Genetic Progress through Hybridization of Induced and Natural Tetraploids in Crested Wheatgrass

Asay, K. H.; Dewey, Douglas R.; Gomm, F. B.; Horton, W. H.; Jensen, Kevin B.

doi:10.2307/3899064

Cited by 29 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(10 reference statements)

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“…Yield and IVDMD of Hycrest and 1-28 were greater than for the other entries tested. These yield responses were similar to those reported by Asay et al (1986) for several sites where yields of Hycrest were greater than Nordan and least for Fairway. Hycrest and 1-28 are similar in many respects, but differ from the 3 A. fragile selections as well as from Nordan and Fairway.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Hycrest, Ephraim, 1-28, Ruff, and Syn-F have been developed since the 1970's (Asay et al 1986). Three of those grasses were included in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…was first successfully introduced into North America from Eurasia in 1906 (Dillman 1946). Additional accessions have been introduced since then and new hybrids have been developed (Asay et al 1986). This genus has been widely used for range improvement in the central and northern Great Plains, Intermountain, Great Basin, Snake River, and Columbia Plateau regions of the United States and the prairie provinces of Canada (Mayland 1986).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Seasonal Trends in Herbage Yield and Quality of Agropyrons

Mayland¹,

Asay²,

Clark³

1992

Journal of Range Management

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Crested wheatgrasses (A gropyron spp.) are grown on 6 million ha in the U.S. and 560 mg g l for the regrowth following harvest 1 and 2. The A. fragile entries had higher N, Ca, P, and Ca/P, but lower yield, IVDMD, and grass tetany potential values than other Agropyrons. Contrary to expectations, IVDMD of A. fragile decreased to 500 mg g-1 , 6 to 11 days earlier than for the other Agropyrons. The 1-28 and Hycrest entries had higher yield, IVDMD, K, and grass tetany risk and lower N, Ca, P, and Ca/P than the other Agropyrons.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Hycrest, Ephraim, 1-28, Ruff, and Syn-F have been developed since the 1970's (Asay et al 1986). Three of those grasses were included in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seasonal Trends in Herbage Yield and Quality of Agropyrons

Mayland¹,

Asay²,

Clark³

1992

Journal of Range Management

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“…This cultivar was originally derived from a hybrid between an induced tetraploid form of A. cristatum and natural tetraploid A. desertorum (Asay et al 1986). The experiment was conducted at the Utah State University Evans Experimental Farm, 2 km south of Logan, Utah (41 45' N, III 48' W, at an altitude of 1,350 m above sea level).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Variances for Dry Matter Yield, Nitrogen Content, and Nitrogen Yield in Crested Wheatgrass-Alfalfa Mixtures

Asay¹,

Mayland²

1991

Journal of Range Management

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Since its introduction from Asia in the early 1900s, crested wheatgrass [Agropyron cristatum (L.)Gaertner, A. desertorum (Fisch. ex Link) Schultes et al.] has had a major impact on the improvement of western rangelands of North America. Most of the early seedings with this cool-season grass were made as monocultures. Present and projected use of rangelands, however, prescribe that future crested wheatgrass cultivars have the genetic potential to be an effective component in a species complex including other grasses, shrubs, and forbs. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of associated alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) on the performance and genetic variability in a 50-clone sample of a tetraploid crested wheatgrass breeding population. Significant (P<0.05) differences were found among the clonal lines for dry matter (DM) yield, nitrogen (N), and N yield. Opportunities for genetic improvement, as indicated by the magnitude of the genetic variation for these characters, was significantly increased when the grasses were grown in association with alfalfa. Significant (P<0.01) and positive correlations of clonal means between stand types indicated that differences among the clonal lines in DM yield, N content, and N yield were relatively consistent when grown with or without alfalfa. These results indicate that initial screening could be effectively done in tetraploid crested wheatgrass in the presence or absence of alfalfa. Final evaluation of breeding lines and experimental strains, however, should be done with alfalfa if the object is to develop cultivars to be grown in combination with that species. (Dillman 1946). It has since had more impact on revegetation of western rangelands in North America than any other grass. Most of the early crested wheatgrass seedings were made as monocultures; however, environmental concerns and multiple demands now made on rangelands dictate that other grass, shrub, and forb species be included in the seeding mix.The beneficial effects of legumes on succeeding crops in a rotation is well documented (Lohnis 1926, Trenbath 1974, Heichel 1987. The positive contribution of nitrogen (N) to this interaction was established in the early 1900s (Fred et al. 1932, Heichel 1987 and will likely have increasing economic impact as the availability of fossil fuels becomes more critical. The major benefits stemming from grass-legume mixtures are related to N transfer from the legume to associated grasses. Nitrogen is released from roots of the legume plant through active or passive release of soluble materials from intact cells, sloughing and decomposition of epidermal cells, lvsis of cells by pathogens, and senescence of nodules and roots (Brophy and Heichel 1989). Nitrogenous compounds secreted into the surrounding soil medium consist of ammonia, glutamate, serine, alanine, and aspartate (Ta et al. 1986). Brophy and Heichel (1989) studied net N release from actively growing root systems of alfalfa ( Medicago saliva L.) and soybeans (Glycine max L. Merr.) in an enclosed root...

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“…Asay et al (1986) have demonstrated that hybridisation between ploidy levels may be an excellent way to develop improved germplasm of crested wheatgrass, utilising colchicine-induced tetraploids. Understanding the nature of polyploidy in this grass complex is important from taxonomic, phylogenetic and breeding standpoints.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meiotic behaviour in natural diploid, tetraploid, and commercial diploid crested wheatgrass

Deniz

Doğru

2006

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research

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Chiasma frequencies and chromosome associations at diakinesis and first metaphase (MI) were studied in natural and commercial diploid Agropyron cristatum and natural tetraploid Agropyron desertorum crested wheatgrass plants. The frequencies of bivalents were 6.988 and 6.980 at diakinesis and 6.980 and 6.976 at MI in the natural and commercial diploids, respectively. The frequencies of bivalents and quadrivalents in the natural tetraploid were 7.728 and 3.072 at diakinesis, and their frequencies at MI were 7.880 and 2.984, respectively. A few univalents were formed at diakinesis and MI in the three crested wheatgrasses, and these were generally associated with trivalents at the two stages in the tetraploid. There were positive and significant correlations between the frequencies of chiasmata at diakinesis and those of chiasmata at MI in the three crested wheatgrasses. Tetraploid A. desertorum, in particular, is thought to be an important breeding material for future studies when growth performance and meiotic regularity are taken into consideration.

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Genetic Progress through Hybridization of Induced and Natural Tetraploids in Crested Wheatgrass

Cited by 29 publications

References 13 publications

Seasonal Trends in Herbage Yield and Quality of Agropyrons

Seasonal Trends in Herbage Yield and Quality of Agropyrons

Genetic Variances for Dry Matter Yield, Nitrogen Content, and Nitrogen Yield in Crested Wheatgrass-Alfalfa Mixtures

Meiotic behaviour in natural diploid, tetraploid, and commercial diploid crested wheatgrass

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