Genetic manipulation of insect vectors as a strategy for the control of vector-borne disease

Crampton, Jason; Warren, Ann Marie; Lycett, Gareth; Hughes, Margaret; Comley, I P; Eggleston, Paul

doi:10.1080/00034983.1994.11812828

Cited by 45 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…For instance, it may be possible to genetically engineer mosquitoes that express foreign genes that are toxic to Plasmodium (36). This approach requires the identification of a promoter capable of driving the expression of a foreign gene in the right tissue and at the right time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Type I Peritrophic Matrix Protein from the Malaria VectorAnopheles gambiae Binds to Chitin

Shen

Jacobs-Lorena

1998

Journal of Biological Chemistry

161

127

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Upon feeding, mosquito midguts secrete the peritrophic matrix (PM), an extracellular chitin-containing envelope that completely surrounds the blood meal. Because the malaria parasite must cross the PM to complete its life cycle in the mosquito, the PM is a potential barrier for malaria transmission. By antibody screening of an expression library we have identified and partially characterized a cDNA encoding a putative PM protein, termed Anopheles gambiae adult peritrophin 1 (Ag-Aper1). Ag-Aper1 is the first cloned PM gene from a disease vector. Northern analysis detected an abundant Ag-Aper1 transcript only in the adult gut, and not in any other tissues or at any other stages of development. The predicted amino acid sequence indicates that it has two tandem chitin-binding domains that share high sequence similarity with each other and also with the chitin-binding domain of an adult gut-specific chitinase from the same organism. The presumed ability of Ag-Aper1 to bind chitin was verified by a functional assay with the baculovirus-expressed recombinant protein. Ag-Aper1 did bind to chitin but not to cellulose, indicating that Ag-Aper1 binds chitin specifically. The double chitin-binding domain organization of Ag-Aper1 suggests that each protein molecule is able to link two chitin polymer chains. Hence, this protein is likely to act as a molecular linker that connects PM chitin fibrils into a three-dimensional network.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Type I Peritrophic Matrix Protein from the Malaria VectorAnopheles gambiae Binds to Chitin

Shen

Jacobs-Lorena

1998

Journal of Biological Chemistry

161

127

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“…An understanding of the genetic structure of A. gambiae populations is critical in evaluating the possibility of genetic manipulation of this species to block malaria transmission (e.g. Collins & Besansky, 1994;Crampton et al, 1994). Moreover, such understanding could also aid control based on currently available technology, such as in the management of insecticide resistance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic differentiation of Anopheles gambiae populations from East and West Africa: comparison of microsatellite and allozyme loci

et al. 1996

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Genetic variation of Anopheles gambiae was analysed to assess interpopulation divergence over a 6000 km distance using short tandem repeat (microsatellite) loci and allozyme loci. Differentiation of populations from Kenya and Senegal measured by allele length variation at five microsatellite loci was compared with estimates calculated from published data on six allozyme loci (Miles, 1978). The average Wright's FST of microsatellite loci (0.016) was lower than that of allozymes (0.036). Slatkin's RST values for microsatellite loci were generally higher than their FST values, but the average RST value was virtually identical (0.036) to the average allozyme FST.These low estimates of differentiation correspond to an effective migration index (Nm) larger than 3, suggesting that gene flow across the continent is only weakly restricted. Polymorphism of microsatellite loci was significantly higher than that of allozymes, probably because the former experience considerably higher mutation rates. That microsatellite loci did not measure greater interpopulation divergence than allozyme loci suggested constraints on microsatellite evolution. Alternatively, extensive mosquito dispersal, aided by human transportation during the last century, better explains the low differentiation and the similarity of estimates derived from both types of genetic markers.

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“…4,5 Provided reliable techniques for arthropods transformation and efficient, stable, and safe transgenes are available, 6 a comprehensive knowledge of the genetic structure of the target mosquito population appears absolutely necessary to properly evaluate the outcome of field releases of transgenic vectors. The area of insecticide management will also benefit from the study of gene flow that allows prediction of the spread of resistance genes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

High amounts of genetic differentiation between populations of the malaria vector Anopheles arabiensis from West Africa and eastern outer islands.

Simard¹,

Fontenille²,

Lehmann³

et al. 1999

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Polymorphism at nine microsatellite loci was examined to assess the level of genetic differentiation between four Anopheles arabiensis populations from Senegal, the high plateau of Madagascar, and Reunion and Mauritius islands. Eight of nine loci showed great polymorphism (2-16 alleles/locus) and significant genetic differentiation was revealed between all four populations by F-and R-statistics, with Fst estimates ranging from 0.080 to 0.215 and equivalent Rst values ranging between 0.022 and 0.300. These high amounts of genetic differentiation are discussed in relation to geographic distance including large bodies of water, and history of mosquito settlement, and insecticide use on the islands. The results suggest that historical events of drift rather than mutation are probably the forces generating genetic divergence between these populations, with homogenization of the gene pool by migration being drastically restricted across the ocean.

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Genetic manipulation of insect vectors as a strategy for the control of vector-borne disease

Cited by 45 publications

References 29 publications

A Type I Peritrophic Matrix Protein from the Malaria VectorAnopheles gambiae Binds to Chitin

A Type I Peritrophic Matrix Protein from the Malaria VectorAnopheles gambiae Binds to Chitin

Genetic differentiation of Anopheles gambiae populations from East and West Africa: comparison of microsatellite and allozyme loci

High amounts of genetic differentiation between populations of the malaria vector Anopheles arabiensis from West Africa and eastern outer islands.

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