Genetic Structure of<i>Culex erraticus</i>Populations Across the Americas

Mendenhall, Ian H.; Bahl, Justin; Blum, Michael J.; Wesson, Dawn M.

doi:10.1603/me11197

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…For instance, genetic variation among Cx. erraticus from Colombia, Guatemala and nine locations in the USA have been addressed using the ND4 mitochondrial gene and the ITS2 region of rDNA [ 54 ]. The results of analyses revealed two major lineages within the species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular phylogeny of Culex subgenus Melanoconion (Diptera: Culicidae) based on nuclear and mitochondrial protein-coding genes

et al. 2018

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The subgenus Melanoconion of the mosquito genus Culex is taxonomically diverse and is widely distributed in the Neotropical Region, with 10 species occurring in the Nearctic Region. Species of this subgenus pose a taxonomical challenge because morphological identification is based largely on anatomical characters of the male genitalia. We addressed the monophyly of the Spissipes and Melanoconion Sections of the subgenus Melanoconion and some of the informal groups in each section. Our sample taxa included 97 specimens representing 43 species, from which we analysed fragments of two single-copy nuclear genes (CAD, HB) and one mitochondrial gene (COI). Phylogenetic relationships within the subgenus are presented based on results of maximum-likelihood and Bayesian analyses using a multi-locus matrix of DNA sequences. We show a molecular phylogeny of Melanoconion in which both sections were recovered as monophyletic groups. The monophyly of the Atratus and Pilosus groups was confirmed. Within each section, other monophyletic groups were recovered highlighting the potential need for future nomenclature rearrangement. The phylogenetic signal contained in nuclear genes, when analysed together, was more informative than each gene analysed separately, corroborating monophyly of Melanoconion relative to Culex (Culex) species included in the analyses, the Melanoconion and Spissipes Sections and some species groups. Our results provide new information for the classification of the subgenus and additional data that can be used to improve species identification when a more representative taxon sampling is available.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular phylogeny of Culex subgenus Melanoconion (Diptera: Culicidae) based on nuclear and mitochondrial protein-coding genes

et al. 2018

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“…Both viral pathologies (EEE and VEE) can cause severe compromise of the central nervous system and death, both in animals and in humans, with the ability to persist over time due to having multiple vertebrate hosts. Despite all of the above, there are few studies on VEE [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ] and even more on EEE in Colombia [ 19 , 20 ]. The objective of the current study is to characterise the temporal-spatial distribution of EEE and VEE in Colombia between 2008 and 2019.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping Eastern (EEE) and Venezuelan Equine Encephalitides (VEE) among Equines Using Geographical Information Systems, Colombia, 2008–2019

Bonilla-Aldana

Carvajal

Moreno-Ramos

et al. 2023

Viruses

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Introduction: Eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV) and Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) viruses are zoonotic pathogens affecting humans, particularly equines. These neuroarboviruses compromise the central nervous system and can be fatal in different hosts. Both have significantly influenced Colombia; however, few studies analyse its behaviour, and none develop maps using geographic information systems to characterise it. Objective: To describe the temporal-spatial distribution of those viruses in Colombia between 2008 and 2019. Methods: Retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study, based on weekly reports by municipalities of the ICA, of the surveillance of both arboviruses in equines, in Colombia, from 2008 to 2019. The data were converted into databases in Microsoft Access 365®, and multiple epidemiological maps were generated with the Kosmo RC1®3.0 software coupled to shape files of all municipalities in the country. Results: In the study period, 96 cases of EEE and 70 of VEE were reported, with 58% of EEE cases occurring in 2016 and 20% of EEV cases in 2013. The most affected municipalities for EEE corresponded to the department of Casanare: Yopal (20), Aguazul (16), and Tauramena (10). In total, 40 municipalities in the country reported ≥1 case of EEE. Conclusions: The maps allow a quick appreciation of groups of neighbouring municipalities in different departments (1° political division) and regions of the country affected by those viruses, which helps consider the expansion of the disease associated with mobility and transport of equines between other municipalities, also including international borders, such as is the case with Venezuela. In that country, especially for EEV, municipalities in the department of Cesar are bordering and at risk for that arboviral infection. there is a high risk of equine encephalitis outbreaks, especially for VEE. This poses a risk also, for municipalities in the department of Cesar, bordering with Venezuela.

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DNA barcodes and evidence of cryptic diversity of anthropophagous mosquitoes in Quintana Roo, Mexico

Chan-Chablé

Martínez‐Arce

Mis-Ávila³

et al. 2019

Ecology and Evolution

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Culicidae mosquitoes are potential vectors of pathogens that affect human health. The correct species identification, as well as the discovery and description of cryptic species, is important in public health for the control and management of specific vectors. In the present study, the diversity of anthropophagous mosquitoes in Quintana Roo, at the border between Mexico and Belize, was evaluated using morphological and molecular data (COI‐DNA Barcoding). A total of 1,413 adult female specimens were collected, belonging to eight genera and 31 morphospecies. Most species formed well‐supported clades. Intraspecific Kimura 2 parameters (K2P) distance average was 0.75%, and a maximum distance of 4.40% was observed for Anopheles crucians s.l. ABGD method identified 28 entities, while 32 entities were identified with the BIN system. In Culex interrogator and Culex nigripalpus a low interspecific genetic distance of 0.1% was observed. One undescribed species belonging to the genus Aedes ( Aedes n. sp.) was discovered, but no clear genetic divergence was found between this species and the closely related species Aedes angustivittatus . An intraspecific K2P distance greater than 2.7% was observed in Aedes serratus (3.9%), Anopheles crucians s.l. (4.4%), Culex taeniopus (3.7%), Haemagogus equinus (3.9%), Culex erraticus (5.0%), Psorophora ferox (4.5%), and in Anopheles apicimacula (8.10%); therefore, evidences of cryptic diversity are shown in these species. This study showed that DNA barcodes offer a reliable framework for mosquito species identification in Quintana Roo, except for some closely related species for which it is recommended to use additional nuclear genetic markers such as ITS2, in order to resolve these small discrepancies.

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Genetic Structure ofCulex erraticusPopulations Across the Americas

Cited by 9 publications

References 46 publications

Molecular phylogeny of Culex subgenus Melanoconion (Diptera: Culicidae) based on nuclear and mitochondrial protein-coding genes

Molecular phylogeny of Culex subgenus Melanoconion (Diptera: Culicidae) based on nuclear and mitochondrial protein-coding genes

Mapping Eastern (EEE) and Venezuelan Equine Encephalitides (VEE) among Equines Using Geographical Information Systems, Colombia, 2008–2019

DNA barcodes and evidence of cryptic diversity of anthropophagous mosquitoes in Quintana Roo, Mexico

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