Genetic polymorphism of merozoite surface protein 2 and prevalence of K76T pfcrt mutation in Plasmodium falciparum field isolates from Congolese children with asymptomatic infections

Koukouikila-Koussounda, Félix; Malonga, Vladimir; Mayengue, Pembé Issamou; Ndounga, Mathieu; Vouvoungui, Christevy; Ntoumi, Francine

doi:10.1186/1475-2875-11-105

Cited by 25 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(39 reference statements)

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“…Following the replacement of chloroquine with ASAQ or AL in 2006 for the treatment of uncomplicated malaria, the first study that reported the prevalence of malaria parasite infection was conducted in 2010 in a peri-urban area of southern Brazzaville [15], an area which has been characterized as highly endemic with perennial malaria transmission [37]. In this study, from April to June 2010, 313 children below 10 years of age enrolled in a cohort for malaria surveillance were screened for P. falciparum asymptomatic carriage using microscopy and PCR as diagnostic techniques.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this study, from April to June 2010, 313 children below 10 years of age enrolled in a cohort for malaria surveillance were screened for P. falciparum asymptomatic carriage using microscopy and PCR as diagnostic techniques. The reported prevalence of infection was 8.6 and 16% by microscopy and PCR, respectively [15]. In a prospective and longitudinal study conducted from January 2011 to December 2013 at University Hospital Centre of Brazzaville, 13,883 pregnant women were screened by microscopy at delivery for malaria parasite carriage and newborns from positive mothers were further screened.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A total of 8 published articles have been found, for which, different molecular markers have been used. The genes for the merozoite surface protein 1 and 2 have been used, msp2 alone has been used in four investigations [9, 15, 16, 34], msp1 and msp2 in one study [27], and microsatellites in two studies with one utilizing msp1 in addition to the microsatellite markers [11, 21]. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Malaria epidemiological research in the Republic of Congo

Koukouikila-Koussounda

Ntoumi

2016

Malar J

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BackgroundReliable and comprehensive information on the burden of malaria is critical for guiding national and international efforts in malaria control. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of published data and available information on malaria resulting from field studies/investigations conducted in the Republic of Congo (RoC) from 1992 to 2015, as baseline for assisting public health authorities and researchers to define future research priorities as well as interventions.MethodsThis review considers data from peer-reviewed articles and information from the National Malaria Control Programme reports, based on field investigations or samples collected from 1992 to 2015. Peer-reviewed papers were searched throughout online bibliographic databases PubMed, HINARI and Google Scholar using the following terms: “malaria”, “Congo”, “Brazzaville”, “prevalence”, “antimalarial”, “efficacy”, “falciparum”, “genetic”, “diversity”. Original articles and reviews were included and selection of relevant papers was made.ResultsTwenty-eight published articles were included in this review and two additional records from the National Malaria Control Programme were also considered. The majority of studies were conducted in Brazzaville and Pointe-Noire.ConclusionThe present systematic review reveals that number of studies have been conducted in the RoC with regard to malaria. However, their results cannot formally be generalized at the country level. This suggests a need for implementing regular multisite investigations and surveys that may be representative of the country, calling for the support and lead of the Ministry of Health.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Malaria epidemiological research in the Republic of Congo

Koukouikila-Koussounda

Ntoumi

2016

Malar J

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“…Increasing drug resistance of the parasites and insecticide resistance of the vector mosquitoes have made malaria control difficult, and there is a strong demand for an effective vaccine to contain this deadly disease. However, antigen polymorphism of many asexual stage vaccine candidates such as merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP1), MSP2, and MSP3 (Jordan et al, 2009; Koukouikila-Koussounda et al, 2012; Sakihama et al, 2001) hamper the development of vaccines effective against all parasite populations. Thus, successful interventions targeting different developmental stages will require better understanding of genetic variations of target antigens within and between parasite populations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic diversity of the Plasmodium falciparum apical membrane antigen I gene in parasite population from the China–Myanmar border area

