Genetic stability of vaccine strains by multilocus sequence typing and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis: Implications for quality control of the leptospiral vaccine

Xu, Yinghua; Zhang, Jinlong; Cui, Shenghui; Li, Min; Zhang, Ying; Xue, Hao; Xin, Xiaofang; Wang, Junzhi

doi:10.1080/21645515.2015.1020266

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…As observed by three molecular techniques, the strains of L. noguchii in Brazil present a high intraspecific genetic diversity. Unlike L. interrogans strains that present a correlation between MLST and PFGE profiles (Xu et al, ), L. noguchii do not seem to present this correlation. The MLST approach remains the best way to characterize strains of leptospires—after analysis of the complete genome sequencing (Fouts et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Molecular epidemiology of Leptospira noguchii reveals important insights into a One Health context

Loureiro

Jaeger

Azevedo

et al. 2019

Transbound Emerg Dis

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Leptospirosis presents a complex and dynamic epidemiology. Bovine leptospirosis has been described as a major infectious disease impairing reproductive efficiency. Although infections by Leptospira interrogans, L. santarosai and L. borgpetersenii are frequently reported in cattle, the presence of L. noguchii in these animals should not be neglected. In this study, we describe serological (MAT) and molecular characterization (rrs and secY gene sequencing, multilocus sequence typing [MLST] and pulsed‐field gel electrophoresis [PFGE]) of eight L. noguchii strains obtained from slaughtered cows. Intraspecific genetic diversity was evaluated, and haplotype networks were constructed based on hosts and geographical localizations. Strains were characterized as belonging to serogroups Australis, Autumnalis and Panama, and molecular characterization showed a high heterogeneity of these strains. Ten different STs were found (including nine new STs and 39 novel alleles) as well as nine different pulsotypes. Two clonal complexes were found. Phylogenetic trees based on secY locus and concatenated MLST loci showed two main clusters, with sequences from the present study included in the first. In general, there was no relationship between the geographical origin and the secY phylogenetic clusters, as well as between secY phylogenetic clusters and serogroups. Molecular diversity indexes confirmed a high variability (H > 0.8). This high intraspecific variation observed may be related to differences in virulence, pathogenicity and antigenicity or even adaptability of the strains. In addition, haplotype networks clearly demonstrated the circulation of genotypes between humans and animals, confirming the zoonotic potential. The present study provides relevant data for the study of leptospirosis in the One Health context, where human, animal and environmental health is closely connected.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Molecular epidemiology of Leptospira noguchii reveals important insights into a One Health context

Loureiro

Jaeger

Azevedo

et al. 2019

Transbound Emerg Dis

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“…A novel pathogenic species, designated L. mayottensis has recently been reported ( Bourhy et al, 2014 ). Furthermore, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, multiple-loci variable number tandem repeat analysis, and multi-locus sequence typing have also been developed for typing pathogenic Leptospira strains ( Herrmann et al, 1992 ; Salaun et al, 2006 ; Xu et al, 2015 ; Zhang et al, 2015 ). More importantly, genome sequencing has been also used to analyze several Leptospira species and a high-level plasticity among pathogenic Leptospira genomes was revealed, which has improved our understanding of genetic diversity at the genome level ( Ren et al, 2003 ; Bulach et al, 2006 ; Fouts et al, 2016 ; Xu et al, 2016 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic Analysis of a New Serovar of Leptospira weilii Serogroup Manhao

Zheng

Zhang

et al. 2017

Front. Microbiol.

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Leptospirosis, caused by pathogenic Leptospira spp., is recognized as an important emerging zoonotic disease throughout the world. In this study, multiple approaches were used to characterize the recently discovered serovar Heyan strain L231. This strain can infect guinea pigs and belonged to the pathogenic species L. weilii. Genome sequencing analysis revealed the draft genome of 4.2 M bp with a G+C content of 40.67% for strain L231, and a total of 4,794 ORFs were identified. The strain L231 genome was found to have a larger LPS biosynthesis locus than that of strains L. interrogans serovar Lai and L. borgpetersenii serovar Hardjobovis. Phylogenomic reconstructions showed that the evolutionary position of L. weilii serovar Heyan was different from that of other serovars from serogroup Manhao. These findings may lead us to a better understanding of Leptospira pathogenesis and evolution.

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“…However, the development of high-quality live attenuated vaccines involves three aspects: genetic stability, low virulence, and effective immune protection. Genetic stability is a critical indicator of vaccine quality ( 23 , 24 ). To ensure the genetic stability of the BCG vaccine, it is stipulated that no more than 12 generations of seed strains be used in its production ( 25 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the efficacy of Aeromonas veronii ΔhisJ vaccine in Carassius auratus via different immunization routes

Wu,

Ma,

Pan

et al. 2024

Front. Vet. Sci.

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IntrodctionAeromonas veronii is a significant pathogen to various aquatic life. Infections in fish can lead to high mortality rates, causing substantial economic losses in aquaculture. Vaccination is proposed as a substitute for antibiotics in aquaculture to decrease disease-related mortality and morbidity. Our study previously constructed a hisJ-deleted strain of A. veronii, which provided protective effect to Loach.MethodsTo further assess the vaccine’s applicability, this study evaluated its genetic stability and safety, and the immune protective effects in Carassius auratus through four distinct administration routes: intraperitoneal injection, intramuscular injection, oral administration, and immersion, to determine the efficacy of these administration routes.ResultsThe results showed that the vaccine remained genetically stable after 45 generations. Immunization via these administration routes was safe for Carassius auratus, with intraperitoneal and intramuscular injections causing stronger adverse reactions. Immersion immunization resulted in mild adverse reactions, and no significant adverse reactions were observed following oral immunization. Immunizing Carassius auratus at safe concentrations via these routes enhanced the phagocytic activity in serum, increased the levels of non-specific immune-related enzymes (ACP, AKP, C3, C4, LZM, SOD, and IgM), and improved specific serum antibody levels. It also elevated levels of cytokines related to inflammatory responses (IL-1β, IL-10, TNF-α, TGF-β) in organ tissues (liver, spleen, kidney, mid-post intestine, and gills). The survival rates of Carassius auratus were measured after challenging with the virulent strain A. veronii TH0426, resulting in the relative survival rates of 64% for Intraperitoneal vaccine group, 56% for Intramuscular vaccine group, 52% for oral vaccine group, and 48% for immersion vaccine group. Analysis of bacterial load in the liver, spleen, and kidney post-challenge showed a decreasing trend in the control group, indicating that the vaccine strain ΔhisJ could gradually restrict the rapid proliferation of bacteria in these tissues, thereby providing a certain level of immune protection against A. veronii.DiscussionIn brief, the vaccine strain ΔhisJ can serve as a safe live attenuated vaccine for Carassius auratus, and this study lays the foundation for the development of live attenuated vaccines against Aeromonas veronii.

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Genetic stability of vaccine strains by multilocus sequence typing and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis: Implications for quality control of the leptospiral vaccine

Cited by 4 publications

References 23 publications

Molecular epidemiology of Leptospira noguchii reveals important insights into a One Health context

Molecular epidemiology of Leptospira noguchii reveals important insights into a One Health context

Genomic Analysis of a New Serovar of Leptospira weilii Serogroup Manhao

Comparison of the efficacy of Aeromonas veronii ΔhisJ vaccine in Carassius auratus via different immunization routes

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