Genetic perspectives on forager‐farmer interaction in the Luangwa Valley of Zambia

Filippo, Cesare de; Heyn, Patricia; Barham, Lawrence; Stoneking, Mark; Pakendorf, Brigitte

doi:10.1002/ajpa.21155

Cited by 30 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…This filtering resulted in 13 populations overlapping between mtDNA and the NRY, and we refer to this dataset as the “AU‐NBZ dataset” (Supporting Information Table S2). The analysis of the intensity of the sex‐biased gene flow (ISBGF) included additional data from southern African populations for which both mtDNA and NRY haplogroup frequencies were previously published (Barbieri, Butthof, Bostoen, & Pakendorf, ; Coelho, Sequeira, Luiselli, Beleza, & Rocha, ; de Filippo, Heyn, Barham, Stoneking, & Pakendorf, ; Henn et al, ; Marks et al, ; Schlebusch et al, ), and we refer to this as the “SA dataset” (Supporting Information Table S3). The highly admixed Karretjie and Colesberg Coloured populations from South Africa were treated as Khoisan populations in this analysis as they are likely to be partly descended from Khoisan populations (see Schlebusch et al, ; Traill, ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic structure and sex‐biased gene flow in the history of southern African populations

Bajić

Barbieri

Hübner

et al. 2018

American J Phys Anthropol

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Objectives: We investigated the genetic history of southern African populations with a special focus on their paternal history. We reexamined previous claims that the Y-chromosome haplogroup E1b1b (E-M293) was brought to southern Africa by pastoralists from eastern Africa, and investigated patterns of sex-biased gene flow in southern Africa. Materials and methods:We analyzed previously published complete mtDNA genome sequences and 900 kb of NRY sequences from 23 populations from Namibia, Botswana, and Zambia, as well as haplogroup frequencies from a large sample of southern African populations and 23 newly genotyped Y-linked STR loci for samples assigned to haplogroup E1b1b. Results:Our results support an eastern African origin for Y-chromosome haplogroup E1b1b (E-M293); however, its current distribution in southern Africa is not strongly associated with pastoralism, suggesting more complex demographic events and/or changes in subsistence practices in this region. The Bantu expansion in southern Africa had a notable genetic impact and was probably a rapid, male-dominated expansion. Our finding of a significant increase in the intensity of the sex-biased gene flow from north to south may reflect changes in the social dynamics between Khoisan and Bantu groups over time.Conclusions: Our study shows that the population history of southern Africa has been complex, with different immigrating groups mixing to different degrees with the autochthonous populations. The Bantu expansion led to heavily sex-biased admixture as a result of interactions between Khoisan females and Bantu males, with a geographic gradient which may reflect changes in the social dynamics between Khoisan and Bantu groups over time.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic structure and sex‐biased gene flow in the history of southern African populations

Bajić

Barbieri

Hübner

et al. 2018

American J Phys Anthropol

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“…The level of admixture differs considerably among populations; in particular, substantial proportions of mtDNA haplogroups L0d and/or L0k are observed in the pastoralist Kuvale from southwestern Angola [21], in the Fwe of southwestern Zambia [20], and in the Zulu and Xhosa from South Africa [24]. In contrast, in populations from eastern Zambia, Zimbabwe, and Mozambique these characteristic autochthonous haplogroups are found at a frequency of at most 3% [19], [25], [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Migration and Interaction in a Contact Zone: mtDNA Variation among Bantu-Speakers in Southern Africa

et al. 2014

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Bantu speech communities expanded over large parts of sub-Saharan Africa within the last 4000–5000 years, reaching different parts of southern Africa 1200–2000 years ago. The Bantu languages subdivide in several major branches, with languages belonging to the Eastern and Western Bantu branches spreading over large parts of Central, Eastern, and Southern Africa. There is still debate whether this linguistic divide is correlated with a genetic distinction between Eastern and Western Bantu speakers. During their expansion, Bantu speakers would have come into contact with diverse local populations, such as the Khoisan hunter-gatherers and pastoralists of southern Africa, with whom they may have intermarried. In this study, we analyze complete mtDNA genome sequences from over 900 Bantu-speaking individuals from Angola, Zambia, Namibia, and Botswana to investigate the demographic processes at play during the last stages of the Bantu expansion. Our results show that most of these Bantu-speaking populations are genetically very homogenous, with no genetic division between speakers of Eastern and Western Bantu languages. Most of the mtDNA diversity in our dataset is due to different degrees of admixture with autochthonous populations. Only the pastoralist Himba and Herero stand out due to high frequencies of particular L3f and L3d lineages; the latter are also found in the neighboring Damara, who speak a Khoisan language and were foragers and small-stock herders. In contrast, the close cultural and linguistic relatives of the Herero and Himba, the Kuvale, are genetically similar to other Bantu-speakers. Nevertheless, as demonstrated by resampling tests, the genetic divergence of Herero, Himba, and Kuvale is compatible with a common shared ancestry with high levels of drift, while the similarity of the Herero, Himba, and Damara probably reflects admixture, as also suggested by linguistic analyses.

