversity and structure in a worldwide walnut (Juglans regia L.) germplasm using SSR markers

Bernard¹,

Barreneche²,

Lheureux³

et al. 2018

PLoS ONE

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“…The most relevant potential refugia identified in this study include ( Fig. 3A; from west to east): i) the Cantabrian coast of Spain and nearby areas (in agreement with Mattioni et al 2013;Fernández-Cruz and Fernández-López 2016;Benito-Garzón et al 2006) and Western Iberia (middle zone of Tagus River valley, in agreement with Martin-Arroyo 1998); ii) southern France and the French Alps (Uzquiano 1992;Nakagawa 1998); iii) central and northern Italian Peninsula (Lowe et al 1996;Paranelli and Miola 1991;Kaltenrieder et al 2009;Mattioni et al 2013); and iv) the Anatolian Peninsula, especially the Marmara Sea (Caner and Algan 2002) and the southern coast of the Black Sea (Euxinian biogeographic region). In contrast, some areas modelled as climatically suitable were not considered as glacial refugia in previous works, for example north-eastern Spain, an Atlantic corridor from north-western to south-western Spain, the northern half of France or southern Britain, and different islands in the Western Mediterranean Sea.…”

Section: Distribution Of Castanea Sativa In the Lgm And The Mid-holocenementioning

confidence: 52%

Glacial refugia and mid-Holocene expansion delineate the current distribution of Castanea sativa in Europe

Roces‐Díaz

Jíménez-Alfaro

Chytrý

et al. 2018

Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology

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Areas of Quaternary refugia for tree species have been mainly delineated based on fossil records and phylogeography, but niche modelling can provide useful complementary information. Here we use niche modelling to test the main hypotheses about the past distribution of Castanea sativa for the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and the mid-Holocene in Europe. We computed distribution models for current climatic conditions using different methods, and projected them onto three climatic scenarios for the LGM and the mid-Holocene. The projections were validated with pollen and charcoal records. LGM refugia were suggested in the north of the Iberian, Italian and Balkan Peninsulas, and in northern Anatolia. The projections for the mid-Holocene indicated high climatic suitability and geographic expansion of the species range across southern Europe, including some areas where the species is nowadays considered as non-native. In general, our niche modelling results are consistent with the patterns proposed based on pollen and charcoal records, and partially also on phylogeographic information inferred from genetic data, suggesting that the most suitable areas for C. sativa were extended significantly during the mid-Holocene, but declined afterwards and lost connectivity. The projected patterns were compatible with existing palaeobotanical records of C. sativa and provide a spatially-explicit picture of its past distribution during last 22,000 years.

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“…In its distribution area, this species is present as high-forest, simple coppices, coppices with standards and grafted orchards. The widespread use of grafted varieties could have had a strong impact on the genetic structure of wild populations [37, 38].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…sativa , defined through several studies using different genetic markers, the general conclusion is that populations of this species are distributed in three main clusters: eastern and central Turkey, western Turkey and Greece, and a European cluster from Italy and the Iberian Peninsula [39, 40]. In the Iberian Peninsula, populations have been divided into Western Mediterranean and Northern Iberian Peninsula gene pools, with the latter subdivided into Cantabrian and Atlantic Galician groups including mainly coastal populations [38, 41, 42]. The Northern Iberian groups could be explained by several refugia formed in this area during the Quaternary [43].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mediterranean and Northern Iberian gene pools of wild Castanea sativa Mill. are two differentiated ecotypes originated under natural divergent selection

2019

Self Cite

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Nine wild Iberian provenances of Castanea sativa Mill. grouped in two gene pools, North Iberian Peninsula and Mediterranean, were evaluated for several adaptive traits in two provenance–progeny trials with the aim of evaluating the role of natural selection in shaping adaptive variation and increasing our understanding of the genetic structure of this species, as well as reporting complete information on the genetic variation among and within the studied populations. An annual growth rhythm experiment was evaluated during the first 3 years after establishment for phenology, growth, stem form and survival, and a periodic drought-stress experiment was evaluated for dry weight, growth, survival and other related drought traits in both well-watered and drought-stress treatments. The high genetic variability reported in both trials is largely due to the genetic variation among populations. The significant differences reported between quantitative genetic and neutral marker differentiation indicated the local adaptation of these populations through directional selection, mainly for phenology, growth and biomass allocation. A clinal variation among populations was determined through correlations of phenology with latitude and xerothermic index of the provenances, showing that central and southern Mediterranean populations had earlier phenology than northern populations and that drought played a relevant role in this differentiation. The significant correlation between phenological traits and the ancestry values in the Mediterranean gene pool supported the different pattern of behavior between both gene pools and also indicated the existence of two ecotypes: xeric and mesophytic ecotypes, corresponding to Mediterranean and North Iberian gene pools, respectively. The results obtained in the drought-stress experiment confirmed that, in general terms, xeric populations showed a greater adaptability to drought, with more developed root systems and higher survival than northern populations. Moreover, the genetic variability observed within populations indicated the potential response capacity of Iberian C . sativa populations to undergo fast adaptive evolution.

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Genetic structure of wild sweet chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) populations in northwest of Spain and their differences with other European stands

Cited by 26 publications

References 54 publications

Analysis of genetic diversity and structure in a worldwide walnut (Juglans regia L.) germplasm using SSR markers

Analysis of genetic diversity and structure in a worldwide walnut (Juglans regia L.) germplasm using SSR markers

Glacial refugia and mid-Holocene expansion delineate the current distribution of Castanea sativa in Europe

Mediterranean and Northern Iberian gene pools of wild Castanea sativa Mill. are two differentiated ecotypes originated under natural divergent selection

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