Genetic organization of complement receptor-related genes in the mouse.

Kingsmore, Stephen F.; Vik, D P; Kurtz, Caroline B.; Leroy, Philippe; Tack, Brian F.; Weis, John H.; Seldin, Michael F.

doi:10.1084/jem.169.4.1479

Cited by 57 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The gene cluster of the human SCR proteins is located in a single region, 1q32 (3,4). However, in mice, gene translocation has allowed the cluster to separate to two distinct regions (43)(44)(45). In addition, the gene regulatory profile of DAF and MCP appears to be unique compared with that of humans (46,47).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Chicken Membrane-Associated Complement Regulatory Protein: Molecular Cloning and Functional Characterization

Inoue

Fukui

Nomura

et al. 2001

The Journal of Immunology

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A cDNA encoding a membrane-associated complement (C) regulatory protein was identified here for the first time in an oviparous vertebrate, chicken. This protein, named Cremp, possessed five short consensus repeats (SCRs) and one SCR-like domain followed by a transmembrane domain and a cytoplasmic tail. SCR1/SCR2 of Cremp were 43.6% identical with SCR2/SCR3 of human decay-accelerating factor (CD55), and SCR3/SCR4 were 45.3% identical with those of human membrane cofactor protein (CD46). Cremp is likely to be an ancestral hybrid protein of human decay-accelerating factor and membrane cofactor protein rather than a homolog of rodent C receptor 1-related protein y, which structurally resembles human CR1 (CD35). Chinese hamster ovary cells transfected with Cremp were efficiently protected from chicken C but not from human or rabbit C in both classical and alternative pathways. Thus, chicken Cremp is a membrane C regulator for cell protection against homologous C. Cremp mRNA was seen as a doublet comprised of a faint band of 2.2 kb and a thick band of 3.0 kb on RNA blotting analysis. An Ab against chicken Cremp recognized a single band of 46.8 kDa on immunoblotting. mRNA and protein of Cremp were ubiquitously expressed in all chicken organs tested. Minute amounts of dimer were present in some tissues. Surface expression of Cremp was confirmed by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence analysis. These results suggested that even in nonmammals a C regulatory membrane protein with ubiquitous tissue distribution should be a prerequisite for protection of host cells from homologous C attack.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Chicken Membrane-Associated Complement Regulatory Protein: Molecular Cloning and Functional Characterization

Inoue

Fukui

Nomura

et al. 2001

The Journal of Immunology

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“…DBY has an X-homologue, DBX, located on Xp11, which escapes X-inactivation and has 91.7% sequence identity at the protein level in humans. Slightly different from the human DBY gene, mouse Dby has a structural homolog called Ddx3x on the X chromosome and an autosomal homolog, D1Pas1, on mouse chromosome 1 [8,9]. Furthermore, the spermatogenesis-specific function of Dby is not obvious in mice when compared with humans [10].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of Dby mRNA in early development of male mouse zygotes

Yao¹,

Xu²,

Gong³

et al. 2010

Asian J Androl

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Ejaculated mammalian spermatozoa contain a complex yet specific population of mRNA. However, the possible roles that mRNA has in early zygotic and embryonic development remain unclear. We found that Dby mRNA is selectively retained in capacitated mouse spermatozoa, and is transferred into the oocyte during fertilization by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction even though no DBY protein expression is detected. The cellular location of Dby mRNA is seen in the post-acrosome region, and it comprises nearly half of the mouse spermatozoa in in situ hybridization. In contrast, transcripts of the control gene, Smcy, are not detected in capacitated mouse spermatozoa, although the H-Y antigen encoded by Smcy is expressed on the surface of the spermatozoa. In our microinjection experiment, the zygotic development rate of the as-Dby male pronucleus injection group was significantly lower than that of the as-Smcy male pronucleus injection group (35.9% vs. 95%, P = 0.001) and the as-Dby female pronucleus injection group (35.9% vs. 93.8%, P = 0.001). The rate of male-developed zygotes was also lower than that of the as-Smcy male pronucleus injection group (17.4% vs. 57.9%, P = 0.002) and the as-Dby female pronucleus injection group (17.4% vs. 54.1%, P = 0.002). Thus, we conclude that Dby mRNA is selectively retained in capacitated mouse spermatozoa, and it has an important role in the early zygotic development of male mouse zygotes. This might imply that spermatozoa mRNA is involved in early zygotic and embryonic stages of reproduction.

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“…Loci of each group form a compact cluster, and, in the human genome, the group 1 cluster and the group 2 loci are also located in proximity, forming a RCA gene cluster (20)(21)(22). Genomic arrangement of the RCA genes and their clustering are diverse among species analyzed to date, such as mice (23,24), chicken (25,26), frog (27), and teleost, which is the most common group of the ray-finned bony fish (28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A CD46-like Molecule Functional in Teleost Fish Represents an Ancestral Form of Membrane-Bound Regulators of Complement Activation

Tsujikura

Nagasawa

Ichiki

et al. 2015

The Journal of Immunology

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In the complement system, the regulators of complement activation (RCA) play crucial roles in controlling excessive complement activation and in protecting host cell from misdirected attack of complement. Several members of RCA family have been cloned from cyclostome and bony fish species and classified into soluble and membrane-bound type as in mammalian RCA factors. Complement-regulatory functions have been described only for soluble RCA of lamprey and barred sand bass; however, little is known on the biological function of the membrane-bound RCA proteins in the lower vertebrates. In this study, a membrane-bound RCA protein, designated teleost complement-regulatory membrane protein (Tecrem), was cloned and characterized for its complement-regulatory roles. Carp Tecrem, an ortholog of a zebrafish type 2 RCA, ZCR1, consists of four short consensus repeat modules, a serine/threonine/proline-rich domain, a transmembrane region, and a cytoplasmic domain, from the N terminus, as does mammalian CD46. Tecrem showed a ubiquitous mRNA expression in carp tissues, agreeing well with the putative regulatory role in complement activation. A recombinant Chinese hamster ovary cell line bearing carp Tecrem showed a significantly higher tolerance against lytic activity of carp complement and less deposition of C3-S, the major C3 isotypes acting on the target cell, than control Chinese hamster ovary (mock transfectant). Anti-Tecrem mAb enhanced the depositions of carp C3 and two C4 isotypes on autologous erythrocytes. Thus, the present findings provide the evidence of complement regulation by a membrane-bound group 2 RCA in bony fish, implying the host–cell protection is an evolutionarily conserved mechanism in regulation of the complement system.

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Genetic organization of complement receptor-related genes in the mouse.

Cited by 57 publications

References 14 publications

A Novel Chicken Membrane-Associated Complement Regulatory Protein: Molecular Cloning and Functional Characterization

A Novel Chicken Membrane-Associated Complement Regulatory Protein: Molecular Cloning and Functional Characterization

The role of Dby mRNA in early development of male mouse zygotes

A CD46-like Molecule Functional in Teleost Fish Represents an Ancestral Form of Membrane-Bound Regulators of Complement Activation

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