Genetic Structure and Kinship Patterns in a Population of Black Howler Monkeys,<i><scp>A</scp>louatta pigra</i>, at<scp>P</scp>alenque<scp>N</scp>ational<scp>P</scp>ark,<scp>M</scp>exico

Belle, Sarie Van; Estrada, Alejandro; Strier, Karen B.; Fiore, Anthony Di

doi:10.1002/ajp.22047

Cited by 32 publications

(40 citation statements)

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“…There is also evidence from monotokous (single young at a time) group‐living animals with high paternity concentration, where paternal half‐siblings are numerous and have the opportunity to co‐disperse and form long‐term alliances, moving from group to group (Pope 1990; van Belle et al. 2012). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postdispersal nepotism in male long‐tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis)

Gerber

Krützen

Ruiter

et al. 2015

Ecology and Evolution

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Cooperative behaviors are promoted by kin selection if the costs to the actor are smaller than the fitness benefits to the recipient, weighted by the coefficient of relatedness. In primates, cooperation occurs primarily among female dyads. Due to male dispersal before sexual maturity in many primate species, however, it is unknown whether there are sufficient opportunities for selective tolerance and occasional coalitionary support for kin selection to favor male nepotistic support. We studied the effect of the presence of male kin on correlates of male reproductive success (residence time, duration of high dominance rank) in non‐natal male long‐tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis). We found that “related” (i.e., related at the half‐sibling level or higher) males in a group have a significantly higher probability to remain in the non‐natal group compared to males without relatives. Moreover, males stayed longer in a group when a relative was present at group entry or joined the same group within 3 months upon arrival. Males with co‐residing relatives also maintained a high rank for longer than those without. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of a potential nepotistic effect on residence and rank maintenance among non‐natal males in a social system without long‐term alliances.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postdispersal nepotism in male long‐tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis)

Gerber

Krützen

Ruiter

et al. 2015

Ecology and Evolution

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“…On the other hand, A. palliata females are reported to disperse from their natal group and join groups that do not contain kin, but exceptions exist where individuals sometimes stay in their natal group [Glander, 1980; Clarke & Glander, 2008]. Regarding males, different group-joining strategies have been reported in A. pigra ; whereas in some cases a single male can join a group without evicting any residents, in other instances a single male may take over a group by expelling the resident males [Horwich et al, 2000; Van Belle et al, 2012], or closely related males can form coalitions and take over a group together [Van Belle et al, 2012]. In contrast to the multiple strategies reported in A. pigra , the dispersal strategies of A. palliata males are reported to be similar to that of A. palliata females, with individuals dispersing before adulthood, remaining solitary for some time, and joining groups that do not contain kin [Glander, 1980; Glander, 1992; Clarke & Glander, 2008].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intragroup genetic relatedness in two howler monkey species (Alouatta pigraandA. palliata): Implications for understanding social systems and dispersal

Nidiffer

Cortés‐Ortiz

2015

American J Primatol

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The degree of genetic relatedness among group members is influenced by dispersal, group formation and composition, mating systems, and other socioecological factors. Making inferences about differences between species in their socio-genetic structure is difficult because studies rarely compare multiple species. In this study, we use multilocus microsatellite genotype data to analyze intragroup genetic relatedness in two howler monkey species (Alouatta palliata and A. pigra). We test the prediction that their patterns of intragroup genetic relatedness will be distinct based on expectations derived from their distinct social systems. Alouatta palliata is expected to have low levels of intragroup relatedness, given that both males and females are reported to disperse from their natal groups, and to join groups with no close kin. Levels of relatedness among A. pigra group members are expected to be variable according to the history of group formation, with new groups formed by unrelated individuals and well-established groups having close kin due to female nepotism and sometimes by takeovers by coalitions of related males. Our results indicate that in both species, most groups contain closely related same-sex and/or inter-sex dyads. This suggests that philopatry in A. palliata may be more common than reported or that individuals are using alternative strategies to reside with close kin. We found greater variation among groups in female-female relatedness in A. palliata than in A. pigra, implying that these species have distinct socio-genetic structures. Further studies including both long-term observational and genetic data are necessary to understand the mechanisms that determine the degree of variation in intragroup genetic relatedness within and among populations for both species. Ecological and demographic data are also necessary to determine the importance of other factors, especially habitat loss and fragmentation, in determining the degree of relatedness in howler monkey groups.

