Genetic Predisposition to Cancer and Familial Cancer Syndromes

Quesnel, Susan; Malkin, David

doi:10.1016/s0031-3955(05)70530-7

Cited by 24 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…Retinoblastoma has not been found to have any race or sex predilection. 19 A retinoblastoma gene was identified and reported in 1986 and is transmitted in a dominant manner. The gene Rb1 functions as a tumor suppressor.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Age-specific rates of all cancers combined among AN children display a pattern by age similar to that observed among US whites. Specifically, rates are high among young AN children (160 per million among age 0 -4), decline somewhat in age groups 5 to 9 and 10 to 14 (116 and 119 per million, respectively), and then increase again in older children (188 per million in age group [15][16][17][18][19].…”

Section: Distribution Of Cancersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, there are many differences in site-specific cancer incidence rates among AN compared with US whites. 10 This study examined cancer in AN children (under age 20), comparing incidence rates in AN children with those of US whites by sex, age group (0 -4, 5-9, 10 -14, and [15][16][17][18][19], and ethnicity (Indian, Aleut, and Eskimo). We also compared our data with that of New Mexican American Indians (NMAI) and with Alaska whites.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Childhood Cancer Among Alaska Natives

et al. 2003

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ABSTRACT.Objective. The primary purpose of this study was to examine the occurrence of cancer in Alaska Native (AN) children (under age 20). Although several studies have compared differences in cancer incidence between white and black children, few have examined cancer among Alaska Natives/American Indians. We know of no published article describing cancer incidence in AN children. We compared our findings with those of American Indian children of New Mexico and of Alaska white children. Data on mortality, survival, and prevalence are also included. Alaska Native is the term used collectively for the inhabitants whose ancestors occupied the area before European contact of what is now the state of Alaska. Alaska Natives include Eskimo, Indian, and Aleut groups. Although the 3 major groups differ in culture, language, and probably genetics, there are similarities in numerous social and economic indicators. The Northern Eskimo of Alaska (Inupiat) are related to Canadian and Greenland Inuit. Indians in Alaska include Athabaskan (in the interior of the state), who share commonalities with Canadian Athabaskan as well as with Navajo and Apache in the southwestern United States. Tlingit, Haida, and Tsimshian groups reside primarily in the southeast panhandle of the state. The panhandle Indian groups are similar to those of British Columbia.Methods. Data on cancer incidence are from the Alaska Native Tumor Registry, 1969 -1996. We studied children under age 20 to make our results comparable to national data as presented in the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) Pediatric Monograph. Population data for AN are based on census data and Indian Health Service intercensal estimates. Data for US whites and New Mexico Indians are from the National Cancer Institute's SEER program. Calculations were made using SEERStat software. Data for Alaska whites are for the years 1996 -2000. (The Alaska Cancer Registry has collected data for all Alaskans only since 1996). Odds ratios (ORs) of rates with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated.Results. The rate among all AN children (both sexes) for all cancers combined is similar to that of US whites (OR: 1.0; 95% CI: 0.8 -1.1). Examination of childhood cancer rates by ethnicity, however, reveal that rates are significantly lower for Indian (OR: 0.6; 95% CI: 0.4 -0.8) but not significantly different for Eskimo or Aleut children. For most International Classification of Childhood Cancers groups, incidence rates for AN children are also similar to those of US whites. However, AN children are at significantly higher risk for hepatic tumors (OR: 13.1; 95% CI: 7.9 -20.5), particularly hepatocellular carcinoma (OR: 43.8; 95% CI:24.4 -75.1) and retinoblastoma (OR: 2.8; 95% CI: 1.3-5.3). By ethnic group, rates for hepatocellular carcinoma are significantly high only for Eskimo. Rates for all AN children are lower for neuroblastoma (OR: 0.1; 95% CI: 0.1-0.6) and lymphoma (OR: 0.5; 95% CI: 0.3-0.9), particularly Hodgkin's disease (OR: 0.2; 95% CI: 0.0...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Distribution Of Cancersmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Childhood Cancer Among Alaska Natives

et al. 2003

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“…Consanguinous marriages are well known to carry an elevated risk in offspring to autosomal recessive abnormalities and multifactorial diseases, both mechanisms implicated in carcinogenesis [2,17]. Twin and sibling studies have revealed a familial accumulation of leukemia, especially ALL, suggesting genetic predisposition but not excluding common environmental factors in the etiology [15,16].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Genetic diseases often predispose to neoplastic processes because of alterations in oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes (cancer family syndromes) or, in a less overt way, causing imbalance in the cell cycle [2]. The association of genetic syndromes and certain cancer forms may shed light on mechanisms of malignant transformation through correlation of the abnormal molecular patterns seen in the genetic disorder and eventual cancer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%