Genetic polymorphism of 15 STR loci in central western Colombia

Genetic diversity, structure, and admixture in Mayans from Guatemala and Mexico based on 15 short tandem repeats

“…This project was approved by the Ethical Research Committee at the Fundación de Antropología Forense de Guatemala (https://fafg.org/index.html). In order to perform a global analysis of the Mayan populations, we collected a large genotype STR dataset ( n = 4408) including the following populations: (1) Native Americans from Mayan origin: Poqomchi, Achi, Ixil (Stephenson‐Ojea et al, 2019), Kakchiquel, Kiché, Mam, Kechi (Martínez‐González et al, 2016), Tepehua (González‐Martín et al, 2008), Huasteco (Barrot et al, 2005), Mixe (Quinto‐Cortés et al, 2010), Chol (Sánchez et al, 2005), Tzeltal, Tzotzil, Lacandón, Tojolabal, Mazatecos, Maya from Quintana Roo (Rangel‐Villalobos et al, 2014), Maya from Yucatán, and Maya from Campeche (Ibarra‐Rivera et al, 2008); (2) Latin American (admixed) populations: Ladinos from Guatemala (Stephenson‐Ojea et al, 2019), north of Mexico (Martínez‐González et al, 2005), west of Mexico, south of Mexico (Rubi‐Castellanos, Anaya‐Palafox, et al, 2009a; Rubi‐Castellanos, Martínez‐Cortés, et al, 2009b), Honduras (Matamoros et al, 2008), Costa Rica (Rodríguez et al, 2007), Colombia (Porras et al, 2008), Venezuela (Bernal et al, 2006), and Brazil (Fridman et al, 2008); and (3) Ancestral populations from Europe (Coudray et al, 2007; Lopes et al, 2009), Africa (Alves et al, 2005), and Asia (Chen et al, 2012) (Table 1). For interpopulation purposes, only those with representative sample sizes were employed ( n ≥ 36).…”

“…The implementation of STRs in forensic casework requires validation in populations, which includes the estimation of different statistical parameters, such as allele frequencies, heterozygosity (Het), power of discrimination (PD), power of exclusion (PE), polymorphism informativity content (PIC), typical paternity index (TPI), and the assessment of the Hardy–Weinberg and linkage equilibrium agreement, among others (Butler, 2014). Therefore, many STR population databases have been generated worldwide during the last few decades (Alves et al, 2005; Chen et al, 2012; Fridman et al, 2008; Lopes et al, 2009; Martínez‐Espin et al, 2006; Matamoros et al, 2008; Porras et al, 2008; Quinto‐Cortés et al, 2010; Rangel‐Villalobos et al, 2014; Rodríguez et al, 2007; Stephenson‐Ojea et al, 2019). This genetic information is also worthy for anthropological studies such as the analysis of the origin, structure, admixture, and relationships between human populations (Bosch et al, 2000; Kraaijenbrink et al, 2014; Sahoo & Kashyap, 2005).…”

“…In fact, a number of Guatemalan Mayan groups remains unstudied, and the existing STR databases have not been fully exploited to obtain relevant anthropological information. For this reason, we included 39 STR genotype databases (AmpFlSTR™ Identifiler™) from Mayan and Latin American populations for anthropological evaluation (Alves et al, 2005; Barrot et al, 2005; Bernal et al, 2006; Chen et al, 2012; Coudray et al, 2007; Fridman et al, 2008; González‐Martín et al, 2008; Ibarra‐Rivera et al, 2008; Lopes et al, 2009; Martínez‐González et al, 2005; Martínez‐González et al, 2016; Matamoros et al, 2008; Porras et al, 2008; Quinto‐Cortés et al, 2010; Rangel‐Villalobos et al, 2014; Rodríguez et al, 2007; Rubi‐Castellanos, Anaya‐Palafox, et al, 2009a; Rubi‐Castellanos, Martínez‐Cortés, et al, 2009b; Sánchez et al, 2005; Stephenson‐Ojea et al, 2019). In this work, we report 513 STR genotypes from 11 different Guatemalan Mayan groups, including the non‐previously studied Akateko Mayan group.…”