Genetic Polymorphisms of GSTM1 and GSTT1 Genes in Delhi and Comparison with other Indian and Global Populations

Abstract

The glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are involved in the metabolism of many xenobiotics, including an array of environmental carcinogens, pollutants, and drugs. Genetic polymorphisms in these genes may lead to interindividual variation in susceptibility to various diseases. In the present study, GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphisms were analysed using a multiplex polymerase chain reaction in 500 normal individuals from Delhi. The frequency of individuals with GSTM1 and GSTT1 null genotypes were 168 (33.6%) and 62 (12.4%) respectively, and 54(10.8%) were having homozygous null genotype for both the genes GSTM1 and GSTT1simultaneously. The studied population was compared with reported frequencies from other neighbouring state populations, as well as with those from other ethnic groups; Europeans, Blacks, and Asians. The prevalence of homozygous null GSTM1 genotype is significantly higher in Caucasians and Asians as compared to Indian population. The frequency of GSTT1 homozygous null genotypes is also significantly higher in blacks and Asians. We believe that due to large number of individuals in this study, our results are reliable estimates of the frequencies of the GSTM1, GSTT1 in Delhi. It would provide a basic database for future clinical and genetic studies pertaining to susceptibility and inconsistency in the response and/or toxicity to drugs known to be the substrates for GSTs.

CAT, GPX1, MnSOD, GSTM1, GSTT1, andGSTP1Genetic Polymorphisms in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: A Case-Control Study

“…GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphisms were analysed using a multiplex polymerase chain reaction as previously described [ 16 ].…”

Combined Genetic Biomarkers Confer Susceptibility to Risk of Urothelial Bladder Carcinoma in a Saudi Population

“…Inherited loss of both alleles of GSTM1 or GSTT1 is a risk factor for tumors such as bladder, breast, oral, lung, and head and neck cancers (http://www.cancerindex.org/geneweb) [13, 14]. …”

CYP1A1 (Ile462Val), CYP1B1 (Ala119Ser and Val432Leu), GSTM1 (null), and GSTT1 (null) Polymorphisms and Bladder Cancer Risk in a Turkish Population

“…They catalyze reactions with common carcinogens that have been claimed to involve in bladder cancer (BC) etiology such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and aminobiphenyls (Boffetta et al, 1997;Feng et al, 2002). Single nucleotide polymorphisms and inherited loss of both alleles are common in these gene superfamilies with varying frequencies among different populations (Senthilkumar and Thirumurugan, 2012;Sharma et al, 2012;Zhou et al, 2012). These genetic alterations lead to a change or complete loss in activity of the corresponding enzymes and result in impaired cellular detoxification which give rise to a loss in cancer prevention mechanisms.…”