Genetic Gain in Yield and Yield Attributing Traits of Rice under Upland Ecosystem of Fogera, Northwest Ethiopia

Ayenew, Bantalem Zeleke; Dejene, Tiegist; Worede, Fisseha

doi:10.47115/bsagriculture.639422

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 25 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…Given its relevance in breeding, regular estimation of the rate of genetic gain has been proposed to monitor the effectiveness of breeding programs (Covarrubias‐Pazaran, 2020; Rutkoski, 2019a). Genetic gain estimation has been conducted in several crops (Ayenew et al., 2021; Bezaweletaw et al., 2006; Karmakar & Bhatnagar, 1996; Tadesse et al., 2018; Yadav et al., 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic progress in cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] stemming from breeding modernization efforts at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture

Ongom,

Fatokun,

Togola

et al. 2024

The Plant Genome

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Genetic gain has been proposed as a quantifiable key performance indicator that can be used to monitor breeding programs’ effectiveness. The cowpea breeding program at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) has developed and released improved varieties in 70 countries globally. To quantify the genetic changes to grain yield and related traits, we exploited IITA cowpea historical multi‐environment trials (METs) advanced yield trial (AYT) data from 2010 to 2022. The genetic gain assessment targeted short duration (SD), medium duration (MD), and late duration (LD) breeding pipelines. A linear mixed model was used to calculate the best linear unbiased estimates (BLUE). Regressed BLUE of grain yield by year of genotype origin depicted realized genetic gain of 22.75 kg/ha/year (2.65%), 7.91 kg/ha/year (0.85%), and 22.82 kg/ha/year (2.51%) for SD, MD, and LD, respectively. No significant gain was realized in 100‐seed weight (Hsdwt). We predicted, based on 2022 MET data, that recycling the best genotypes at AYT stage would result in grain yield gain of 37.28 kg/ha/year (SD), 28.00 kg/ha/year (MD), and 34.85 kg/ha/year (LD), and Hsdwt gain of 0.48 g/year (SD), 0.68 g/year (MD), and 0.55 g/year (LD). These results demonstrated a positive genetic gain trend for cowpea, indicating that a yield plateau has not yet been reached and that accelerated gain is expected with the recent integration of genomics in the breeding program. Advances in genomics include the development of the reference genome, genotyping platforms, quantitative trait loci mapping of key traits, and active implementation of molecular breeding.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic progress in cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] stemming from breeding modernization efforts at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture

Ongom,

Fatokun,

Togola

et al. 2024

The Plant Genome

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Continuing genetic improvement and biases in genetic gain estimates revealed in historical UK variety trials data

Raymond,

Mackay,

Penfield

et al. 2023

Field Crops Research

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Realized Genetic Gain in Rice: Achievements from Breeding Programs

Seck,

Covarrubias-Pazaran,

Gueye

et al. 2023

Rice

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Genetic improvement is crucial for ensuring food security globally. Indeed, plant breeding has contributed significantly to increasing the productivity of major crops, including rice, over the last century. Evaluating the efficiency of breeding strategies necessitates a quantification of this progress. One approach involves assessing the genetic gain achieved through breeding programs based on quantitative traits. This study aims to provide a theoretical understanding of genetic gain, summarize the major results of genetic gain studies in rice breeding, and suggest ways of improving breeding program strategies and future studies on genetic gain. To achieve this, we present the concept of genetic gain and the essential aspects of its estimation. We also provide an extensive literature review of genetic gain studies in rice (Oryza sativa L.) breeding programs to understand the advances made to date. We reviewed 29 studies conducted between 1999 and 2023, covering different regions, traits, periods, and estimation methods. The genetic gain for grain yield, in particular, showed significant variation, ranging from 1.5 to 167.6 kg/ha/year, with a mean value of 36.3 kg/ha/year. This translated into a rate of genetic gain for grain yield ranging from 0.1% to over 3.0%. The impact of multi-trait selection on grain yield was clarified by studies that reported genetic gains for other traits, such as plant height, days to flowering, and grain quality. These findings reveal that while breeding programs have achieved significant gains, further improvements are necessary to meet the growing demand for rice. We also highlight the limitations of these studies, which hinder accurate estimations of genetic gain. In conclusion, we offer suggestions for improving the estimation of genetic gain based on quantitative genetic principles and computer simulations to optimize rice breeding strategies.

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Genetic Gain in Yield and Yield Attributing Traits of Rice under Upland Ecosystem of Fogera, Northwest Ethiopia

Cited by 3 publications

References 25 publications

Genetic progress in cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] stemming from breeding modernization efforts at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture

Genetic progress in cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] stemming from breeding modernization efforts at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture

Continuing genetic improvement and biases in genetic gain estimates revealed in historical UK variety trials data

Realized Genetic Gain in Rice: Achievements from Breeding Programs

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