Genetic signatures of evolutionary rescue by a selective sweep

Osmond, Matthew Miles; Coop, Graham

doi:10.1101/800201

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…We can show that where the mismatch between the environment and the ancestral variant A is more pronounced, a rescue is less likely and where they do occur, the population bottleneck is more severe, as one might expect from previous work on evolutionary rescues 11 , 18 , 21 .…”

Section: Evolutionary Rescue In Humanssupporting

confidence: 66%

“…To explore the interplay between cultural adaptation and extinction or extirpation risk we describe an extension to our model drawing on work on "evolutionary rescue" where a species or population adapts to environmental change sufficiently rapidly to avoid extinction with no inward migration with or without interbreeding (distinct processes known as genetic or demographic rescue respectively) 11,[17][18][19][20][21][22] .…”

Section: Evolutionary Rescue In Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The fundamentals of cultural adaptation: implications for human adaptation

Fogarty

Kandler

2020

Sci Rep

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the process of human adaptation to novel environments is a uniquely complex interplay between cultural and genetic changes. However, mechanistically, we understand little about these processes. to begin to untangle these threads of human adaptation we use mathematical models to describe and investigate cultural selective sweeps. We show that cultural sweeps differ in important ways from the genetic equivalents. the models show that the dynamics of cultural selective sweeps and, consequently, their differences from genetic sweeps depend critically on cultural transmission mechanisms. Further, we consider the effect of processes unique to culture such as foresight and innovations in response to an environmental change on adaptation. finally we show that a 'cultural evolutionary rescue', or the survival of an endangered population by means of cultural adaptation, is possible. We suggest that culture might make a true, genetic, evolutionary rescue plausible for human populations. Genetically, a population can adapt to a new niche or a novel environment in two ways, either by relying on existing genetic variation, or through the appearance of beneficial new mutations 1,2. In the latter case the rate of adaptation is limited by the rate of genetic mutation, and in the former the adaptive process is constrained by the variance in a relevant trait, and influenced by selection and drift prior to entering the new environment 1-3. This difference has important implications for estimates of past and future rates of genetic evolution and the discernible signatures of selective sweeps in each case 2. The potential for a rapid rate of cultural evolution compared to genetic change raises an important possibility: in humans, genetic adaptation to new environments or genetic responses to environmental shifts may be preceded by much more rapid cultural adaptation 4. Indeed, the ability of modern humans to adapt to novel environments is often attributed to our uniquely well-developed ability to rapidly amass large adaptive cultural repertoires 5,6. However, while the field of cultural evolution has provided deep insights into the processes of cultural transmission 5,7 , we still understand little about how cultural adaptation to novel environments might proceed, what if any, evidence of past selection might be found in cultural data, and how this might interact with genetic adaptation or interfere with genetic signatures of selective events. For example, in analogy with the genetic case described above, does cultural adaptation generally occur from existing (standing) variation or from an innovation-limited process? It may be reasonable to assume that the process of cultural innovation proceeds more rapidly than genetic mutation but what does this mean for our understanding of adaptation and the signatures of adaptation? Understanding these dynamics demands close examination of the way in which we typically model innovation in cultural evolutionary systems (see Ref. 8). Often, the rate of innovation in cultural evolutionary models i...

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Section: Evolutionary Rescue In Humanssupporting

confidence: 66%

Section: Evolutionary Rescue In Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

The fundamentals of cultural adaptation: implications for human adaptation

Fogarty

Kandler

2020

Sci Rep

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“…Our simulations assume that, following GR/admixture, the effective population size of the recipient population immediately recovers to the full size of the ancestral population. Future directions could consider more gradual recoveries in the effective population size, possibly by using evolutionary rescue models such as those discussed by Osmond & Coop (2019). Thus, our models show GR operating at the upper limit of its efficiency, since the aforementioned alternative models would have strictly lower effective population sizes in the short term following admixture.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Recently, Osmond & Coop (2019) investigated the population genetic signatures of selective sweeps under evolutionary rescue, i.e. the adaptive response and recovery from reduced absolute fitness due to environmental change.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of the genetic architecture of local adaptations under genetic rescue is determined by mutational load and polygenicity

Zhang

Stern²,

Nielsen

2020

Preprint

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Inbred populations often suffer from heightened mutational load and decreased fitness due to lower efficiency of purifying selection at small effective population size. Genetic rescue (GR) is a tool that is studied and deployed with the aim of increasing fitness of such inbred populations. The success of GR is known to depend on certain factors that may vary between different populations, such as their demographic history and distribution of dominance effects of mutations. While we understand the effects of these factors on the evolution of overall ancestry in the inbred population after GR, it is less clear what the effect is on local adaptations and their genetic architecture. To this end, we conduct a population genetic simulation study evaluating the effect of several different factors on the efficacy of GR including trait complexity (Mendelian vs. polygenic), dominance effects, and demographic history. We find that the effect on local adaptations depends highly on the mutational load at the time of GR, which is shaped dynamically by interactions between demographic history and dominance effects of deleterious variation. While local adaptations are generally restored post-GR in the long run, in the short term they are often compromised in the process of purging deleterious variation. We also show that while local adaptations are almost always fully restored, the degree to which ancestral genetic variation comprising the trait is replaced by donor variation can vary drastically, and is especially high for complex traits. Our results provide considerations for practical GR and its effects on trait evolution.

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“…First, if we know how eco-evolutionary dynamics affect genomic patterns (e.g. how evolutionary rescue affects selective sweep and genetic hitchhiking of linked neutral alleles: [124]) by using population genetic models, then it may even be possible for us to detect past eco-evolutionary dynamics from population genomic data. This may be an interesting approach for transient dynamics such as evolutionary rescue [124] as well as continuous dynamics such as coevolutionary cycles [125].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How does genetic architecture affect eco-evolutionary dynamics? A theoretical perspective

Yamamichi

2022

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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Recent studies have revealed the importance of feedbacks between contemporary rapid evolution (i.e. evolution that occurs through changes in allele frequencies) and ecological dynamics. Despite its inherent interdisciplinary nature, however, studies on eco-evolutionary feedbacks have been mostly ecological and tended to focus on adaptation at the phenotypic level without considering the genetic architecture of evolutionary processes. In empirical studies, researchers have often compared ecological dynamics when the focal species under selection has a single genotype with dynamics when it has multiple genotypes. In theoretical studies, common approaches are models of quantitative traits where mean trait values change adaptively along the fitness gradient and Mendelian traits with two alleles at a single locus. On the other hand, it is well known that genetic architecture can affect short-term evolutionary dynamics in population genetics. Indeed, recent theoretical studies have demonstrated that genetic architecture (e.g. the number of loci, linkage disequilibrium and ploidy) matters in eco-evolutionary dynamics (e.g. evolutionary rescue where rapid evolution prevents extinction and population cycles driven by (co)evolution). I propose that theoretical approaches will promote the synthesis of functional genomics and eco-evolutionary dynamics through models that combine population genetics and ecology as well as nonlinear time-series analyses using emerging big data. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Genetic basis of adaptation and speciation: from loci to causative mutations’.

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Genetic signatures of evolutionary rescue by a selective sweep

Cited by 3 publications

References 83 publications

The fundamentals of cultural adaptation: implications for human adaptation

The fundamentals of cultural adaptation: implications for human adaptation

Evolution of the genetic architecture of local adaptations under genetic rescue is determined by mutational load and polygenicity

How does genetic architecture affect eco-evolutionary dynamics? A theoretical perspective

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