Genetic structure of the poplar rust fungus Melampsora larici-populina: Evidence for isolation by distance in Europe and recent founder effects overseas

Barrès, Benoît; Halkett, Fabien; Dutech, Cyril; Andrieux, Axelle; Pinon, Jean; Frey, Pascal

doi:10.1016/j.meegid.2008.04.005

Cited by 76 publications

(112 citation statements)

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“…As a result, we confirmed the presence of virulence 2, 3, 4, 5 and 7, as previously reported (Barrès et al 2008, Benetka et al 2011). Virulence 1, 6, and 8 were not identified.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…All virulence types have been observed in western Europe, although in central Europe, the main types to date have been virulence 3 and 4, and to a lesser extent types 2 and 5 (Barrès et al 2008). The geographic distribution of types is likely due to the cultivation of different cultivars compared to those grown in western Europe.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…MLP is distributed throughout the whole Eurasian continent and its range is supposed to encompass that of the natural host P. nigra (Barrès et al 2008). MLP is a leaf rust fungus with a heteroecious macrocyclic lifestyle, where the life cycle is dependent on two different host species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These wind-borne spores then infect poplar leaves in spring and summer and produce another sporulation structure called the uredinium, which corresponds to the familiar orange pustule formed on the abaxial epidermis of infected mature poplar leaves. Large numbers of urediniospores are released from these uredinia during spring and summer and disperse over very large distances (Barrès et al 2008). In autumn, teliospores are formed once again in the black telia pustules found on infected leaves (Hacquard et al 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Variation in resistance to the rust fungus Melampsora larici-populina Kleb. in Populus nigra L. in the Czech Republic

Štochlová¹,

Novotná²,

Benetka³

2016

iForest

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Differences in Populus nigra L. clone resistance to the rust fungus Melampsora larici-populina Kleb. (MLP) were studied in field trials where infected trees were compared with fungicide-protected trees. MLP rust infections were assessed using a 6-point scale. Four parameters of poplar growth were also measured to gauge host response to infection: shoot thickness, shoot number at the end of the growing season, individual plant dry weight, and dry matter yield per unit area. Five of eight known pathogen virulence types were detected. Cumulative growth in shoot thickness in sprayed and unsprayed plots was similar in clones with high rust pathogen resistance, but significantly different in clones with low resistance. Clones with low resistance also exhibited delayed growth initiation in the year following infection, an effect attributed to lower food storage accumulated during the previous year, reflected in a reduction in stem diameter. Based on stem thickness measurements, it was confirmed growth ceased at the end of August. Average rust severity symptoms ranged from 2.75 to 4.22 on the 6-point scale. The percentage reduction for the various growth parameters resulting from rust infection ranged as follows: individual plant dry weight 5-64%; dry matter yield 21-66%; shoot number 17-46%; and stem diameter 1-35%. Exclusive of stem diameter, these reductions correlated with severity in MLP rust infection. The one exception was tolerance to rust infection displayed by one of the clones. Clones with the lowest growth reductions were 97/152 and 97/157. Growth and yield parameter variation as a result MLP resistance difference was observed among tested P. nigra clones. This variation can be viewed as confirmation that resistance observed in this study and P. nigra clones is a suite of quantitative traits. These findings have important implications for MLP resistance breeding programs.

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“…As a result, we confirmed the presence of virulence 2, 3, 4, 5 and 7, as previously reported (Barrès et al 2008, Benetka et al 2011). Virulence 1, 6, and 8 were not identified.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Variation in resistance to the rust fungus Melampsora larici-populina Kleb. in Populus nigra L. in the Czech Republic

Štochlová¹,

Novotná²,

Benetka³

2016

iForest

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“…Although there is increasing attention to the patterns in species genetic diversity across landscapes and distributional ranges (including studies of plant fungal pathogens, e.g. Barrès et al 2008;Baumgartner et al 2010;Dutech et al 2010;King et al 2010;Dale et al 2011;De Simone et al 2011;Tsui et al 2012), there is still little inclusion of such important data in models predicting climate change impacts on plant health, as well as in studies of the land-sparing vs. -sharing issue.…”

Section: Interdisciplinarity Stakeholder Involvement and Trade-offsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of climate change on plant diseases—opinions and trends

et al. 2012

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There has been a remarkable scientific output on the topic of how climate change is likely to affect plant diseases. This overview addresses the need for review of this burgeoning literature by summarizing opinions of previous reviews and trends in recent studies on the impacts of climate change on plant health. Sudden Oak Death is used as an introductory case study: Californian forests could become even more susceptible to this emerging plant disease, if spring precipitations will be accompanied by warmer temperatures, although climate shifts may also affect the current synchronicity between host cambium activity and pathogen colonization rate. A summary of observed and predicted climate changes, as well as of direct effects of climate change on pathosystems, is provided. Prediction and management of climate change effects on plant health are complicated by indirect effects and the interactions with global change drivers. Uncertainty in models of plant disease development under climate change calls for a diversity of management strategies, from more participatory approaches to interdisciplinary science. Involvement of stakeholders and scientists from outside plant pathology shows the importance of trade-offs, for example in the land-sharing vs. sparing debate. Further research is needed on climate change and plant health in mountain, boreal, Mediterranean and tropical regions, with multiple climate change factors and scenarios (including our responses to it, e.g. the assisted migration of plants), in relation to endophytes, viruses and mycorrhiza, using long-term and large-scale datasets and considering various plant disease control methods.Keywords Adaptive ecosystem management . Biotic interactions . Landscape pathology . Phytophthora ramorum . Plant disease epidemiology . Tree fungal pathogens Up to the 1990s, there was little information about climate change impacts on plant disease. For example, Eur J Plant Pathol

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The Population Biology of Fungal Invasions

et al. 2016

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Fungal invasions are increasingly recognized as a significant component of global changes, threatening ecosystem health and damaging food production. Invasive fungi also provide excellent models to evaluate the generality of results based on other eukaryotes. We first consider here the reasons why fungal invasions have long been overlooked: they tend to be inconspicuous, and inappropriate methods have been used for species recognition. We then review the information available on the patterns and mechanisms of fungal invasions. We examine the biological features underlying invasion success of certain fungal species. We review population structure analyses, revealing native source populations and strengths of bottlenecks. We highlight the documented ecological and evolutionary changes in invaded regions, including adaptation to temperature, increased virulence, hybridization, shifts to clonality and association with novel hosts. We discuss how the huge census size of most fungi allows adaptation even in bottlenecked, clonal invaders. We also present new analyses of the invasion of the anther-smut pathogen on white campion in North America, as a case study illustrating how an accurate knowledge of species limits and phylogeography of fungal populations can be used to decipher the origin of invasions. This case study shows that successful invasions can occur even when life history traits are particularly unfavourable to long-distance dispersal and even with a strong bottleneck. We conclude that fungal invasions are valuable models to contribute to our view of biological invasions, in particular by providing insights into the traits as well as ecological and evolutionary processes allowing successful introductions.

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Genetic structure of the poplar rust fungus Melampsora larici-populina: Evidence for isolation by distance in Europe and recent founder effects overseas

Cited by 76 publications

References 70 publications

Variation in resistance to the rust fungus Melampsora larici-populina Kleb. in Populus nigra L. in the Czech Republic

Variation in resistance to the rust fungus Melampsora larici-populina Kleb. in Populus nigra L. in the Czech Republic

Impacts of climate change on plant diseases—opinions and trends

The Population Biology of Fungal Invasions

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