Genetic evaluation of breeding strategies for improvement of dairy cattle in Kenya

Okeno, T.O.; Kosgey, I.S.; Kahi, A.K.

doi:10.1007/s11250-010-9528-z

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The four breeding strategies (closed progeny testing scheme (CPT), young bull system progeny of local bulls (PLB), continuous semen importation (CSI), and young bull system progeny of imported bulls (PIB) and their predicted economic responses considered in this study are presented in Table 1 (Okeno et al 2010). In the current study, only benefits resulting from genetic improvement were considered.…”

Section: Benefits and Costs Of Genetic Improvementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the current study, only benefits resulting from genetic improvement were considered. Traits in the breeding goal and their economic values in Kenya (importing country) and USA (exporting country) have been presented in Okeno et al (2010).…”

Section: Benefits and Costs Of Genetic Improvementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For CPT, it was assumed that the whole cow population was inseminated with semen from progeny tested bulls while for PLB this semen was used only on 5% of the cow population (bull dams) with the remainder being inseminated by semen from young bulls (Okeno et al 2010). The cost per straw of semen from progeny tested bulls and young bulls were US$ 5.00 and US$ 2.57, respectively (CAIS 2005).…”

Section: Benefits and Costs Of Genetic Improvementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The objective of this study was therefore to determine the economic merits of breeding strategies using cost-benefit analysis with net present value (NPV) as the economic evaluation criterion. The genetic merit has already been determined (Okeno et al 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Economic evaluation of breeding strategies for improvement of dairy cattle in Kenya

Okeno

Kosgey²,

Kahi³

2010

Trop Anim Health Prod

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Cost-benefit analysis using net present value (NPV) as the economic evaluation criterion was used to investigate the economic merits of four breeding strategies used for genetic improvement of dairy cattle in Kenya. The breeding strategies were evaluated over a 25-year period. The costs involved in setting up and running each strategy were obtained from large-scale dairy cattle farms, and government and private institutions involved in genetic improvement of dairy cattle. Only benefits from genetic improvement were considered. The impact on NPV due to changes in genetic and economic parameters was investigated. The ranking of the breeding strategies greatly differed with genetic ranking. Among the local selection programs, a strategy utilizing young bulls, sons of local bulls, was more profitable than one utilizing old progeny tested bulls. Continuous semen importation was not an economically viable alternative. The strategy utilizing young bulls progeny of imported bulls (PIB) was only viable if imports were from countries which are >2.00 SD in genetic merit above the local dairy cattle population. The ranking of strategies was not sensitive to changes in genetic parameters but to economic parameters. The use of local semen from young bulls progeny of local proven bulls is recommended. Alternatively, PIB can be utilized but the semen will have to be imported from countries which are >2.00 SD above the local dairy cattle population or the cost of imported semen should be < or = US$40 per straw.

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Section: Benefits and Costs Of Genetic Improvementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Benefits and Costs Of Genetic Improvementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Benefits and Costs Of Genetic Improvementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Economic evaluation of breeding strategies for improvement of dairy cattle in Kenya

Okeno

Kosgey²,

Kahi³

2010

Trop Anim Health Prod

Self Cite

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“…Small-sized programs may provide the means for improving local genetic resources in countries where infrastructure for large-size pedigree registration and milk recording are lacking (Kariuki et al, 2014). From the literature, it is well known that small-sized breeding programs can create significant genetic gains (Okeno et al, 2010b;Gizaw et al, 2014;Kariuki et al, 2014). However, successful implementation of such programs will ultimately be determined by their economic results.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic evaluation of progeny-testing and genomic selection schemes for small-sized nucleus dairy cattle breeding programs in developing countries

Kariuki

Brascamp

Komen

et al. 2017

Journal of Dairy Science

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In developing countries minimal and erratic performance and pedigree recording impede implementation of large-sized breeding programs. Small-sized nucleus programs offer an alternative but rely on their economic performance for their viability. We investigated the economic performance of 2 alternative small-sized dairy nucleus programs [i.e., progeny testing (PT) and genomic selection (GS)] over a 20-yr investment period. The nucleus was made up of 453 male and 360 female animals distributed in 8 non-overlapping age classes. Each year 10 active sires and 100 elite dams were selected. Populations of commercial recorded cows (CRC) of sizes 12,592 and 25,184 were used to produce test daughters in PT or to create a reference population in GS, respectively. Economic performance was defined as gross margins, calculated as discounted revenues minus discounted costs following a single generation of selection. Revenues were calculated as cumulative discounted expressions (CDE, kg) × 0.32 (€/kg of milk) × 100,000 (size commercial population). Genetic superiorities, deterministically simulated using pseudo-BLUP index and CDE, were determined using gene flow. Costs were for one generation of selection. Results show that GS schemes had higher cumulated genetic gain in the commercial cow population and higher gross margins compared with PT schemes. Gross margins were between 3.2-and 5.2-fold higher for GS, depending on size of the CRC population. The increase in gross margin was mostly due to a decreased generation interval and lower running costs in GS schemes. In PT schemes many bulls are culled before selection. We therefore also compared 2 schemes in which semen was stored instead of keeping live bulls. As expected, semen storage resulted in an increase in gross margins in PT schemes, but gross margins remained lower than those of GS schemes. We conclude that implementation of small-sized GS breeding schemes can be economically viable for developing countries.

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Genetic and economic efficiency of integrating reproductive technologies in cattle breeding programme in Kenya

Gicheha

Akidiva

Cheruiyot

2018

Trop Anim Health Prod

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We hypothesised that use of reproductive technologies (RTs) would result in increases in economic and genetic gains of a dairy cattle breeding programme. A deterministic approach was used to compare RTs that can be utilised to increase dairy cattle productivity and profitability in Kenya. These were artificial insemination (AI), embryo transfer (ET) using old (ET) and young (ET) bulls and in vitro fertilisation (IVF). Natural mating (NA) was assumed to be the standard reproduction practice in Kenya against which the genetic and economic efficiencies of the RTs were compared. A three tiers open nucleus system was assumed to describe the dairy cattle breeding programme in Kenya. It was open to use of imported semen in the nucleus. The nucleus was assumed to be closed to upward movement of live animals. This is the common practice in Kenya where large farms act as the nucleus from which the multipliers (medium-sized farms) buy replacement stock and subsequently sell replacement animals to the commercial sector (smallholder farms). The increase in monetary gain ranged between 11% when AI was used and 184% when utilising either juvenile ET or IVF. The ET and IVF resulted in similar economic and genetic responses for all comparison criteria. The generation interval reduced by between 0.8% in AI and 47% in ET and IVF technologies. The respective milk yield (MY) and daily weight gain (dWG) responses were between 25 to 150% and 0 to 110% for the AI and ET and IVF.

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Genetic evaluation of breeding strategies for improvement of dairy cattle in Kenya

Cited by 11 publications

References 11 publications

Economic evaluation of breeding strategies for improvement of dairy cattle in Kenya

Economic evaluation of breeding strategies for improvement of dairy cattle in Kenya

Economic evaluation of progeny-testing and genomic selection schemes for small-sized nucleus dairy cattle breeding programs in developing countries

Genetic and economic efficiency of integrating reproductive technologies in cattle breeding programme in Kenya

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