Genetic Load and Its Varieties

Brues, Austin M.

doi:10.1126/science.164.3884.1130

Cited by 23 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…(35), but would perhaps not be surprising in view of the apparent widespread ccurrence of genetic polymorphism (36)(37)(38)(39). Further studies of pyruvate decarboxylases in human and other tissues may clarify some of these problems.…”

Section: Metabolic Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A defect in pyruvate decarboxylase in a child with an intermittent movement disorder

Blass¹,

Avigan²,

Uhlendorf³

1970

J. Clin. Invest.

246

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Section: Metabolic Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A defect in pyruvate decarboxylase in a child with an intermittent movement disorder

Blass¹,

Avigan²,

Uhlendorf³

1970

J. Clin. Invest.

246

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“…Since natural populations of sexually-reproducing, out-breeding organisms have been shown to be markedly heterozygous, with a substantial frequency of recessive lethal genes which result in genetic deaths when in the homozygous state, it seems reasonable to postulate that the plants of C. pteridoides studied here were effectively homozygous and without such lethal genes (Bruce, 1969;Klekowski, 1979). Homozygosity is a result of inbreeding and is facilitated by various parameters of the mating system, effective population size and mode of establishment of young populations.…”

Section: Genetic Load and Population Heterougositymentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Plants with intralocus homozygosity may then store interlocus heterozygosity and release it, by the pairing of homoeologous chromosomes, in spore genotypes following meiosis . Examination of natural populations of ferns has indicated that nearly all species are characterized by significant amounts of genetic heterozygosity as measured by the frequency of expression of recessive deleterious or lethal genes (genetic load), a feature of universal occurrence in heterozygous organisms (Bruce, 1969;Wallace, 1970;Dobzhansky, Ayala, Stebbins & Valentine, 1977). However, to date, only about ten of the 10000 species of ferns have been adequately assessed for heterozygosity within populations (Lloyd, 1974a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inbreeding and homozygosity in the fern, Ceratopteris pteridoides (Hooker) Hieronymus (Parkeriaceae)

Warne

Lloyd

1981

Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society

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Ceratopteris pteridoides is an inbreeding species. Intralocus homozygosity is deduced from the almost total absence of genetic load (recessive deleterious and lethal genes) in sporophytes from natural populations, and from gametangial sequences which indicate intragametophytic selfing. This mating system and the profound capacity of the species for vegetative reproduction, coupled with the small size and geographical isolation of many populations, strongly support the hypothesis of individual homozygosity. However, polymorphism is exhibited both within and between populations in specific, genetically mediated, gametophytic characteristics. The population genetic structure of C. pUridoidcs is similar to other inbreeding species.

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“…The failure to come to grips with this subtle distinction is at the root of a lengthy controversy. See Van Valen (1963), Brues (1964), Feller (1967, Brues (1969), Kimura & Crow (1969), Moran (1970), Nei (1971), Felsenstein (1971), Ewens (1972), Grant & Flake (1974), and Maynard Smith (1978) for details.…”

Section: Previous Hard Selection Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Unifying Model for the Substitutional Genetic Load

Phelps¹

1991

Math Med Biol

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In this paper, a general deterministic model for gene substitution at all segregating loci is derived. The results of a rigorous mathematical analysis of the equations are stated and found to be consistent with results derived by making typical simplifying assumptions. All previous deterministic calculations of possible rates of gene substitution and the 'substitutional genetic load' are shown to be special cases of the model. New expressions for the substitutional genetic load and rate of substitution in hard selection with cth-order epistasis are given. In addition, the concept of 'threshold selection' is generalized to less extreme 'rank selection', and formulae for the relationship between the substitution rate and the selection coefficient are given. The 'load argument' for the neutral theory is reviewed in light of the new findings and strongly rejected. Several other areas of disagreement, such as the effect of population dynamics and competition on the substitutional genetic load, are sorted out using the model. Some remarks regarding experimental input are made.

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Genetic Load and Its Varieties

Cited by 23 publications

References 19 publications

A defect in pyruvate decarboxylase in a child with an intermittent movement disorder

A defect in pyruvate decarboxylase in a child with an intermittent movement disorder

Inbreeding and homozygosity in the fern, Ceratopteris pteridoides (Hooker) Hieronymus (Parkeriaceae)

A Unifying Model for the Substitutional Genetic Load

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