Genetic Mapping Analysis of Bread‐Making Quality Traits in Spring Wheat

Abstract

In this study we assess the genetic architecture of bread-making quality traits in spring wheat {Triticum aestivum L.). A mapping population derived from BR34 and 'Grandin' was used to measure 20 end-use quality traits including six kernel, seven milling and flour, four dough mixing strength, and three bread-making traits. A total of 31 quantitative trait loci (QTL) significantly associated with all but two traits were identified. These QTL were clustered in five chromosomal regions, namely IBS, 1DL, 4BL, 5BL, and 6AS, and explained a large proportion of trait variation with favorable alíeles contributed by both parents. The 1DL cluster containing the high molecular weight glutenin gene, Glu-Dl, had a large genetic influence on dough mixing strength and bread-making performance. Most of the QTL affecting kernel traits were clustered on 6AS. Inconsistency of QTL locations detected from different environments was observed for the flour and milling traits and was likely due to genotype x environment interaction (G x E) effects. Despite high heritabilities estimated for the 20 quality traits evaluated, no QTL were found for flour brightness and bake water absorption, suggesting that these traits may be controlled by QTL with small effects that could not be detected due to the small population size. Because of the complex inheritance of these traits, it will be necessary to validate these QTL in different spring wheat backgrounds evaluated in similar growth conditions as used in this study before the marker information can be used for breeding applications.

Genotype × environment interactions and QTL clusters underlying dough rheology traits in Triticum aestivum L.

“…Mixograph traits that reflected optimum dough development and stability have shown correlations among themselves and with grain, flour and baking quality traits in earlier reports (Groos et al, 2007;Mann et al, 2009;Simons et al, 2012;Tsilo et al, 2011;Zhang et al, 2008). Further, detection of QTL clusters for those characters suggested common or closely linked underlying loci.…”

“…In the previous studies, majority of the QTLs for dough and bread quality parameters were detected in single or few of the tested environments which suggested the impact of genotype  environment interactions (GEI) on these traits (Bordes et al, 2011;Mann et al, 2009;Simons et al, 2012;Tsilo et al, 2011). The analyses of variance (ANOVA) in previous reports indicated substantial unexplained variance in addition to the G and E effects that in part could be due to the underlying GEI (Ma et al, 2005;Tsilo et al, 2011).…”

“…Previously, molecular marker analyses of mixograph dough rheology traits (MDRTs) detected QTLs co-locating with the Glu-B1 and Glu-D1 loci (Kerfal et al, 2010;Ma et al, 2005;Mann et al, 2009;McCartney et al, 2006;Simons et al, 2012;Tsilo et al, 2011;Zhang et al, 2008). In these studies, very few QTLs located in chromosomal regions other than the above were detected possibly since either the number of environments or the MDRT analysed in each environment were few.…”

Complex G × E Interactions and QTL Clusters Govern End-Use Quality Traits in Hexaploid Wheat

“…Only a single QTL cluster on chromosome 5B showed co-location for LV and DRT. In many of the previous studies, large number of DRT and BMQ QTLs were detected in single environments (Mann et al 2009 ;Tsilo et al 2011 ;Li et al 2012 ;Simons et al 2012 ) and stable QTLs were very few, which often co-located with HMW glutenin loci (Mann et al 2009 ;Tsilo et al 2011 ). Examining their specifi city to individual locations and pattern of detection across years within a location can help reveal their responses to GEI.…”

“…In addition, QTL clusters mainly for GPC, SV and DRT (Li et al ) and for DRT and LV (Mann et al 2009 ;Tsilo et al 2011 ;Simons et al 2012 ) suggested that as the traits are correlated, they could be controlled by common QTLs. But it needs to be noted that the HMW glutenin loci Glu-B1 or Glu-D1 often showed overlap with the largest of such clusters for DRT and LV and suggested that extensive studies to identify novel loci on other chromosomes are necessary for further improvement of wheat quality.…”