Genetic polymorphism and evolution in parthenogenetic animals

Suomalainen, Esko; Saura, Anssi; Lokki, Juhani; Teeri, Teemu H.

doi:10.1007/bf00253887

Cited by 63 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The species consists of not one, but hundreds or more likely thousands of different clones. While allozyme studies have revealed genotypic variation in other asexual taxa (Suomalainen and Saura, 1973;Vepsalainen and Jarvinen, 1979;Vrijenhoek, 1979;Mitter eta!., 1979) D. pulex does show unusually great clonal diversity. This diversity supports the hypothesis that asexuality resulted from the spread of a sex-limited meiosis suppressor.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clonal diversity in populations of Daphnia pulex reproducing by obligate parthenogenesis

1983

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SUMMARYAllozyme studies of Daphnia pulex populations in southern Ontario revealed marked Hardy-Weinberg deviations, complete gametic phase imbalance, and high heterozygosity values. These genotypic characteristics reflect the loss of sexual reproduction; individuals reproduce by obligate parthenogenesis. Thirtynine clones were identified in the twenty-one habitats surveyed; a few of these clones retained the ability to produce male offspring. Several clones were present in many habitats, but most of the thirty-nine clones were found in only a single pond. The large genetic distances between coexisting clones suggested that in situ mutational divergence was not the source of within habitat clonal diversity. Ecological differences between clones were suggested by distributional patterns and by temporal surveys of clone frequencies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clonal diversity in populations of Daphnia pulex reproducing by obligate parthenogenesis

1983

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“…These genetic constraints may account for the rarity of parthenogenesis. Nonetheless, the study of invertebrate parthenogens has shown consistent patterns of parthenogens being found in disturbed, glaciated regions where male density may be low or where levels of competition and parasitism are lower (Suomalainen & Saura, 1973;Cuellar, 1977;Suomalainen eta!., 1987).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Spontaneous and hybrid origins of parthenogenesis in Campeloma decisum (freshwater prosobranch snail)

Johnson

1992

Heredity

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A previous study hypothesized that parthenogenesis arose spontaneously in the freshwater prosobranch snail, Campeloma decisum, and was subsequently maintained by strong sterility selection against males caused by a digenetic trematode, Leucochioridiomorpha constantiae. The present study examines whether parthenogenesis arose spontaneously or by hybridization between genetically distinct sexual ancestors. Genetic variation was examined at 19 enzyme loci in 11 parthenogenetic and seven sexual populations. Parthenogens from North Carolina and Wisconsin are homozygous at all loci, which suggests that parthenogenesis arose spontaneously in the absence of hybridization. Parthenogens from other northern populations are heterozygous at numerous loci and these individuals have gene combinations found in distinct sexual lineages. These findings suggest that parthenogenesis arose both spontaneously, followed by strong selection of these families from parasitic castration of males, and by hybridization. Low levels of clonal diversity occurred within and among parthenogenetic populations and clonal diversity is derived from patterns of genetic diversity present in sexual populations. Lastly, fixed allelic differences between southeastern and southern sexual individuals suggest that these areas are inhabited by cryptic species.

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“…The expected and observed degrees of heterozygosity of the current 'sexual' population and observed values of the current asexual populations were obtained from Suomalainen & Saura (1973) and Saura et al (1976). No reliable estimates of the expected degrees of heterozygosity could be given for the polyploid races.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Enzyme polymorphism was described in three chromosomal races of the weevil Otiorhynchus scaber by Suomalainen & Saura (1973) and Saura eta!. (1976).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evolution of parthenogenesis in the Otiorhynchus scaber complex

Tomiuk

Loeschcke

1992

Heredity

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A new approach for estimating genetic identity values was applied to a data set on allozyme variation in the weevil, Otiorhynchus scaber (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). This species complex contains sexuals and different races of polyploid asexuals. The results were used to reanalyse the phylogenetic relationship among races and to discuss the monophyletic versus the polyphyletic origin of parthenogenesis. A polyphyletic origin of parthenogenesis was suggested based on the assumption of hybridization between related species, and the extinction of an ancestral species. The genetic diversity among the different races was compared. A decreased number of new mutations with increased ploidy level was found among current populations. This correlation was explained by a lower evolutionary rate in polyploid asexual races than in diploid sexual races.

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Genetic polymorphism and evolution in parthenogenetic animals

Cited by 63 publications

References 15 publications

Clonal diversity in populations of Daphnia pulex reproducing by obligate parthenogenesis

Clonal diversity in populations of Daphnia pulex reproducing by obligate parthenogenesis

Spontaneous and hybrid origins of parthenogenesis in Campeloma decisum (freshwater prosobranch snail)

Evolution of parthenogenesis in the Otiorhynchus scaber complex

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