Genetic mechanisms of salt stress responses in halophytes

Fan, Cunxian

doi:10.1080/15592324.2019.1704528

Cited by 25 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 134 publications

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“…Most of our knowledge of the genetic and physiological underpinnings of salt tolerance comes from crop species and plant model species that are generally not salt tolerant, with limited studies of highly salt‐tolerant plant species. Additionally, studies on the genetic basis of salt tolerance in halophytes have been limited to a small number of species, few of which are grasses (Fan, 2020; Mishra & Tanna, 2017). This is problematic because soil salinity affects agricultural fields worldwide, and breeding for increased tolerance in cereal crops, which are all grasses, has been slow.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybridization, polyploidy and clonality influence geographic patterns of diversity and salt tolerance in the model halophyte seashore paspalum (Paspalum vaginatum)

et al. 2020

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In plant species, variation in levels of clonality, ploidy and interspecific hybridization can interact to influence geographic patterns of genetic diversity. These factors commonly vary in plants that specialize on saline habitats (halophytes) and may play a role in how they adapt to salinity variation across their range. One such halophyte is the turfgrass and emerging genomic model system seashore paspalum (Paspalum vaginatum Swartz). To investigate how clonal propagation, ploidy variation, and interspecific hybridization vary across ecotypes and local salinity levels in wild P. vaginatum, we employed genotyping-by-sequencing, cpDNA sequencing and flow cytometry in 218 accessions representing > 170 wild collections from throughout the coastal southern United States plus USDA germplasm. We found that the two morphologically distinct ecotypes of P. vaginatum differ in their adaptive strategies. The fine-textured ecotype is diploid and appears to reproduce in the wild both sexually and by clonal propagation; in contrast, the coarse-textured ecotype consists largely of clonally-propagating triploid and diploid genotypes. The coarse-textured ecotype appears to be derived from hybridization between fine-textured P. vaginatum and an unidentified Paspalum species. These clonally propagating hybrid genotypes are more broadly distributed than clonal fine-textured genotypes and may represent a transition to a more generalist adaptive strategy. Additionally, the triploid genotypes vary in whether they carry one or two copies of the P. vaginatum subgenome, indicating multiple evolutionary origins. This variation in subgenome composition shows associations with local ocean salinity levels across the sampled populations and may play a role in local adaptation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybridization, polyploidy and clonality influence geographic patterns of diversity and salt tolerance in the model halophyte seashore paspalum (Paspalum vaginatum)

et al. 2020

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“…The tolerance of salinity is a complex phenomenon that involves various biochemical mechanisms and physiological adaptations, and P. maritimum represents an ideal model to understand metabolism contributing to resistance or tolerance to salt stress. While there are halophytes that can grow under salinity as extreme as 500 mM NaCl (~seawater salinity), optimal growth of many terrestrial, dicotyledonous geophytes that are exposed to mild salinity occurs within the range of concentrations of 50–250 mM NaCl [ 5 , 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous Biochemical and Physiological Responses of the Roots and Leaves of Pancratium maritimum (Amaryllidaceae) to Mild Salt Stress

Carfagna

Salbitani

Innangi

et al. 2021

Plants

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Pancratium maritimum (Amaryllidaceae) is a bulbous geophyte growing on coastal sands. In this study, we investigated changes in concentrations of metabolites in the root and leaf tissue of P. maritimum in response to mild salt stress. Changes in concentrations of osmolytes, glutathione, sodium, mineral nutrients, enzymes, and other compounds in the leaves and roots were measured at 0, 3, and 10 days during a 10-day exposure to two levels of mild salt stress, 50 mM NaCl or 100 mM NaCl in sandy soil from where the plants were collected in dunes near Cuma, Italy. Sodium accumulated in the roots, and relatively little was translocated to the leaves. At both concentrations of NaCl, higher values of the concentrations of oxidized glutathione disulfide (GSSG), compared to reduced glutathione (GSH), in roots and leaves were associated with salt tolerance. The concentration of proline increased more in the leaves than in the roots, and glycine betaine increased in both roots and leaves. Differences in the accumulation of organic osmolytes and electron donors synthesized in both leaves and roots demonstrate that osmoregulatory and electrical responses occur in these organs of P. maritimum under mild salt stress.

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“…Most of our knowledge of the genetic and physiological underpinnings of salt tolerance comes from crop species and plant model species that are generally not salt tolerant, with limited studies of highly salttolerant plant species. Additionally, studies on the genetic basis of salt tolerance in halophytes have been limited to a small number of species, few of which are grasses (Fan, 2020;Mishra & Tanna, 2017). This is problematic because soil salinity affects agricultural fields worldwide, and breeding for increased tolerance in cereal crops, which are all grasses, has been slow.…”

Section: Implications For Plant Breedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybridization, polyploidy and clonality influence geographic patterns of diversity and salt tolerance in the model halophyte seashore paspalum (Paspalum vaginatum)

Goad

Baxter

Kellogg

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Seashore paspalum (Paspalum vaginatum Swartz) is a halophytic turfgrass and emerging genomic model system for the study of salt tolerance in cereals and other grasses. Despite recent interest and an increase in available tools, little is known about the diversity present in wild populations of P. vaginatum and its close relative P. distichum. Variation in ploidy, clonal propagation, hybridization, and subgenome composition appear to occur in the wild and may interact to influence geographic patterns of adaptation, particularly in response to environmental salinity levels. Using 218 accessions representing >170 wild collections from throughout the coastal southern United States plus existing USDA germplasm, we employed genotyping-by-sequencing, cpDNA sequencing and flow cytometry to identify genetic differentiation and ploidy variation. Within P. vaginatum, there are two morphologically distinct ecotypes: the fine-textured ecotype is diploid and appears to reproduce in the wild both sexually and by clonal propagation; in contrast, the coarse-textured ecotype consists largely of clonally-propagating triploid and diploid genotypes. The coarse-textured ecotype appears to be derived from hybridization between fine-textured P. vaginatum and an unidentified Paspalum species. These clonally propagating hybrid genotypes are more broadly distributed than clonal finetextured genotypes and may represent a transition to a more generalist adaptive strategy. The triploid genotypes vary in whether they carry one or two copies of the P. vaginatum subgenome, indicating multiple evolutionary origins. This variation in subgenome composition shows associations with local ocean salinity levels across the sampled populations and may play a role in local adaptation.

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Genetic mechanisms of salt stress responses in halophytes

Cited by 25 publications

References 134 publications

Hybridization, polyploidy and clonality influence geographic patterns of diversity and salt tolerance in the model halophyte seashore paspalum (Paspalum vaginatum)

Hybridization, polyploidy and clonality influence geographic patterns of diversity and salt tolerance in the model halophyte seashore paspalum (Paspalum vaginatum)

Simultaneous Biochemical and Physiological Responses of the Roots and Leaves of Pancratium maritimum (Amaryllidaceae) to Mild Salt Stress

Hybridization, polyploidy and clonality influence geographic patterns of diversity and salt tolerance in the model halophyte seashore paspalum (Paspalum vaginatum)

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