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“…In addition, A. arctoidea females in coalitions with kin enjoy higher reproductive success than those in coalitions with unrelated females (Pope 2000b ). Similar forms of female-female competition have also been observed in A. caraya (Calegaro-Marques and Bicca-Marques 1996 ) and A. pigra (Van Belle et al 2011 ;Brockett et al 1999 ), and females have been reported to co-reside with kin in some groups of A. pigra (Van Belle et al 2012 ), A. caraya (Oklander et al 2010 ), and A. palliata (Milton et al 2009 ). It is unknown to what extent female-female competition in howler monkeys has selected for weaponry and larger bodies, and how it infl uences sexual dimorphism.…”

Section: Intragroup Mating Patternsmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…Intragroup male-male competition in multimale groups might be considerably lower among resident male who are kin compared to those who are not, as males accrue inclusive fi tness benefi ts as a consequence of the mating behavior of relatives. Genetic studies have revealed that adult males who are closely related co-reside in some bisexual groups in A. pigra (Van Belle et al 2012 ), A. caraya (Oklander et al 2010 ), A. palliata (Milton et al 2009 ), and A. arctoidea (Pope 1990 ). In addition, male coalitions of related individuals in multimale A. arctoidea groups last longer and accrue greater fi tness than coalitions of unrelated resident males (Pope 1990 ).…”

Section: Conclusion and Prospectsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Insights into Reproductive Strategies and Sexual Selection in Howler Monkeys

Belle

Bicca‐Marques

2014

Howler Monkeys

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The genus Alouatta is characterized by a fl exible social system in which the reproductive strategies of males and females show great variability both within and between species. Even though the mating system of some species is more frequently polygynous (e.g., A. arctoidea , A. seniculus, and A. pigra ) and that of other species more often polygynandrous (e.g., A. caraya and A. palliata ), females in all species whose reproductive behavior has been studied have been reported to copulate with multiple males within their group, with males in neighboring groups, and with solitary males, suggesting a "mixed mating strategy" characterized by periods of selective mating and periods of promiscuous mating. Central males, however, may be able to monopolize most breeding opportunities during the periovulatory period (POP) of the ovarian cycle when conception is most likely to occur by forming consortships with cycling females. Females do not avoid these consortships as they sexually solicit the central male frequently during their POPs. All howler monkey species are sexually dimorphic in body size, canine size, and hyoid apparatus, suggesting high male-male competition. In addition, four taxa present degrees of sexual dichromatism. Infanticide has been observed in various howler monkey species and might play an important role in shaping their social systems. We review the reproductive behavior of Alouatta , discuss male and female reproductive strategies that are associated with sexual selection via intrasexual selection, mate choice, or intersexual confl ict, and propose a model for the evolution of reproductive behavior in atelid primates.Resumen El género Alouatta se caracteriza por un sistema social fl exible en cual las estrategias reproductivas de los machos y las hembras muestran una gran vari-

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Genetic Structure and Kinship Patterns in a Population of Black Howler Monkeys,Alouatta pigra, atPalenqueNationalPark,Mexico

Cited by 32 publications

References 58 publications

Postdispersal nepotism in male long‐tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis)

Postdispersal nepotism in male long‐tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis)

Intragroup genetic relatedness in two howler monkey species (Alouatta pigraandA. palliata): Implications for understanding social systems and dispersal

Insights into Reproductive Strategies and Sexual Selection in Howler Monkeys

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