Genetic mechanisms governing sporulation initiation in Clostridioides difficile

Lee, Cheyenne D; Rizvi, Arshad; Edwards, Adrianne N.; DiCandia, Michael A; Vargas-Cuebas, Germán; Monteiro, Marcos P; McBride, Shonna M.

doi:10.1016/j.mib.2021.12.001

Cited by 26 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 64 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…They play an important role in the transmission and pathogenicity of C. difficile , and their extremely high resistance makes them the major medium of disease transmission. Furthermore, owing to their resistance to antibiotics, therapeutic drugs cannot directly kill spores, causing the spores in the digestive tract to survive even after treatment ( 24 ). After treatment, the C. difficile spores are stimulated by the germinant in the intestine (cholate, amino acid, and Ca 2+ ) and regerminate into vegetative cells, which can cause the infection to recur ( 22 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Activity of Tannic Acid In Vitro and Its Protective Effect on Mice against Clostridioides difficile

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Activity of Tannic Acid In Vitro and Its Protective Effect on Mice against Clostridioides difficile

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Upon completion of synthesis of the cortex and coat layers the now mature spore is released by lysis of the mother cell. We will not attempt to exhaustively summarize the molecular basis of sporulation here, as this is already the subject of many excellent reviews in recent years [ 38 , 39 ].…”

Section: Life Cycle and Disease Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenicity and virulence of Clostridioides difficile

Buddle

Fagan

2023

Virulence

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Clostridioides difficile is the most common cause of nosocomial antibiotic-associated diarrhea, and is responsible for a spectrum of diseases characterized by high levels of recurrence, morbidity, and mortality. Treatment is complex, since antibiotics constitute both the main treatment and the major risk factor for infection. Worryingly, resistance to multiple antibiotics is becoming increasingly widespread, leading to the classification of this pathogen as an urgent threat to global health. As a consummate opportunist, C. difficile is well equipped for promoting disease, owing to its arsenal of virulence factors: transmission of this anaerobe is highly efficient due to the formation of robust endospores, and an array of adhesins promote gut colonization. C. difficile produces multiple toxins acting upon gut epithelia, resulting in manifestations typical of diarrheal disease, and severe inflammation in a subset of patients. This review focuses on such virulence factors, as well as the importance of antimicrobial resistance and genome plasticity in enabling pathogenesis and persistence of this important pathogen.

show abstract

“…In C. difficile , phosphorylation of Spo0A is predicted to be modulated by several orphan histidine kinases (CD1492, CD1579, CD1942, and CD2492) ( 10 , 17 ). CD1492 and CD2492 repress sporulation initiation by acting as phosphatases toward phosphorylated Spo0A~P ( 20 , 21 ). CD1579 has been shown to phosphorylate Spo0A in vitro ( 10 ), although recent studies indicate that it may also repress sporulation ( 21 , 22 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CD1492 and CD2492 repress sporulation initiation by acting as phosphatases toward phosphorylated Spo0A~P ( 20 , 21 ). CD1579 has been shown to phosphorylate Spo0A in vitro ( 10 ), although recent studies indicate that it may also repress sporulation ( 21 , 22 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%