Genetic Relationships among Populations of Alaskan Chinook Salmon (<i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i>)

Gharrett, Anthony J.; Shirley, Susan M.; Tromble, G. R.

doi:10.1139/f87-093

Cited by 64 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…1) (Mann & Peteet 1994). An associated phylogeographic disjunction between northern and southern Alaska has been described for several salmonids (Gharrett et al . 1987; Varnavskaya et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Glacial biogeography of North American coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch)

et al. 2001

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To study the glacial biogeography of coho we examined 20 microsatellite loci and mitochondrial DNA D-loop sequence in samples from Alaska to California. Microsatellite data divided our samples among five biogeographic regions: (1) Alaska and northern coastal British Columbia; (2) the Queen Charlotte Islands; (3) the mainland coast of British Columbia and northern Washington State; (4) the Thompson River; and (5) Oregon and California. The D-loop sequence data suggested three geographical regions: (1) Oregon and California; (2) the Thompson River; and (3) all the other sites north of the southern ice margin. Microsatellite data revealed no difference in the number of alleles in different regions, but mitochondrial DNA data revealed a cline of decreasing diversity from south to north. We suggest that the two signals presented by these different marker types illuminate two time frames in the history of this species. Endemic microsatellite diversity in Alaska and on the Queen Charlotte Islands provides evidence in favour of Fraser Glaciation refugia in these regions. The loss of mitochondrial variation from south to north suggests that one of the earlier, more extensive, Pleistocene glaciations eliminated coho from its northern range.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Glacial biogeography of North American coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch)

et al. 2001

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“…In fact, the SAMOVA results reveal a single collection group for each species that consisted of all or most of the Norton Sound and Kuskowkim River watersheds and the lower Yukon River. Other studies have described low heterogeneity among western Alaska salmon populations (e.g., Gharrett et al 1987;Wilmot et al 1994;Seeb and Crane 1999;Utter et al 2009). The locations of boundaries separating the coastal and inland collections are similar for each species and are identified as partial gene flow barriers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Glacial recession followed by isostatic rebound could have resulted in stream captures in both areas (e.g., a branch of the Chandalar River by the Koyukuk River and a branch of the Tanana River by the Kuskokwim River). Vicariance induced by glacial recession has been used to explain similar results for salmon elsewhere in Alaska (e.g., Gharrett et al 1987;Seeb and Crane 1999). Alternatively, the three barriers (and other barriers between the coastal and inland groups) may reflect post-glacial secondary contact.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Comparative landscape genetic analysis of three Pacific salmon species from subarctic North America

et al. 2010

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We examined the assumption that landscape heterogeneity similarly influences the spatial distribution of genetic diversity in closely related and geographically overlapping species. Accordingly, we evaluated the influence of watershed affiliation and nine habitat variables from four categories (spatial isolation, habitat size, climate, and ecology) on population divergence in three species of Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, O. kisutch, and O. keta) from three contiguous watersheds in subarctic North America. By incorporating spatial data we found that the three watersheds did not form the first level of hierarchical population structure as predicted. Instead, each species exhibited a broadly similar spatial pattern: a single coastal group with populations from all watersheds and one or more inland groups primarily in the largest watershed. These results imply that the spatial scale of conservation should extend across watersheds rather than at the watershed level which is the scale for fishery management. Three independent methods of multivariate analysis identified two variables as having influence on population divergence across all watersheds: precipitation in all species and subbasin area (SBA) in Chinook. Although we found general broad-scale congruence in the spatial patterns of population divergence and evidence that precipitation may influence population divergence in each species, we also found differences in the level of population divergence (coho [ Chinook and chum) and evidence that SBA may influence population divergence only in Chinook. These differences among species support a species-specific approach to evaluating and planning for the influence of broad-scale impacts such as climate change.

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“…Protein electrophoresis has been applied extensively to describe genetic differentiation among chinook salmon populations (Gharrett et al 1987;Winans 1989;Gall et al 1992;Utter et al 1992) and estimate stock compositions in chinook salmon fisheries (Utter et al 1987;Waples and Aebersold 1990;Shaklee et al 1990). However, estimates of stock composition are usually only available for chinook salmon from geographic areas (Utter et al 1987;Marshall et al 1991) and require large samples to obtain precise estimates of stock composition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stock identification of chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) using minisatellite DNA variation

Beacham¹,

Withler²,

Stevens³

1996

Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.

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Geographic variation in minisatellite DNA was examined in 28 stocks of chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) from British Columbia and 3 stocks from the Yukon Territory. Genomic DNA was restricted with the enzymes RsaI and HinfI and hybridized with three minisatellite probes. Regional differentiation in allele frequencies and DNA fragment (band) counts was observed, with stocks from the Fraser River, east coast of Vancouver Island, west coast of Vancouver Island, southern mainland, and northern British Columbia forming distinct groups. With allele frequencies or band counts in the baseline stocks considered fixed or exact, estimates of stock composition from simulated mixtures within the Fraser and Skeena River drainages were accurate and precise, suggesting that discrimination among stocks within river drainages may be possible. Individual chinook salmon were classified with an average accuracy of 35% to stock in a 30-stock baseline and an average accuracy of 65% to region for eight regions. Minisatellite DNA variation offers the potential to accurately and precisely estimate chinook salmon stock composition on a fine geographic scale.Résumé : On a examiné les variations géographiques d'ADN minisatellite dans 28 stocks de saumon quinnat (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) de la Colombie-Britannique et 3 stocks du territoire du Yukon. L'ADN génomique était restreint par les enzymes RsaI et HinfI et hybride avec trois segments d'ADN minisatellite employés comme sondes. On a observé une différenciation selon la région des fréquences des allèles et des comptes de fragments (bandes) d'ADN chez les stocks du fleuve Fraser, de la côte est de l'île de Vancouver, de la côte ouest de cette même île, du sud de la partie continentale et du nord de la Colombie-Britannique, qui formaient des groupes distincts. Si l'on supposait que les fréquences des allèles ou les comptes des bandes des stocks de base étaient fixes ou exactes, les estimations de la composition des stocks faites à partir de mélanges simulés dans les bassins hydrographiques du Fraser et de la rivière Skeena étaient exactes et précises, ce qui suggère que la discrimination entre les stocks d'un même bassin hydrographique pourrait être possible. Les spécimens de saumon quinnat étaient classés avec une exactitude moyenne de 35% pour le stock (30 stocks de base) et avec une exactitude moyenne de 65% pour la région (huit régions). La variation de l'ADN minisatellite rend possible une évaluation exacte et précise de la composition des stocks de saumon quinnat sur une échelle géographique fine. Traduit par la Rédaction]

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Genetic Relationships among Populations of Alaskan Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)

Cited by 64 publications

References 13 publications

Glacial biogeography of North American coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch)

Glacial biogeography of North American coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch)

Comparative landscape genetic analysis of three Pacific salmon species from subarctic North America

Stock identification of chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) using minisatellite DNA variation

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