Genetic Signatures of Selection for Cashmere Traits in Chinese Goats

Jin, Meilin; Lü, Jian; Fei, Xiaojuan; Lu, Zengkui; Quan, Kai; Liu, Yongbin; Chu, Mingxing; Di, Ran; Wang, Huihua; Wei, Caihong

doi:10.3390/ani10101905

Cited by 22 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…This kind of domestication leads to selecting more and more cashmere wool to meet textile demands. Therefore, in contrast to cashmere fiber formation, cashmere production was pursued by intense artificial selection pressure during the domestication of cashmere goats (Li et al 2017;Cai et al 2020;Jin et al 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whole-genome sequencing of Chinese native goat offers biological insights into cashmere fiber formation

Yang

Jiang

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Cashmere evolved naturally in the goat, and almost all breeds of goat can produce more or less cashmere fibers. However, the genetic alterations underlying cashmere trait selection are still unclear.We sequenced 120 Chinese native goat including two cashmere goat breeds (Ujumain, Chaidamu) and six ordinary goat breeds (Jining Gray, Matou, Guizhou Black, Jintang Black, Yunnan Black Bone, Chengdu Brown). The genome-wide selective sweep of cashmere goat and ordinary goat revealed a novel set of candidate genes as well as pathways, such as Nuclear factor kappa-B and Wnt Signaling pathways. Of them, the LHX2 gene regulating hair follicle development, was evident from the strongest selection signal when comparing the Uhumqin cashmere goat and ordinary goat. Interestingly, we identified a 582bp deletion at 367 kb upstream of LHX2 with higher frequency in cashmere goats and their ancient relatives. This mutation probably rises along the breeding procedures, and is putatively responsible for cashmere production and diameter, as revealed by association studies. Luciferase assay shows that the deletion, which acts as an insulator, restrains the expression of LHX2 by interfering its upstream enhancers.Our study discovers a novel insulator of the LHX2 involved in regulating cashmere production and diameter, which would be beneficial to understanding hair follicle development and regeneration. Our findings also provide new insights into the genetic formation of cashmere, and facilitate subsequent molecular breeding for cashmere goat improvement.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whole-genome sequencing of Chinese native goat offers biological insights into cashmere fiber formation

Yang

Jiang

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…A multiple linear regression model was used to analyze how the inbreeding coefficient influenced the four traits. In this study, the impact factors of each trait included the production year (1990-2019), flocks (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12), age of individuals (1-7), age of dams (2-7) birth status (1, 2), and gender (1,2). The inbreeding coefficient (F i ) is continuously viable; however, other factors are discrete variables.…”

Section: Effect Of Inbreeding On Important Economic Traits Of Imcgsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The genetic resources of cashmere goats are very rich throughout the world and are mainly distributed in Asia, including Mongolia, Iran, Afghanistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Tajikistan. Inner Mongolia White Cashmere goats (IMCGs) and Liaoning Cashmere goats (LNCGs) are key breeds in China ( 7 ). The male parents of most goat breeds in China come from both varieties ( 8 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing Genetic Diversity and Estimating the Inbreeding Effect on Economic Traits of Inner Mongolia White Cashmere Goats Through Pedigree Analysis

et al. 2021

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Objective: The purpose of this study was to discover the population structure and genetic diversity of Inner Mongolia White Cashmere goats (IMCGs) and demonstrate the effect of inbreeding on the live body weight (LBW), cashmere yield (CY), fiber length (FL), and fiber diameter (FD) of IMCGs.Materials and Methods: All data were collected from pedigree information and production performance records of IMCGs from 1983 to 2019. The population structure and genetic diversity were analyzed by Endog 4.8 software. Inbreeding coefficients were obtained by the pedigree package in R. Then, a linear regression model was used to analyze how inbreeding influences economic traits in IMCGs. Four levels of inbreeding coefficients (Fi) were classified in this study, including Fi = 0, 0< Fi ≤ 6.25, 6.25< Fi ≤ 12.5 and Fi≥12.5. Variance analysis was performed to determine whether inbreeding levels had a significant effect on economic traits in IMCGs.Results: The proportions of rams and dams in IMCGs for breeding were relatively small, with values of 0.8 and 20.5%, respectively. The proportion of inbred animals in the entire population was high, with values up to 68.6%; however, the average inbreeding coefficient and relatedness coefficient were 4.50 and 8.48%, respectively. To date, the population has experienced 12 generations. The average generation interval obtained in the present study was 4.11 ± 0.01 years. The ram-to-son pathway was lowest (3.97 years), and the ewe-to-daughter pathway was highest (4.24 years). It was discovered that the LBW, CY, and FL increased by 3.88 kg, 208.7 g, and 1.151 cm, respectively, with every 1% increase in the inbreeding coefficient, and the FD decreased by 0.819 μm with every 1% increase in the inbreeding coefficient. Additionally, multiple comparison analysis indicated that when the inbreeding coefficient was higher than 6.25%, the LBW showed an obvious decreasing trend. The threshold value of inbreeding depression in the CY is 12.5%. However, inbreeding depression has not been observed in the FL and FD.Conclusion: Pedigree completeness needs to be further strengthened. The degree of inbreeding in this flock should be properly controlled when designing breeding programs.

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“…Today, however, traditional breeding studies can be supported by marker-assisted selection (MAS) in which molecular markers are commonly used to detect genes or gene regions related to economically important yields (Wakchaure et al ., 2015). Indeed, many genes or gene regions were revealed to be associated with meat (Sevane et al ., 2013), milk (Kiyici et al ., 2019), egg (Bhattacharya et al ., 2019), and cashmere (Jin et al ., 2020) yields in different farm animals. Because desired gene regions or genotype combinations related to economically important yields can be detected at birth or embryo stage, genetic gain has increased in traditional breeding studies supplemented with MAS (Singh et al ., 2019).…”

Section: Advances In Molecular Genetics and Its Implications In Fawmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct and indirect contributions of molecular genetics to farm animal welfare: a review

Demir

Bilginer

Balcıoğlu

et al. 2021

Anim. Health. Res. Rev.

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Since domestication, farm animals have played a key role to increase the prosperity of humankind, while animal welfare (AW) is debated even today. This paper aims to comprehensively review the contributions of developing molecular genetics to farm animal welfare (FAW) and to raise awareness among both scientists and farmers about AW. Welfare is a complex trait affected by genetic structure and environmental factors. Therefore, the best welfare status can be achieved not only to enhance environmental factors such as management and feeding practices, but also the genetic structure of animals must be improved. In this regard, advances in molecular genetics have made great contributions to improve the genetic structure of farm animals, which has increased AW. Today, by sequencing and/or molecular markers, genetic diseases may be detected and eliminated in local herds. Additionally, genes related to diseases or adaptations are investigated by molecular techniques, and the frequencies of desired genotypes are increased in farm animals to keep welfare at an optimized level. Furthermore, stress on animals can be reduced with DNA extraction from stool and feather samples which reduces physical contact between animals and veterinarians. Together with molecular genetics, advances in genome editing tools and biotechnology are promising to improve FAW in the future.

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Genetic Signatures of Selection for Cashmere Traits in Chinese Goats

Cited by 22 publications

References 67 publications

Whole-genome sequencing of Chinese native goat offers biological insights into cashmere fiber formation

Whole-genome sequencing of Chinese native goat offers biological insights into cashmere fiber formation

Assessing Genetic Diversity and Estimating the Inbreeding Effect on Economic Traits of Inner Mongolia White Cashmere Goats Through Pedigree Analysis

Direct and indirect contributions of molecular genetics to farm animal welfare: a review

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