Genetic evidence for a recent geographic expansion of 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol chemotypes of<i>Fusarium graminearum</i>in Canada

Mishra, Prashant; Tewari, J. P.; Turkington, Kelly; Clear, Randall M.

doi:10.1080/07060660909507621

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Mishra et al . () also found that 15ADON populations from Manitoba, Saskatchewan and Alberta were genetically similar and homogenous. However, correlation between population genetic structure and trichothecene genotype diversity may not often correlate in F. graminearum (Guo et al ., ; Burlakoti et al ., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Comparative population structure and trichothecene mycotoxin profiling of Fusarium graminearum from corn and wheat in Ontario, central Canada

Burlakoti¹,

Tamburic-Ilincic

Limay-Rios

et al. 2016

Plant Pathology

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Fusarium graminearum causes fusarium head blight (FHB) of wheat and gibberella ear rot (GER) of corn in Canada and also contaminates grains with trichothecene mycotoxins. Very little is known about trichothecene diversity and population structure of the fungus from corn in Ontario, central Canada. Trichothecene genotypes of F. graminearum isolated from corn (n = 452) and wheat (n = 110) from 2010 to 2012 were identified. All the isolates were deoxynivalenol (DON) type. About 96% of corn isolates and 98% of wheat isolates were 15-acetyl deoxynivalenol (15ADON) type. The fungal population structures from corn (n = 313) and wheat (n = 73) were compared using 10 variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) markers. The fungal populations and subpopulations categorized based on host, cultivar groups, years and geography showed high gene (H = 0.818-0.928) and genotypic (GD = 0.999-1.00) diversity. Gene flow was also high between corn and wheat population pairs (Nm = 8.212), and subpopulation pairs within corn (Nm = 7.13-23.614) or wheat (Nm = 19.483) populations. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that isolates from both hosts were F. graminearum clade 7. These findings provide baseline data on 3-acetyl deoxynivalenol (3ADON) and 15ADON profiles of F. graminearum isolates from corn in Canada and are useful in evaluating mycotoxin contamination risks in corn and wheat grains. Understanding the fungal genetic structure will assist evaluation and development of resistant cultivars/germplasm for FHB on wheat and GER on corn.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Comparative population structure and trichothecene mycotoxin profiling of Fusarium graminearum from corn and wheat in Ontario, central Canada

Burlakoti¹,

Tamburic-Ilincic

Limay-Rios

et al. 2016

Plant Pathology

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“…Ref. [ 51 ] reported a similar homogenous grouping of 15ADON isolates from Canada, but the main reason for this homogeneity is unclear. This structuring might be limited as there is continuous gene flow between the two-chemotype populations, which may explain the chemotype shifts observed over the years in western Canada.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Population Genetic Structure and Chemotype Diversity of Fusarium graminearum Populations from Wheat in Canada and North Eastern United States

Oghenekaro

Oviedo-Ludena

Serajazari

et al. 2021

Toxins

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Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a major disease in wheat causing severe economic losses globally by reducing yield and contaminating grain with mycotoxins. In Canada, Fusarium graminearum is the principal etiological agent of FHB in wheat, producing mainly the trichothecene mycotoxin, deoxynivalenol (DON) and its acetyl derivatives (15-acetyl deoxynivalenol (15ADON) and 3-acetyl deoxynivalenol (3ADON)). Understanding the population biology of F. graminearum such as the genetic variability, as well as mycotoxin chemotype diversity among isolates is important in developing sustainable disease management tools. In this study, 570 F. graminearum isolates collected from commercial wheat crops in five geographic regions in three provinces in Canada in 2018 and 2019 were analyzed for population diversity and structure using 10 variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) markers. A subset of isolates collected from the north-eastern United States was also included for comparative analysis. About 75% of the isolates collected in the Canadian provinces of Saskatchewan and Manitoba were 3ADON indicating a 6-fold increase in Saskatchewan and a 2.5-fold increase in Manitoba within the past 15 years. All isolates from Ontario and those collected from the United States were 15ADON and isolates had a similar population structure. There was high gene diversity (H = 0.803–0.893) in the F. graminearum populations in all regions. Gene flow was high between Saskatchewan and Manitoba (Nm = 4.971–21.750), indicating no genetic differentiation between these regions. In contrast, less gene flow was observed among the western provinces and Ontario (Nm = 3.829–9.756) and USA isolates ((Nm = 2.803–6.150). However, Bayesian clustering model analyses of trichothecene chemotype subpopulations divided the populations into two clusters, which was correlated with trichothecene types. Additionally, population cluster analysis revealed there was more admixture of isolates among isolates of the 3ADON chemotypes than among the 15ADON chemotype, an observation that could play a role in the increased virulence of F. graminearum. Understanding the population genetic structure and mycotoxin chemotype variations of the pathogen will assist in developing FHB resistant wheat cultivars and in mycotoxin risk assessment in Canada.

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“…From collections gathered in 1999 and 2000 from plant material showing FHB symptoms, Gale et al [70] reported that the strains from US wheat areas were mainly of the 15ADON genotype with genetically divergent populations of strains in the upper Midwest USA. From samples collected between 1998–2001 in grain-growing areas of Western Canada, a genetically homogenous population of the 15ADON genotype was observed [71]. By the end of the 1990s, things were changing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing genotype and chemotype of Fusarium graminearum from cereals in Ontario, Canada

et al. 2019

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Fusarium graminearum is responsible for production of the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) on maize and wheat in Ontario, Canada. It has been understood since the early 1980s that in most parts of Canada, the predominant chemotype of F . graminearum is 15ADON, and not the 3ADON chemotype mainly found in Europe and Asia. The discovery of F . graminearum strains that did not produce DON but the structurally related 7-α hydroxy, 15-deacetylcalonectrin (3ANX) and its hydrolysis product 7-α hydroxy, 3,15-dideacetylcalonectrin to (NX) demonstrated that we still have a lot to learn about this well studied but complicated fungus. We conducted a survey of maize and wheat samples from Ontario farms. In the 2015 crop year, we isolated 86 strains and tested a representative subset of 20 using the published genetic probes for assessing genotype. We also developed a targeted LC-MS/MS method for the identification and quantitation of known toxins from this species to determine chemotype. The results showed that 80% of our strains produced some 3ANX in addition to 15ADON and one strain produced 3ANX and no 15ADON. Comparison of chemical data with genotyping revealed that in more than 50% of the cases there was no clear agreement. These data demonstrate the importance of chemical analysis for understanding the toxigenic potential of strains, especially using a LC-MS method that is capable of differentiating 3ADON and 15ADON. For this collection, genotyping of isolates did not produce reliable information on the chemotype. This is the first report of 3ANX toxin production concurrently with 15ADON and suggests that the 3ANX producers in North America likely originated from the 15ADON background.

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Genetic evidence for a recent geographic expansion of 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol chemotypes ofFusarium graminearumin Canada

Cited by 9 publications

References 27 publications

Comparative population structure and trichothecene mycotoxin profiling of Fusarium graminearum from corn and wheat in Ontario, central Canada

Comparative population structure and trichothecene mycotoxin profiling of Fusarium graminearum from corn and wheat in Ontario, central Canada

Population Genetic Structure and Chemotype Diversity of Fusarium graminearum Populations from Wheat in Canada and North Eastern United States

Comparing genotype and chemotype of Fusarium graminearum from cereals in Ontario, Canada

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