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“…Within the past ∼4000 years, Bantu speakers from West Africa practicing agricultural subsistence migrated throughout subSaharan Africa and subsequently admixed with indigenous populations (Ehret 1998; Tishkoff et al 2009). This expansion greatly influenced genomewide patterns of genetic variation in modern African populations, an impact that can be observed readily in studies of mitochondrial loci (Soodyall et al 1996; Behar et al 2008; Quintana Murci et al 2008; Castri et al 2009), Ychromosome DNA (Poloni et al 1997; Hammer et al 2001), or both (Passarino et al 1998; Wood et al 2005; Tishkoff et al 2007, 2009; Pilkington et al 2008; Coelho et al 2009; de Filippo et al 2009). A classic example of positive natural selection in African populations involves a singlebase mutation upstream of FY , the gene encoding the Duffy blood group system.…”

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Genetic Structure in African Populations: Implications for Human Demographic History

Lambert¹,

Tishkoff²

2009

Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology

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The continent of Africa is the source of all anatomically modern humans that dispersed across the planet during the past 100,000 years. As such, African populations are characterized by high genetic diversity and low levels of linkage disequilibrium (LD) among loci, as compared to populations from other continents. African populations also possess a number of genetic adaptations that have evolved in response to the diverse climates, diets, geographic environments, and infectious agents that characterize the African continent. Recently, Tishkoff et al. (2009) performed a genomewide analysis of substructure based on DNA from 2432 Africans from 121 geographically diverse populations. The authors analyzed patterns of variation at1327 nuclear microsatellite and insertion/deletion markers and identified 14 ancestral population clusters that correlate well with self described ethnicity and shared cultural or linguistic properties. The results suggest that African populations may have maintained a large and subdivided population structure throughout much of their evolutionary history. In this chapter, we synthesize recent work documenting evidence of African population structure and discuss the implications for inferences about evolutionary history in both African populations and anatomically modern humans as a whole.Africa is a continent of considerable genetic, linguistic, cultural, and phenotypic diversity. It contains more than 2000 distinct ethnolinguistic groups, speaking languages that constitute nearly a third of the world's languages (http://www.ethnologue.com/). The populations within Africa practice a wide range of subsistence patterns, including various modes of agriculture, pastoralism, and hunting and gathering. Africans also live in climates that range from the world's largest desert (the Sahara) and second largest tropical rainforest (the Congo Basin) to savanna, swamps, and mountain highlands. This dramatic range in culture, geography, and diet has given rise to a complex history across the African continent, characterized by high levels of both genetic and phenotypic variation.Africa is also the source of all modern humans, making its populations the oldest and most genetically diverse among the world's human populations. According to the Recent African Origin (RAO) model, anatomically modern humans originated in Africa and then migrated to all other regions of the globe within the past ∼100,000 years (Tishkoff and Verrelli 2003). The transition to modern humans within Africa was not sudden. Rather, the paleobiological record indicates an irregular mosaic of modern, archaic, and regional traits occurring over a sub stantial period of time and across a broad geographic range (McBrearty and Brooks 2000). The earliest known suite of morphological traits associated with modern humans appears in fossil remains from Ethiopia that are dated to ∼150-190 thousand years ago (kya) (White et al. 2003; Correspondence to: S.A. Tishkoff, tishkoff@mail.med.upenn.edu. Patterns of genetic variation in modern ...

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Genetic perspectives on forager‐farmer interaction in the Luangwa Valley of Zambia

Cited by 30 publications

References 73 publications

Genetic structure and sex‐biased gene flow in the history of southern African populations

Genetic structure and sex‐biased gene flow in the history of southern African populations

Migration and Interaction in a Contact Zone: mtDNA Variation among Bantu-Speakers in Southern Africa

Genetic Structure in African Populations: Implications for Human Demographic History

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