Genetic population structure of Bemisia tabaci in Spain associated with Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus - short communication

Abstract

Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV) originates from Asia where it is persistently transmitted by indigenous cryptic species of the whitefly Bemisia tabaci. The virus has recently invaded Spain, Tunisia, and Italy, and to investigate whether whitefly species new to the Mediterranean are involved, 35 populations were collected during 2015 from different crops in different regions of southern Spain. Comparison of partial mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I sequences from the collected whiteflies revealed the existence of 7 different haplotypes belonging to the Mediterranean-Q1 cryptic species. ToLCNDV was detected in 15 populations collected from tomato, zucchini, and melon crops and from 5 different localities. The results suggest that MED-Q1 is also responsible for the current spread of ToLCNDV in Spain.

Pest survey card on tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus

“…The species and the number of hosts that ToLCNDV can infect also depends on the preferences of the local Bemisia tabaci population (Zaidi et al, 2017;Moriones et al, 2017). The most polyphagous MEAM1 and MED species occur in the EU and MED was identified as being associated with ToLCNDV (Janssen et al, 2017). Wild plants can serve as reservoirs for the virus and may also be visited by B. tabaci (Gill and Brown, 2009), thus enabling transfer from weed plants to cultivated hosts and back.…”

A Major QTL Located in Chromosome 8 of Cucurbita moschata Is Responsible for Resistance to Tomato Leaf Curl New Delhi Virus

“…Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV) is an economically important begomovirus (family Geminiviridae) with two circular single-stranded DNA genome components of ∼2.7 kb, designated as DNA-A and DNA-B (Padidam et al, 1995;Jyothsna et al, 2013). ToLCNDV is transmitted in nature by the whitefly Bemisia tabaci biotypes MEAM1 and MED (Chang et al, 2010;Rosen et al, 2015;Janssen et al, 2017), but some isolates of this virus can also be transmitted by mechanical inoculation (Usharani et al, 2004;Chang et al, 2010;Sohrab et al, 2013;López et al, 2015).…”

First report of Cucurbit Chlorotic Yellows Virus (CCYV) and Tomato Leaf Curl New Delhi Virus (ToLCNDV) in Algeria and lack of evidence for seed transmission of ToLCNDV in melon and pumpkin.

“…Following this interaction, the virus travels through the insect's alimentary canal and from the midgut membrane leaks into the part of the circulatory system, called the hemocoel, responsible for directly bathing the organs with hemolymph, in this way the virus reaches the primary salivary gland (Gray et al, 2014). When the viruliferous fly feeds on a healthy host plant, it inoculates the virus and infection occurs, in a process that can take 15 minutes (Janssen et al, 2017). Virus acquisition occurs within several hours of insect feeding, and the insects remain virulent for the rest of their lives (Desbiez, 2022).…”

“…Middle East Asia and Asia minor (MEAM) biotype or B, and Q Biotype or Mediterranean (MED) (Janssen et al, 2017;Maruthi & Muniyappa, 2007). In Italy, MED-Q2 has also been identified as a viruses transmitter (Bertin et al, 2021).…”