Genetic Gain in Soybean Populations with Different Percentages of Plant Introduction Parentage

Abstract

Plant introductions (PIs) can be used to increase the genetic diversity of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] populations. A recurrent selection program was initiated to determine if populations with PI parentage would exhibit greater genetic gain for seed yield than a population with no PI parentage. The objective of our study was to evaluate the genetic gain for seed yield and correlated responses in maturity and lodging from three cycles of recurrent selection in five soybean populations, AP10 to AP14, formed with different percentages of PI parentage. The percentages of PI parentage were 100% in AP10, 75% in AP11, 50% in AP12, 25% in AP13, and 0% in AP14. In each cycle, 200 F4‐derived lines for each population were evaluated and the 20 highest yielding lines were chosen as parents for the next cycle. For our study, the 20 parents of Cycles 1, 2, and 3 were grown in a randomized complete‐block design at three Iowa locations. There was a significant (P < 0.01) linear increase in seed yield for all populations across the three cycles. The gain from selection for seed yield was 153 kg ha−1 (5.4%) cycle−1 for AP14, 80 (2.8%) for AP13, 85 (3.1%) for AP12, 54 (2.0%) for AP11, and 66 (2.5%) for AP10. AP14 had the highest mean yield of the parents of each cycle and the highest yielding parent of each cycle. A significant linear increase in mean days to maturity was observed in all populations, except AP13. Lodging scores exhibited a significant linear decrease in AP10 and AP13, but no significant response was observed in the other three populations. The results indicated that after three cycles of selection, Pis used to form AP10 to AP13 did not increase genetic gain for seed yield compared with AP14 that was developed from only adapted cultivars and experimental lines.

Predicting performance of soybean populations using genetic distances estimated with RAPD markers

“…However, when soybean populations are derived from adapted and non-adapted genotypes the mean is often considered more important than the variance in determining the potential of the populations (Aschoener and Fehr, 1979;Vello et al 1984;Ininda et al 1996). It seems that there is a strong tendency for the alleles present in adapted lines to contribute to increase mean seed yield of the populations, while alleles present in non-adapted lines seem to decrease yields.…”

Allele frequency and selection efficiency in cross populations of Andean x Mesoamerican common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L. Fabales, Fabaceae)

“…This may result in observations that are different from exotic germplasm (Vello et al, 1984;Ininda et al, 1996). However, as explained above, in our study the population with 50% of the parent alleles might not be the most secure option for success with selection, in spite of the high gain estimate.…”

“…One report was found for soybean (Ininda et al, 1996), but the authors used a recurrent selection program with three selection cycles to produce gain estimates of 2.8% for populations with 25% exotic germplasm, 3.1% for 50% exotic germplasm and 2.0% for 75% exotic germplasm.…”

“…To alleviate this effect, one possibility would be to use a backcross to increase the allele frequency in the direction of the parent which was more adapted or which had the desired phenotype. This alternative has been evaluated for some plant species (Vello et al, 1984;Ininda et al, 1996;Singh et al, 2002).…”

Improvement in genetic characteristics and oil yield of selected soybean progenies from octuple crosses

“…After three cycles of recurrent selection, Ininda et al (1996) suggested that selection of populations developed from top quality varieties continues to be the most efficient way to obtain varieties of high productivity.…”