Genetic polymorphisms of TRAPPC9 and CD4 genes and their association with milk production and mastitis resistance phenotypic traits in Chinese Holstein

Abstract

The present study was designed to evaluate the association of polymorphisms in bovine trafficking protein particle complex subunit 9 (TRAPPC9) and cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) genes with milk production and mastitis resistance phenotypic traits in a different cattle population. Three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (SNP1 Position: Chr14:2484891, SNP2 (rs110017379), SNP3 Position: Chr14:2525852) in bovine TRAPPC9 and one SNP (Position: Chr5:104010752) in CD4 were screened through Chinese Cow's SNPs Chip-I (CCSC-I) and genotyped in a population of 312 Chinese Holsteins (156: Mastitis, 156: Healthy). The results were analyzed using the general linear model in SAS 9.4. Our analysis revealed that milk protein percentage, somatic cell count (SCC), somatic cell score (SCS), serum cytokines interleukin 6 (IL-6) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) were significantly (P < 0.05) associated with at least one or more identified SNPs of TRAPPC9 and CD4 genes. Furthermore, the expression status of SNPs in CD4 and TRAPPC9 genes were verified through RT-qPCR. The expression analysis showed that genotypes GG in SNP3 of TRAPPC9 and TT genotype in SNP4 of CD4 showed higher expression level compared to other genotypes. The GG genotype in SNP2 and TT genotype in SNP3 of TRAPPC9 were associated with higher bovine milk SCC and lower IL6. Altogether, our findings suggested that the SNPs of TRAPPC9 and CD4 genes could be useful genetic markers in selection for milk protein improvement and mastitis resistance phenotypic traits in dairy cattle. The CCSC-I used in current study is proposed to be validate in different and large population of dairy cattle not only in China but also in other countries. Moreover, our analyses recommended that besides SCC and SCS, the association of genetic markers could also be considered with the serum cytokines (IL-6, IFN-γ) while selecting genetically mastitis resistance dairy cattle.

Genetic polymorphisms in immune- and inflammation-associated genes and their association with bovine mastitis resistance/susceptibility

“…The detection of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes regulating the mammary gland's innate immunity in response to pathogens has attracted considerable attention within the field of genetic markers in mastitis control research (51-55). Several immuneand inflammation-associated genes and their polymorphisms have been discovered for their association with bovine mastitis susceptibility/ resistance (33,(56)(57)(58)(59)(60). All the reported polymorphisms in immuneand inflammation-associated genes are summarized in Table 1.…”

“…Upon activation, TLRs further regulate nuclear factor-kB, which translocates into the nucleus and causes the mediation of proinflammatory signaling molecules (tumor necrosis factor-a (TNFa), IL-1b and IL-6, and IL-8) that are essential for the animal's local and systemic immune reactions (27,(29)(30)(31). It has been well-studied that serum cytokines, such as interferon, tumor necrosis factor, IL17, IL6, and IL4, have a key role in inflammatory circumstances, which suggests their possible role in bovine mastitis (32)(33)(34)(35). Furthermore, previous studies have also suggested that in addition to SCC and SCS, serum cytokines could also be considered indirect parameters in the control strategies against bovine mastitis (36)(37)(38).…”

“…So far, several genetic polymorphisms in inflammation-and immune-related genes have been identified for their possible association with mastitis resistance phenotypic traits (33,34,37,40,41,46,(48)(49)(50). In the current review, we discuss all the polymorphisms in immune-and inflammation-associated genes that are linked to mastitis resistance phenotypic traits (SCC, SCS, IL-6, IL8, IL17, and IFN-gamma).…”

Enhancing bovine immune, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory responses with vitamins, rumen-protected amino acids, and trace minerals to prevent periparturient mastitis

“…Mastitis, characterized by the inflammation of mammary glands (1,2), is intricately associated with immune suppression and an imbalance between free radicals and antioxidants within the animal's physiological framework (3)(4)(5). Dairy cows confront the challenge of negative energy balance (NEB) during the periparturient period, precipitating a cascade of detrimental effects such as reduced dry intake, metabolic stress, hormonal fluctuations, heightened oxidative stress, and compromised immune responses (6,7).…”

Editorial: Genetic markers identification for animal production and disease resistance

“…Various genetic approaches including RNA-sequencing ( Augustino et al, 2020 ; Khan et al, 2020 ; Liu et al, 2022 ), whole-genome sequencing, mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTL) ( Uemoto et al, 2021 ), candidate gene analysis ( Yang et al, 2016 ) and genome-wide association study (GWAS) ( Kai-Yuan et al ) ( Wang et al, 2022 ) have been utilized to identify fundamental genes or their polymorphisms correlated with animal production and disease resistance phenotypic traits in animals ( Ma et al, 2021 ; Khan et al, 2023 ). The utilization of markers for milk quality, production traits, disease resistance ( Khan et al, 2022 ; Yang et al, 2022 ), thermo-tolerance, fertility, and carcass quality in cattle plays a crucial role in enhancing their health and productivity ( Khan et al, 2021 ). These markers enable targeted selection and breeding programs, optimizing production and ensuring reduce infection risks in animals.…”