Genetic mapping of the rice resistance-breaking gene of the brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens

Abstract

Host plant resistance has been widely used for controlling the major rice pest brown planthopper (BPH, Nilaparvata lugens). However, adaptation of the wild BPH population to resistance limits the effective use of resistant rice varieties. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis was conducted to identify resistance-breaking genes against the anti-feeding mechanism mediated by the rice resistance gene Bph1. QTL analysis in iso-female BPH lines with single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers detected a single region on the 10th linkage group responsible for the virulence. The QTL explained from 57 to 84% of the total phenotypic variation. Bulked segregant analysis with next-generation sequencing in F 2 progenies identified five SNPs genetically linked to the virulence. These analyses showed that virulence to Bph1 was controlled by a single recessive gene. In contrast to previous studies, the genefor-gene relationship between the major resistance gene Bph1 and virulence gene of BPH was confirmed. Identified markers are available for map-based cloning of the major gene controlling BPH virulence to rice resistance.

Geographic and Research Center Origins of Rice Resistance to Asian Planthoppers and Leafhoppers: Implications for Rice Breeding and Gene Deployment

“…Similarly, combining genes introgressed from wild rice species together with those from traditional varieties might improve durability; however, resistance genes from wild rice have been shown to be ineffective against certain planthopper populations, despite never having been deployed in farmers' fields. These recommendations assume that virulence to major genes is determined by gene-for-gene mechanisms [48,49]. However, if planthoppers adapt to defense mechanisms (irrespective of underlying genetics) then pyramiding arbitrary gene combinations might play little role in determining durability.…”

“…A prominent paradigm underlying modern resistance breeding is that genes bestow resistance against herbivores in a gene-for-gene mechanism [48,49]. This paradigm has gained some recent support through the identification of a 'virulence gene' associated with planthopper adaptation to Bph1 [49].…”

“…This paradigm has gained some recent support through the identification of a 'virulence gene' associated with planthopper adaptation to Bph1 [49]. However, a study conducted at about the same time and using a different N. lugens population virulent to the same Bph1 gene, identified a different 'virulence gene' and associated 'virulence QTLs' [48].…”

Loss of Resistance to <i>Nilaparvata lugens</i> May Be Due to the Low-Level Expression of <i>BPH32 </i>in Rice Panicles at the Heading Stage

“…For evaluating the BPH resistance of rice varieties and lines at the vegetative and heading stages, three phenotypic experiments were conducted including the standard seedbox screening test (SSST) [16], modified mass adult plant screening test (MAST) [11], and honeydew excretion test (HET) [17] [18].…”

Chromosomal Location of a Recessive Red-Eye Mutant Gene in the Brown Planthopper <i>Nilaparvata lugens</i> (Stål) (Insecta: Hemiptera)

“…Numerous DNA markers were developed [9] [10] that made it possible to identify and map some genes in the BPH through linkage to existing DNA markers [10] [11]. In the present study, bulked segregant analysis (BSA) [12] with SSR markers was used to detect and locate the chromosomal location of the red gene controlling the red eye mutation in the BPH.…”