Genetic (idiopathic) epilepsy with photosensitive seizures includes features of both focal and generalized seizures

Gong, Pan; Yang, Haiyuan; Liu, Xiaoyan; Jiang, Yuwu; Zhang, Yuehua; Yang, Zhixian

doi:10.1038/s41598-018-24644-0

Cited by 17 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…We add to the literature an "electronegative'' response to photic stimulation that may serve as a pitfall for an accurate interpretation of epilepsy. While the mechanisms involved in generation of a PPR are poorly understood, genetic influences are felt to play an important role [4]. However, this was absent in our patient with extratemporal focal epilepsy.…”

Section: Non-physiologicmentioning

confidence: 64%

Television‐induced electronegative photoparoxysmal response: an extratemporal seizure mimic?

Calado

Desai

Kasteleijn

et al. 2021

Epileptic Disorders

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Video-EEG monitoring is an established gold-standard procedure for diagnosis and differentiation of epileptic and non-epileptic seizures. Epilepsy misdiagnosis, to which factors such as EEG artifact misinterpretation contribute to, is common, and can have long-lasting iatrogenic repercussions to the clinical management of affected patients. Among the many types of responses to photic stimulation, artifacts and physiologic and epileptic responses are possible. All of these can interfere with EEG interpretation when provoked by a source of illumination. Photicinduced responses are of increasing relevance given the ubiquity of screens and other light-emitting electronics in our modern world. One of these, the photoparoxysmal response, is a frequent finding in photosensitive patients with genetic generalized epilepsies. Various responses beyon d abnormal occurrence of cortical spikes or spike-and-wave discharges are known to occur on EEG in response to intermittent photic stimulation (IPS), with different clinical implications. To our knowledge, we report a unique electronegative photoparoxysmal response during video-EEG monitoring induced by fluctuating illumi nation caused by a distant television screen. This response mimicked an extratemporal seizure in a young woman with frontal lobe epilepsy, admitted for presurgical evaluation. Novel electronegative responses to electronic devices during video-EEG monitoring merit consideration by EEG interpreters to help avoid misdiagnosis.

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Section: Non-physiologicmentioning

confidence: 64%

Television‐induced electronegative photoparoxysmal response: an extratemporal seizure mimic?

Calado

Desai

Kasteleijn

et al. 2021

Epileptic Disorders

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“…Typically seizures are not suppressible, and following commands is not possible during generalized events. However, photosensitive seizures may have atypical features, 9 including possible volitional induction, or as demonstrated in case 2, preserved awareness. These unusual aspects that are more typical of tics and stereotypies may lead to misdiagnosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Photosensitive Epilepsy Syndromes Mimicking Motor Tics

Longardner

Desai

Nespeca

et al. 2020

Movement Disord Clin Pract

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“…Photosensitivity is usually observed in genetic (idiopathic) generalized epilepsy, with PPR characterized by generalized epileptiform discharges ( 8 ). However, a growing number cases of focal seizures induced by IPS have been reported, almost originating from the occipital lobe ( 9 , 10 ). Furthermore, cases of photosensitive focal seizures starting at the temporal lobe have also been reported ( 4 , 11 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a series of patients with genetic (idiopathic) generalized epilepsy, focal interictal discharges and focal seizures had been observed in 35% of patient population ( 20 ). In our previous studies of idiopathic epilepsy with photosensitive seizures, more than 70% of patients' PCR had FBTCS derived from the occipital lobe, and 50% of patients' PCR had myoclonic seizures with comprehensive network activation ( 9 ). In our study, PPR of all patients mainly showed generalized discharges.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal Onset Focal Seizures Induced by Intermittent Photic Stimulation

et al. 2021

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The study aimed to review the clinical, radiological, and pathological findings and electroencephalogram (EEG) of pediatric epilepsy patients with temporal onset focal seizures induced by intermittent photic stimulation (IPS). Four patients with temporal onset photosensitivity focal seizures were analyzed. Three (75%) of the four patients were female. The average age of seizure-onset was 4.4 years. The interictal EEG showed both generalized and focal spike and waves in one patient and focal or multifocal spike and waves alone in three patients. Photoparoxysmal response (PPR) was evoked in all patients and showed generalized discharges (patients 2–4), both generalized and posterior discharges (patient 1). Both generalized and focal discharges could coexist in interictal discharges and PPR. The sensitive frequencies of PPR and photoconvulsive response (PCR) were 12–30 and 10–16 Hz, respectively, which were close to the occipital rhythm. In all patients, the onset of PCR was recorded, namely, the left anterior and mesial temporal lobe (TL), the left posterior TL, and the whole left TL, which showed two forms: the seizure of two patients was the onset of slow waves in the temporal area without spreading generalized discharges (patients 1 and 4), and the other one was fast rhythmic activities in the temporal area, spreading to the occipital area or gradually evolving into the generalized discharges (patients 2 and 3). During follow-up, except for patient 3 who had occasional seizures, the seizures of the remaining patients were under control. Temporal onset focal seizures could be induced by IPS. Temporal onset photosensitivity seizures were mostly easy to control with antiseizure drugs.

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Genetic (idiopathic) epilepsy with photosensitive seizures includes features of both focal and generalized seizures

Cited by 17 publications

References 31 publications

Television‐induced electronegative photoparoxysmal response: an extratemporal seizure mimic?

Television‐induced electronegative photoparoxysmal response: an extratemporal seizure mimic?

Photosensitive Epilepsy Syndromes Mimicking Motor Tics

Temporal Onset Focal Seizures Induced by Intermittent Photic Stimulation

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