Genetic mechanisms underlying evolution in Crinum.

Raina, S. N.

doi:10.1508/cytologia.43.575

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Certain genera exhibit great karyotypic stability, with low frequency of polyploidy [e.g., Crinum L. (Jones and Smith, 1967;Raina, 1978); Hippeastrum Herbert (Naranjo and Andrada, 1975)]. Similar chromosome morphology among the species of such genera is characteristic.…”

Section: Results-a Somatic Chromosome Number Of 2n = 46 Is Characterimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The origins of the polyploids (i.e., whether auto-or alloploid) are inconclusive (attempts to secure meiotic figures have been unsuccessful). But changes in chromosome morphology among the species has been extensive enough that a general karyotypic formula cannot be constructed, as has been done for Crinum (Jones and Smith, 1967;Raina, 1978) and Hippeastrum (Naranjo and Andrada, 1975). Chromosomal symmetry has classically been cited as evidence of karyotypic evolution (Levitsky, 1931;Stebbins, 1950Stebbins, , 1971, i.e., karyotype of greatest symmetry in a particular phylogeny is the most primitive, and that of least symmetry, the more derived.…”

Section: Results-a Somatic Chromosome Number Of 2n = 46 Is Characterimentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chromosome Cytology of Eucharis, Caliphruria, and Urceolina (Amaryllidaceae)

Meerow

1987

American Journal of Botany

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JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org. ABSTRACTKaryotypes are presented for 19 taxa of Eucharis, Caliphruria, and Urceolina, a monophyletic group of Andean Amaryllidaceae within "infrafamily" Pancratioidinae Traub. All three genera are characterized by 2n = 46, the most common somatic number occurring in the "infrafamily." Incidences of polyploidy are low. Only two tetraploid (2n = 92) species of Eucharis are so far known, E. bouchei and E. bonplandii, the northernmost species of E. subg. Eucharis. The 2n = 68 karyotype of E. amazonica is interpreted as triploid-derived (3x -1). Chromosomal heteromorphism is reported for C. subedentata. Karyotype data is analyzed with principal component analysis and unweighted pairgroup cluster analysis. In a number of cases, phenetic relationships among the karyotypes correlate with phenetic and cladistic relationships based on morphological data. Karyotype evolution among the three genera is discussed in the context of classical theories of karyotypic symmetry. Stability of chromosome number in Eucharis and related genera suggests that chromosomal evolution has proceeded via nonreciprocal interchanges between chromosomes and infrachromosomal structural change. In at least one case (E. bakeriana), rapid sympatric speciation may have been vectored by chromosomal change. , 1963; Meerow, 1986), ecologically specialized to the understory of primary, rarely secondary, tropical rain forest below 2,000 m elevation. All three genera have petiolate leaves, and occur in edaphic situations of high fertility (Meerow, 1986). The genera separate on the basis of perianth, staminal, pollen, stigma, and seed morphology. As a group they represent a distinct tribal assemblage within "infrafamily" Pancratioidinae Traub (1957, 1963), a subfamily delimited by various patterns of staminal connation, a frequent somatic chromosome number of 2n = 46, and an Andean center of diversity (Meerow, 1985(Meerow, , 1986(Meerow, , 1987. The species are rare in nature, endemism is high, and several species in each genus are undoubtedly close to extinction. Eucharis is the largest and most widely ' EUCHARIS PLANCHON & LINDEN, Caliphruria Herbert and Urceolina Reichenbach form a monophyletic group of neotropical Amaryllidaceae (Traub

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Section: Results-a Somatic Chromosome Number Of 2n = 46 Is Characterimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Results-a Somatic Chromosome Number Of 2n = 46 Is Characterimentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromosome Cytology of Eucharis, Caliphruria, and Urceolina (Amaryllidaceae)

Meerow

1987

American Journal of Botany

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“…Two major trends characterize amaryllidaceous karyotype evolution (Meerow, 1984a). Certain genera exhibit great karyotypic stability, with low frequency of polyploidy [e.g., Crinum L. (Jones and Smith, 1967;Raina, 1978); Hippeastrum Herbert (Naranjo and Andrada, 1975)]. Similar chromosome morphology among the species of such genera is characteristic.…”

Section: Iiiiiiiii·~····~:~~···mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The origins of the polyploids (i.e., whether auto-or alloploid) are inconclusive (attempts to secure meiotic figures have been unsuccessful). But changes in chromosome morphology among the species has been extensive enough that a general karyotypic formula cannot be constructed, as has been done for Crinum (Jones and Smith, 1967;Raina, 1978) and Hippeastrum (Naranjo and Andrada, 1975). Chromosomal symmetry has classically been cited as evidence ofkaryotypic evolution (Levitsky, 1931;Stebbins, 1950Stebbins, , 1971, i.e., karyotype of greatest symmetry in a particular phylogeny is the most primitive, and that of least symmetry, the more derived.…”

Section: Iiiiiiiii·~····~:~~···mentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromosome Cytology of Eucharis, Caliphruria, and Urceolina (Amaryllidaceae)

Meerow

1987

American J of Botany

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Karyotypes are presented for 19 taxa of Eucharis, Caliphruria, and Urceolina, a monophyletic group of Andean Amaryllidaceae within “infrafamily” Pancratioidinae Traub. All three genera are characterized by 2n = 46, the most common somatic number occurring in the “infrafamily.” Incidences of polyploidy are low. Only two tetraploid (2n = 92) species of Eucharis are so far known, E. bouchei and E. bonplandii, the northernmost species of E. subg. Eucharis. The 2n = 68 karyotype of E. amazonica is interpreted as triploid‐derived (3x – 1). Chromosomal heteromorphism is reported for C. subedentata. Karyotype data is analyzed with principal component analysis and unweighted pairgroup cluster analysis. In a number of cases, phenetic relationships among the karyotypes correlate with phenetic and cladistic relationships based on morphological data. Karyotype evolution among the three genera is discussed in the context of classical theories of karyotypic symmetry. Stability of chromosome number in Eucharis and related genera suggests that chromosomal evolution has proceeded via nonreciprocal interchanges between chromosomes and infrachromosomal structural change. In at least one case (E. bakeriana), rapid sympatric speciation may have been vectored by chromosomal change.

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Amaryllidaceae

Meerow¹,

Snijman²

1998

Flowering Plants · Monocotyledons

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Genetic mechanisms underlying evolution in Crinum.

Cited by 5 publications

References 4 publications

Chromosome Cytology of Eucharis, Caliphruria, and Urceolina (Amaryllidaceae)

Chromosome Cytology of Eucharis, Caliphruria, and Urceolina (Amaryllidaceae)

Chromosome Cytology of Eucharis, Caliphruria, and Urceolina (Amaryllidaceae)

Amaryllidaceae

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