Genetic structure and characteristics of Tibetan chickens

Li, Shijun; Zhang, Xiaojian; Dong, Xinyu; Guo, Ruiyang; Nan, Jiuhong; Yuan, Jiahui; Schlebusch, Carina M.; Sheng, Zheya

doi:10.1016/j.psj.2023.102767

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 53 publications

(80 reference statements)

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“…Through long‐term adaptation to diverse environments, local breeds have developed unique adaptive traits that enhance their resilience to challenging conditions (Cao et al., 2021; Li et al., 2023; Xia, Qu, et al., 2023). Our study compared Anxi cattle with other breeds to identify specific genomic signatures of selection unique to the Anxi breed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic characterization of dryland adaptation in endangered Anxi cattle in China

Lyu,

Yao,

Chen

et al. 2024

Animal Genetics

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Local species exhibit distinctive indigenous characteristics while showing unique productive and phenotypic traits. However, the advent of commercialization has posed a substantial threat to the survival of indigenous species. Anxi cattle, an endangered native breed in China, have evolved unique growth and reproductive characteristics in extreme desert and semidesert ecosystems. In this study, we conducted a genomic comparison of 10 Anxi cattle genomes with those of five other global populations/breeds to assess genetic diversity and identify candidate genomic regions in Anxi cattle. Population structure and genetic diversity analyses revealed that Anxi cattle are part of the East Asian cattle clade, exhibiting higher genetic diversity than commercial breeds. Through selective sweep analysis, we identified specific genetic variations linked to the environmental adaptability of Anxi cattle. Notably, we identified several candidate genes, including CERS3 involved in regulating skin permeability and antimicrobial functions, RBFOX2 associated with cardiac development, SLC16A7 participated in the regulation of pancreatic endocrine function, and SPATA3 related to reproduction. Our findings revealed the distinctive genomic features of Anxi cattle in dryland environments, provided invaluable insights for further research and breed preservation, and had important significance for enriching the domestic cattle breeding gene bank.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic characterization of dryland adaptation in endangered Anxi cattle in China

Lyu,

Yao,

Chen

et al. 2024

Animal Genetics

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“…TCs were introduced to plain areas several years ago for large-scale intensive breeding, driven by market demand and economic benefits. However, their introduction into plain areas has resulted in the disappearance of certain valuable traits (17,20). The gut microbiota of animals is influenced by the microorganisms in their living environment and diet (21).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unraveling the gut microbiota of Tibetan chickens: insights into highland adaptation and ecological advantages

Zeng,

Cao,

Yin

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Tibetan animals have several unique advantages owing to the harsh ecological conditions under which they live. Tibetan mammals have been studied extensively. However, understanding of the advantages and underlying mechanisms of the representative high-latitude bird, the Tibetan chicken (Gallus gallus, TC), remains limited. The gut microbiota of animals has been conclusively shown to be closely related to both host health and host environmental adaptation. This study aimed to explore the relationships between the cecal microbiome and the advantages of TCs based on comparisons among three populations: native TCs residing on the plateau, domestic TCs living in the plain, and one native plain species. Metatranscriptomic sequencing revealed a significant enrichment of active Bacteroidetes but a loss of active Firmicutes in native TCs. Additionally, the upregulated expression of genes in the cecal microbiome of native TCs showed enriched pathways related to energy metabolism, glycan metabolism, and the immune response. Furthermore, the expression of genes involved in the biosynthesis of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and secondary bile acids (SBAs) was upregulated in the cecal microbiome of native TCs. Data from targeted metabolomics further confirmed elevated levels of certain SCFAs and SBAs in the cecum of native TCs. Based on the multi-omics association analysis, we proposed that the higher ratio of active Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes may be attributed to the efficient energy metabolism and stronger immunological activity of native TCs. Our findings provide a better understanding of the interactions between gut microbiota and highland adaptation, and novel insights into the mechanisms by which Tibetan chickens adapt to the plateau hypoxic environment.IMPORTANCEThe composition and function of the active cecal microbiome were significantly different between the plateau Tibetan chicken population and the plain chicken population. Higher expression genes related to energy metabolism and immune response were found in the cecal microbiome of the plateau Tibetan chicken population. The cecal microbiome in the plateau Tibetan chicken population exhibited higher biosynthesis of short-chain fatty and secondary bile acids, resulting in higher cecal content of these metabolites. The active Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio in the cecal microbiome may contribute to the high-altitude adaptive advantage of the plateau Tibetan chicken population.

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A Whole-Genome Scan Revealed Genomic Features and Selection Footprints of Mengshan Cattle

Cheng,

Lyu,

Liu

et al. 2024

Genes

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(1) Background: Mengshan cattle from the Yimeng mountainous region in China stand out as a unique genetic resource, known for their adaptive traits and environmental resilience. However, these cattle are currently endangered and comprehensive genomic characterization remains largely unexplored. This study aims to address this gap by investigating the genomic features and selection signals in Mengshan cattle. (2) Methods: Utilizing whole-genome resequencing data from 122 cattle, including 37 newly sequenced Mengshan cattle, we investigated population structure, genetic diversity, and selection signals. (3) Results: Our analyses revealed that current Mengshan cattle primarily exhibit European taurine cattle ancestry, with distinct genetic characteristics indicative of adaptive traits. We identified candidate genes associated with immune response, growth traits, meat quality, and neurodevelopment, shedding light on the genomic features underlying the unique attributes of Mengshan cattle. Enrichment analysis highlighted pathways related to insulin secretion, calcium signaling, and dopamine synapse, further elucidating the genetic basis of their phenotypic traits. (4) Conclusions: Our results provide valuable insights for further research and conservation efforts aimed at preserving this endangered genetic resource. This study enhances the understanding of population genetics and underscores the importance of genomic research in informing genetic resources and conservation initiatives for indigenous cattle breeds.

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Genetic structure and characteristics of Tibetan chickens

Cited by 3 publications

References 53 publications

Genomic characterization of dryland adaptation in endangered Anxi cattle in China

Genomic characterization of dryland adaptation in endangered Anxi cattle in China

Unraveling the gut microbiota of Tibetan chickens: insights into highland adaptation and ecological advantages

A Whole-Genome Scan Revealed Genomic Features and Selection Footprints of Mengshan Cattle

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