Genetic Improvement in Pine Wilt Disease Resistance in <i>Pinus thunbergii</i>: The Effectiveness of Pre-screening with an Artificial Inoculation at the Nursery

Toda, T.; Kurinobu, Susumu

doi:10.1007/bf02767093

Cited by 17 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…However, provenance mortality ranges and tolerance rankings changed from one experiment to another: Mimizan was the least susceptible in experiment 2, whereas Sierra de Oria showed the lowest mortality rate in experiment 3. Similar tendencies have been observed by other authors, suggesting that environmental factors greatly influence tree response to PWN (Toda and Kurinobu 2001;Miyashita and Watanabe 2015). The Sierra de Oria and Sierra de Gredos provenances, which correspond to southeastern and central Spain groups, respectively, experienced the most drastic tolerance ranking change between experiments.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Variation in pinewood nematode susceptibility among Pinus pinaster Ait. provenances from the Iberian Peninsula and France

Menéndez‐Gutiérrez

Alonso

Toval

et al. 2017

Annals of Forest Science

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& Key message Pinus pinaster Ait. susceptibility to pinewood nematode significantly differed among provenances, and the two Atlantic provenances of the Iberian Peninsula being the most affected. However, significant provenance × environment interaction was found. Provenance susceptibility was related to basal diameter, number of branches and oleoresin flow, and some climatic parameters. & Context The pinewood nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, native to North America, is an important pest affecting pine forests throughout Eurasia. In Europe, it has been detected in Portugal and Spain and is primarily associated with Pinus pinaster, an important Mediterranean tree species. & Aims We have investigated the differences in susceptibility among several P. pinaster provenances in the Iberian Peninsula and France, as well as their relationship to certain growth traits and physiological parameters. & Methods Three independent inoculation tests were performed on 3 to 4-year-old trees, followed by assessment of growth traits and physiological variables, along with time course destructive sampling for nematode quantification. & Results The results showed significant differences among provenances for almost all growth traits, wilting, and mortality, though a significant provenance × environment interaction was also detected. Two Atlantic provenances, Noroeste-Litoral and Leiria, displayed the largest susceptibility to pinewood nematode. Changes in susceptibility to B. xylophilus between experiments were influenced by temperature and seasonality. Autumn precipitation and mean maximum temperature during summer at the original provenance sites could be related to provenance susceptibility. & Conclusion Noroeste-Litoral and Leiria were the most disease-affected provenances. This study emphasizes the need for further research on how tree growth stage influences susceptibility and on the possibility of cross-breeding among provenances.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Variation in pinewood nematode susceptibility among Pinus pinaster Ait. provenances from the Iberian Peninsula and France

Menéndez‐Gutiérrez

Alonso

Toval

et al. 2017

Annals of Forest Science

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“…Data for correlations, paired ttests, and ANOVAs were logarithmically transformed morphometric values and arcsine square root transformed survival rates (Falconer and Mackay 1996). Survival rate was used in this study instead of mortality for consistency with previous reports on breeding for PWN-resistance (Kato et al 1995, Toda and Kurinobu 2001.…”

Section: Data and Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Relationships between morphological traits and resistance to pine wood nematode in two Japanese pines

Yamanobe

2009

Eur J Plant Pathol

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It has been suggested that certain morphological traits of Japanese pines function as resistance factors against the pine wood nematode (PWN), Bursaphelenchus xylophilus. The aim of this study was to verify this concept, and to determine the relationships between traits and resistance at both the individual and family levels. Relationships between survival rate and morphological traits of Pinus densiflora and Pinus thunbergii were studied after inoculation with PWN. Morphometric parameters used were height, basal diameter of the axis, and the number of branches from the axis. Three indices of relationships were analysed: (1) among individuals within a family (survival difference between smaller and larger morphometric populations within each family); (2) among individuals (correlation between each morphometric average and survival rate in quintile populations of all subjects within each pine species based on the order of morphometric values); and (3) among families (correlation between each morphometric average and survival rate in the family). Both significant and non-significant differences were detected within a family, indicating a need for macro techniques. Among individuals, a thicker axis and more branches were correlated with increased survival, indicating that they are resistance factors. However, these correlations were not significant among different families. These results indicate that morphological traits cannot be used to evaluate resistance at a family level, even if they are significant at an individual level. Further studies on traits associated with resistance should be conducted at a family rather than an individual level, to breed for Japanese pines with resistance to PWN.

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“…These varieties were evaluated based on the survival rate of open-pollinated progeny following inoculation with PWN; average rates of survival of openly pollinated progeny from resistant varieties were 51% for P. thunbergii and 65% for P. densiflora , which is respectively 35 and 18% higher than for unselected populations [10]. The narrow-sense heritability based on the open-pollinated family of 15 out of 16 varieties was estimated to be a maximum of 0.486 in P. thunbergii , indicating that resistance (tolerance) is inherited in an additive manner [11]. Furthermore, it was also shown that the number of genetic factors for P. thunbergii resistance was 1.96 based on diallel analysis using a full diallel mating design that used three out of 16 varieties including ‘Tanabe 54’ [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Construction of genetic linkage map and identification of a novel major locus for resistance to pine wood nematode in Japanese black pine (Pinus thunbergii)

et al. 2019

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Background Pine wilt disease (PWD), which is caused by the pine wood nematode (PWN) Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, is currently the greatest threat to pine forests in Europe and East Asian countries including Japan. Constructing a detailed linkage map of DNA markers and identifying PWD resistance genes/loci lead to improved resistance in Pinus thunbergii, as well as other Pinus species that are also susceptible to PWD. Results A total F1 mapping population of 188 individuals derived from a cross between the PWD-resistant P. thunbergii varieties ‘Tanabe 54’ (resistant rank 2 to PWD) and ‘Tosashimizu 63’ (resistant rank 4 to PWD) was inoculated with PWN, and was evaluated for disease symptoms. To perform linkage analysis for PWN resistance, a set of three maps was constructed; two parental maps generated using the integrated two-way pseudo-testcross method, and a consensus map with population-type cross-pollination. The linkage map of ‘Tanabe 54’ consisted of 167 loci, and covered 14 linkage groups (LGs), with a total genetic distance of 1214.6 cM. The linkage map of ‘Tosashimizu 63’ consisted of 252 loci, and covered 14 LGs, with a total genetic distance of 1422.1 cM. The integrated consensus map comprised 12 LGs with the basic chromosome number of P. thunbergii, and a total genetic distance of 1403.6 cM. Results from quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis using phenotype data and linkage maps indicated that PWN resistance is controlled by a single dominant allele, which was derived from the ‘Tanabe 54’ female parent. This major QTL was located on linkage group 3 and was designated PWD1 for PINE WILT DISEASE 1. Conclusions The PWD1 locus is a major resistance QTL located on the Pinus consensus LG03 that acts in a dominant manner to confer pine wood nematode resistance. Information from the present study will be useful for P. thunbergii breeding programs to improve resistance to PWD, and also to help identify susceptibility genes in Pinus species.

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Genetic Improvement in Pine Wilt Disease Resistance in Pinus thunbergii: The Effectiveness of Pre-screening with an Artificial Inoculation at the Nursery

Cited by 17 publications

References 2 publications

Variation in pinewood nematode susceptibility among Pinus pinaster Ait. provenances from the Iberian Peninsula and France

Variation in pinewood nematode susceptibility among Pinus pinaster Ait. provenances from the Iberian Peninsula and France

Relationships between morphological traits and resistance to pine wood nematode in two Japanese pines

Construction of genetic linkage map and identification of a novel major locus for resistance to pine wood nematode in Japanese black pine (Pinus thunbergii)

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