Zhu

Zhao²,

Feng

et al. 2016

Infection, Genetics and Evolution

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To investigate the genetic diversity of the Plasmodium falciparum apical membrane antigen 1 (PfAMA1) gene in Southeast Asia, we determined PfAMA1 sequences from 135 field isolates collected from the China-Myanmar border area and compared them with 956 publically available PfAMA1 sequences from seven global P. falciparum populations. This analysis revealed high genetic diversity of PfAMA1 in global P. falciparum populations with a total of 229 haplotypes identified. The genetic diversity of PfAMA1 gene from the China-Myanmar border is not evenly distributed in the different domains of this gene. Sequence diversity in PfAMA1 from the China-Myanmar border is lower than that observed in Thai, African and Oceanian populations, but higher than that in the South American population. This appeared to correlate well with the levels of endemicity of different malaria-endemic regions, where hyperendemic regions favor genetic cross of the parasite isolates and generation of higher genetic diversity. Neutrality tests show significant departure from neutrality in the entire ectodomain and Domain I of PfAMA1 in the China-Myanmar border parasite population. We found evidence supporting a substantial continent-wise genetic structure among P. falciparum populations, with the highest genetic differentiation detected between the China-Myanmar border and the South American populations. Whereas no alleles were unique to a specific region, there were considerable geographical differences in major alleles and their frequencies, highlighting further necessity to include more PfAMA1 alleles in vaccine designs.

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“…In three studies in Kinshasa or neighboring Republic of the Congo, wild-type CVMNK haplotype prevalence was 4-12%, [15][16][17] and only 3% of isolates collected in Luanda, Angola in 2007 harbored wildtype pfcrt. 9 We note that, consistent with these studies, prevalence of wild-type parasites was lower than the national average in Kinshasa and Bas-Congo provinces ( Figure 1A).…”

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confidence: 99%

A Cross-Sectional Survey of Plasmodium falciparum pfcrt Mutant Haplotypes in the Democratic Republic of Congo

Antonia¹,

Taylor²,

Janko³

et al. 2014

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. In the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), artesunate-amodiaquine is first-line therapy for falciparum malaria; little is known about the prevalence of molecular markers of parasite drug resistance. Across the DRC, we genotyped 166 parasites in Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine resistance transporter ( pfcrt) using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing. Of these parasites, 73 (44%) parasites were pure wild-type CVMNK, 55 (31%) parasites were chloroquine-resistant CVIET, 35 (21.1%) parasites were mixed CVMNK and CVIET, and 3 parasites were other genotypes. Ninety-two infections (55.4%) harbored the pfcrt K76T substitution that is highly correlated with chloroquine failure. The amodiaquine-resistant SVMNT haplotype was absent. Geographically, pfcrt haplotypes were not clearly clustered. Chloroquine accounted for 19.4% of antimalarial use, and amodiaquine accounted for 15.3% of antimalarial use; there were no associations between drug use and mutant haplotype prevalence. In the DRC, our molecular survey indicates that resistance to chloroquine is substantial but that resistance to amodiaquine is absent. These contrasting findings highlight the need for molecular surveillance of drug resistance to inform malaria control policies.Chloroquine (CQ)-resistant Plasmodium falciparum parasites are widespread and undermined prior efforts to control falciparum malaria. Resistance is conferred by polymorphisms in the P. falciparum CQ resistance transporter (PfCRT) 1 encoded by the pfcrt gene. Clinically, the K76T substitution elevates the risk of treatment failure sevenfold.

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Genetic polymorphism of merozoite surface protein 2 and prevalence of K76T pfcrt mutation in Plasmodium falciparum field isolates from Congolese children with asymptomatic infections

Cited by 25 publications

References 30 publications

Malaria epidemiological research in the Republic of Congo

Malaria epidemiological research in the Republic of Congo

Genetic diversity of the Plasmodium falciparum apical membrane antigen I gene in parasite population from the China–Myanmar border area

A Cross-Sectional Survey of Plasmodium falciparum pfcrt Mutant Haplotypes in the Democratic Republic of Congo

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