Genetic linkage of capsid protein-encoding RNA segments in group A equine rotaviruses

Miño, S.; Barrandeguy, M.; Parreño, Viviana; Parra, Gabriel I.

doi:10.1099/jgv.0.000397

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…A strong geographic structure was observed in the tree because all E12 strains were detected in South American countries. Within the E12 genotype, three major groups or lineages are observed according to different animal species: (i) horse lineage (pp = 100%) which included equine strains only; (ii) cow-G6 lineage (pp = 100%) which included bovine G6 strains exclusively, except for the RVA/Cowwt/ARG/B2659_B_BA/2004/G10P [11] strain; (iii) inter specie lineage (pp = 100%), which contained bovine G10P [11], caprine G8P [1], guanaco G8P [1], human G8P [1] and human G10P [9] strains (Figure 1b). In addition, the population dynamic showed three behaviors through time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For this reason, reassortant viruses selectively emerge at appreciable levels in the viral population with a genomic composition that confers at least some modest advantage to viral fitness [10]. Reassortment is also observed as a host restriction factor, a mechanism described among RVA strains [11]. Taken together, the segmented nature and the interspecies transmission of rotavirus shows the zoonotic relevance and the reason why this disease should be faced from the One Health approach [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evolution of Animal South American RVA Told by the NSP4 Gene E12 Genotype

Miño

Badaracco

Uriarte

et al. 2022

Viruses

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Rotavirus A (RVA) possesses a genome of 11 double-stranded (ds) RNA segments, and each segment encodes one protein, with the exception of segment 11. NSP4 is a non-structural multifunctional protein encoded by segment 10 that defines the E-genotype. From the 31 E-genotypes described, genotype E12 has been described in Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay, and Brazil in RVA strains infecting different animal species and humans. In this work, we studied the evolutionary relationships of RVA strains carrying the E12 genotype in South America using phylogenetic and phylodynamic approaches. We found that the E12 genotype has a South American origin, with a guanaco (Lama guanicoe) strain as natural host. Interestingly, all the other reported RVA strains carrying the E12 genotype in equine, bovine, caprine, and human strains are related to RVA strains of camelid origin. The evolutionary path and genetic footprint of the E12 genotype were reconstructed starting with the introduction of non-native livestock species into the American continent with the Spanish conquest in the 16th century. The imported animal species were in close contact with South American camelids, and the offspring were exposed to the native RVA strains brought from Europe and the new RVA circulating in guanacos, resulting in the emergence of new RVA strains in the current lineages’ strongly species-specific adaption. In conclusion, we proposed the NSP4 E12 genotype as a genetic geographic marker in the RVA strains circulating in different animal species in South America.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of Animal South American RVA Told by the NSP4 Gene E12 Genotype

Miño

Badaracco

Uriarte

et al. 2022

Viruses

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“…Protein co-adaptation occurs when a fitness-diminishing mutation in one viral protein is compensated for by a fitness-restoring change in a second viral protein. As a consequence of protein co-adaptation, gene segments become genetically-linked and stable constellations are observed (Heiman et al 2008; Iturriza-Gòmara et al, 2003; Miño et al, 2016; Zhang et al, 2015). This hypothesis may explain why several of the putative reassortant viruses (i.e., archival/unusual isolates) show variations at the identified host-specific positions; the viral proteins may be trying to re-adapt to a new genetic context.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinguishing the genotype 1 genes and proteins of human Wa-like rotaviruses vs. porcine rotaviruses

Silva

Gregori

McDonald

2016

Infection, Genetics and Evolution

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Group A rotaviruses (RVAs) are 11-segmented, double-stranded RNA viruses and important causes of gastroenteritis in the young of many animal species. Previous studies have suggested that human Wa-like RVAs share a close evolutionary relationship with porcine RVAs. Specifically, the VP1-VP3 and NSP2-5/6 genes of these viruses are usually classified as genotype 1 with >81% nucleotide sequence identity. Yet, it remains unknown whether the genotype 1 genes and proteins of human Wa-like strains are distinguishable from those of porcine strains. To investigate this, we performed comprehensive bioinformatic analyses using all known genotype 1 gene sequences. The RVAs analyzed represent wildtype strains isolated from humans or pigs at various geographical locations during the years of 2004–2013, including 11 newly-sequenced porcine RVAs from Brazil. We also analyzed archival strains that were isolated during the years of 1977–1992 as well as atypical strains involved in inter-species transmission between humans and pigs. We found that, in general, the genotype 1 genes of typical modern human Wa-like RVAs clustered together in phylogenetic trees and were separate from those of typical modern porcine RVAs. The only exception was for the NSP5/6 gene, which showed no host-specific phylogenetic clustering. Using amino acid sequence alignments, we identified 34 positions that differentiated the VP1-VP3, NSP2, and NSP3 genotype 1 proteins of typical modern human Wa-like RVAs versus typical modern porcine RVAs and documented how these positions vary in the archival/unusual isolates. No host-specific amino acid positions were identified for NSP4, NSP5, or NSP6. Altogether, the results of this study support the notion that human Wa-like RVAs and porcine RVAs are evolutionarily related, but indicate that some of their genotype 1 genes and proteins have diverged over time possibly as a reflection of sequestered replication and protein co-adaptation in their respective hosts.

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“…G3P [12] and G14P [12] equine RVAs have largely more conserved genotype constellations compared with those of other animals' RVAs. Interestingly, the G3 and G14 genotypes of VP7 are strongly associated with the I6 and I2 genotypes of VP6, respectively [44]. The E12 genotype of NSP4 has been detected only in Argentinian equine RVAs, whereas the E2 genotype has been detected in other countries [24,38,40,51,54].…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 94%

Equine rotavirus infection

Nemoto

Matsumura

2021

JES

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This review briefly describes the virus classification, clinical signs, epidemiology, diagnosis, disinfection, and vaccines related equine group A rotavirus (RVA) infection. Equine RVA is one of the most important pathogens causing diarrhoea in foals. The main transmission route is faecal-oral, and the clinical signs are diarrhoea, fever, lethargy, and anorexia (decreased suckling). Some human RVA rapid antigen detection kits based on the principles of the immunochromatographic assay are useful for the diagnosis of equine RVA infection. The kits are used in daily clinical practice because of their rapidity and ease of handling. Equine RVA is a non-enveloped virus and is more resistant to disinfectants than enveloped viruses such as equine influenza virus and equine herpesvirus. Although amphoteric soaps and quaternary ammonium compounds are commonly used in veterinary hygiene, they are generally ineffective against equine RVA. Alcohol products, aldehydes, and chlorine-and iodine-based compounds are effective against equine RVA. Inactivated vaccines have been used for equine RVA infection in some countries. Pregnant mares are intramuscularly inoculated with a vaccine, and thus their colostrum has abundant antibodies against RVA at the time of birth. According to G and P classification defined in accordance with the VP7 and VP4 genes, respectively, the predominant equine RVAs circulating in horse populations globally are G3P[12] and G14P[12] equine RVAs, but the vaccines contain only the G3P[12] equine RVA strain. Ideally, a G14P[12] equine RVA should be added as a vaccine strain to obtain a better vaccine effect.

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Genetic linkage of capsid protein-encoding RNA segments in group A equine rotaviruses

Cited by 11 publications

References 43 publications

Evolution of Animal South American RVA Told by the NSP4 Gene E12 Genotype

Evolution of Animal South American RVA Told by the NSP4 Gene E12 Genotype

Distinguishing the genotype 1 genes and proteins of human Wa-like rotaviruses vs. porcine rotaviruses

Equine rotavirus infection

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