Genetic polymorphisms and head and neck cancer risk (Review)

Abstract

Abstract. The aim of this report is to review and evaluate, in a comprehensive manner, the published data regarding the contribution of genetic polymorphisms to risk of head and neck cancer (HNC). All relevant studies available in MEDLINE and published before July 2007 were identified. Studies carried out in humans that compared HNC patients with at least 1 standard control group were considered for analysis. Two hundred and eighteen publications and 3 published metaanalyses were identified. Seventy-five (34%) studies were conducted in Asian, 72 (33%) in American, and 68 (31%) in European countries. The most widely studied gene was GSTM1 (58 studies), followed by GSTT1 (42 studies), GSTP1 (codon 105, 22 studies) and p53 (codon 72, 20 studies). GSTM1, GSTT1, GSTP1, XRCC1 codons 194 and 399, and CYP1A1 codon 462 were examined by meta-analyses, and significant relations were found between the GSTM1-null genotype and an increased risk for HNC. In addition, increased risk for HNC was associated consistently with the ALDH2*1/*2, p53 codon 72 Pro/Pro and EPHX1 codon 113 Tyr/His and His/His genotypes. Cohort studies that simultaneously consider multiple genetic and environmental factors possibly involved in carcinogenesis of the head and neck are needed to ascertain not only the relative contribution of these factors to tumor development but also the contributions of their putative interactions. IntroductionHead and neck cancers (HNCs), including cancers of the oral cavity, pharynx and larynx, represent the 6 most frequent cancers and the seventh leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. There are approximately 540,000 new cases and 271,000 deaths annually worldwide for a mortality of approximately 50% (1). HNCs represent approximately 3% of all cancers in the United States whereas these cancers are much more prevalent in other areas of the world, such as India, Thailand and Brazil (1,2). Standard therapeutic approaches, which focus on surgery, irradiation and chemotherapy (alone or in combination), have been modified over the last 30 years; however, the overall survival of HNC patients has not improved substantially. For patients affected by early-stage cancers with a high disease-specific survival rate, secondary tumors represent the most common cause of death (3). Furthermore, patients with advanced cancers have a high risk of primary treatment failure and death.Development of HNC is a multifactorial process associated with a variety of risk factors. Major risk factors in developed countries include smoking tobacco and drinking alcohol, and chewing betel quid (4,5). For tobacco smoking, a dose-response trend has been reported. Relative risks of developing laryngeal and oropharyngeal cancers are 1.8 and 1.3, respectively, for persons who smoke ≤30 cigarettes per day and 7.7 and 2.9, respectively, for persons who smoke >30 cigarettes per day compared with non-smokers (6). Alcohol consumption is also linked to increased risk of HNCs. For persons who consume >4 drinks (=47.5 g of pure ethanol) per day, the relati...

Análise dos genes GSTM1 e GSTT1 em pacientes com câncer de cabeça e pescoço

“…Results of meta-analysis demonstrate the association of the GSTM1 null genotype and the increase of risk for the development of head and neck cancer. [38][39][40][41] In a multivariate logistic analysis, we have evidenced that the GSTT1/GSTM1*0 ([ ]/ [-]) combined genotype provides a greater susceptibility for the development of spinocellular carcinoma of head and neck, similar results to those found by other authors. 7,23,42,43 Various studies could not correlate the null GSTT1 genotype with the head and neck cancer, 26,27,43 which was a result found in our study.…”

Genetic polymorphisms in key DNA repair genes and risk of head and neck cancer in a Chinese population

“…Several functional genetic variants, particularly nonsynonymous polymorphisms, have been identified in the XPD, XPG, APE1, XRCC1 and ADPRT genes, and have shown a relationship with DRC variation and susceptibility to multiple cancers (14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26). Additionally, several reviews were also published to summarize the associations between functional variants of DNA repair genes and cancer risk, including HNC, and have provided meaningful results (17,20,26 …”

“…Additionally, several reviews were also published to summarize the associations between functional variants of DNA repair genes and cancer risk, including HNC, and have provided meaningful results (17,20,26 …”

Lack of Association Between CYP1A1 Polymorphisms and Risk of Bladder Cancer: a Meta-analysis

“…An initial study regarding the association between CYP1A1 variations and cancer risk was conducted by Kellerman et al in 1973(Kellermann et al, 1973, investigating the correlation between benzo[a]pyrene hydroxylase inducibility and bronchogenic carcinoma. Since then, numerous studies on CYP1A1 polymorphisms and various cancers have been conducted, including lung cancer (Ji et al, 2012), head and neck cancer (Hiyama et al, 2008), brain cancer (Wahid et al, 2013), and breast cancer (Sergentanis et al, 2010), among others (Dai et al, 2009). However, less attention has been paid on the relationship between CYP1A1 variations and BC, with only a few studies having been conducted and their conclusions remaining controversial (Bartsch et al, 2000).…”