Genetic identification and phylogenetic relationships of Indian clariids based on mitochondrial COI sequences

Abstract

Mitochondrial cytochrome C Oxidase I (COI) sequence variation among the clariid fishes of India (Clarias magur, C. dussumieri and C. gariepinus) and their relationship with other representative clariids was studied in this work. Three species were sampled and together with 23 COI sequences from GenBank were used to reconstruct phylogenetic relationships in the family Clariidae. The study revealed two clades: one consisting of the African species with C. dussumieri, and the other of Asian species suggesting the prevalence of intra-continental diversification of catfishes. This study further revealed that the genus Clarias is monophyletic. For the COI gene, the interspecies genetic divergence ranged from 0.056 to 0.182. The mean genetic difference between C. dussumieri and other selected African species in this study is 12.1%. It was also observed that the morphological similarity of C. dussumieri and C. magur was not replicated in the genetic level. Clarias dussumieri was more close to African catfish C. gariepinus thus indicating the utility of COI phylogeny to identify the well-known African-Asian relationships within catfishes. The results also showed that C. magur and C. batrachus are genetically distinct from each other.

Invasion of African Clarias gariepinus Drives Genetic Erosion of the Indigenous C. batrachus in Bangladesh

“…In Clarias gariepinus , Coptodon zillii , and Sarotherodon melanotheron from Southwestern Nigeria, 49.86% were conserved sites, 49.71% were variable sites, 32.33% were parsimony informative sites, and (17.39%) were singleton sites [ 34 ]. C. gariepinus , C. magur , and C. dussumieri based on COI gene sequences, showed a consensus-sized length of 623 sites, where 425, 197, 163, and 34 were conserved, variable, parsimony informative, and singletons, respectively [ 35 ]. Out of 628 sites in gene sequences in the indigenous barp Pethia manipurensis 144, 459, 267, and 192 were conserved, variable, parsimony informative, and singletons, respectively [ 36 ].…”

The genome of walking catfish Clarias magur (Hamilton, 1822) unveils the genetic basis that may have facilitated the development of environmental and terrestrial adaptation systems in air-breathing catfishes

“…The walking catfish Clarias magur (Hamilton, 1822), one of the 116 valid species of family Clariidae, is a freshwater catfish popularly known as magur. 1 , 2 The C. magur was differentiated from Clarius batrachus by Ng and Kottelat 3 based on deeply serrated pectoral spine and the difference in the head shape. This was also genetically differentiated with Indian Clariids based on mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I ( COI ) sequences.…”

“…This was also genetically differentiated with Indian Clariids based on mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I ( COI ) sequences. 1 The species is popular for good taste and a valuable source of dietary protein and the increase in demand for the fish led to massive over exploitation. Its culture has gained priority among the catfishes in India and adjacent countries viz.…”

Aeromonas hydrophila infection induces Toll-like receptor 2 (tlr2) and associated downstream signaling in Indian catfish, Clarias magur (Hamilton, 1822)

“…Magur is an economically important fish species in South and South-East Asian countries. The freshwater air-breathing Indian catfish, C. magur (genetically distinct from C. batrachus ) ( Devassy et al, 2015 ) is a promising candidate species for freshwater aquaculture in India next to carp ( Sahoo et al, 2016 ). Magur is prone to bacterial and fungal infection in all phase of farming due to scale-less body and many Gram-negative bacterial pathogens have been reported from magur includes, A. hydrophila , A. veronii, Flavobacterium spp, Edwardsiella tarda, E. ictaluri, Pseudomonas spp ( Monir et al, 2017 ; Sharma et al, 2017 ; Sharma et al, 2018 ).…”