Genetic evaluation for beef carcass traits

Bertrand, J. K.; Green, R. D.; Herring, William; Moser, Daniel W.

doi:10.2527/jas2001.79e-supple190x

Cited by 43 publications

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“…Generally, as carcass weight increases fat content also increases (Keane and Allen, 1999;Drennan et al, 2005;Kirkland et al, 2006), but the results in the present study indicate that selection on BCI leads to increased weight but decreased fat content, which is desirable. One likely explanation is, while there is a positive genetic correlation between carcass weight and fatness (Marshall, 1994;Gregory et al, 1995;Bertrand et al, 2001;Hickey et al, 2007) the directions of the economic values assigned to each trait in the index differ so that, in this case, selection response is positive for carcass weight and negative for fat. Also, some of these interactions, e.g.…”

Section: Beef Carcass Indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Live animal measurements, carcass composition and plasma hormone and metabolite concentrations in male progeny of sires differing in genetic merit for beef production

Clarke

Drennan

McGee

et al. 2009

Animal

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In genetic improvement programmes for beef cattle, the effect of selecting for a given trait or index on other economically important traits, or their predictors, must be quantified to ensure no deleterious consequential effects go unnoticed. The objective was to compare live animal measurements, carcass composition and plasma hormone and metabolite concentrations of male progeny of sires selected on an economic index in Ireland. This beef carcass index (BCI) is expressed in euros and based on weaning weight, feed intake, carcass weight and carcass conformation and fat scores. The index is used to aid in the genetic comparison of animals for the expected profitability of their progeny at slaughter. A total of 107 progeny from beef sires of high (n 5 11) or low (n 5 11) genetic merit for the BCI were compared in either a bull (slaughtered at 16 months of age) or steer (slaughtered at 24 months of age) production system, following purchase after weaning (8 months of age) from commercial beef herds. Data were analysed as a 2 3 2 factorial design (two levels of genetic merit by two production systems). Progeny of high BCI sires had heavier carcasses, greater ( P , 0.01) muscularity scores after weaning, greater ( P , 0.05) skeletal scores and scanned muscle depth pre-slaughter, higher ( P , 0.05) plasma insulin concentrations and greater ( P , 0.01) animal value (obtained by multiplying carcass weight by carcass value, which was based on the weight of meat in each cut by its commercial value) than progeny of low BCI sires. Regression of progeny performance on sire genetic merit was also undertaken across the entire data set. In steers, the effect of BCI on carcass meat proportion, calculated carcass value (c/kg) and animal value was positive ( P , 0.01), while a negative association was observed for scanned fat depth pre-slaughter and carcass fat proportion ( P , 0.01), but there was no effect in bulls. The effect of sire expected progeny difference (EPD) for carcass weight followed the same trends as BCI. Muscularity scores, carcass meat proportion and calculated carcass value increased, whereas scanned fat depth, carcass fat and bone proportions decreased with increasing sire EPD for conformation score. The opposite association was observed for sire EPD for fat score. Results from this study show that selection using the BCI had positive effects on live animal muscularity, carcass meat proportion, proportions of high-value cuts and carcass value in steer progeny, which are desirable traits in beef production.

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Section: Beef Carcass Indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Live animal measurements, carcass composition and plasma hormone and metabolite concentrations in male progeny of sires differing in genetic merit for beef production

Clarke

Drennan

McGee

et al. 2009

Animal

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“…Though positive phenotypic correlations between carcass backfat thickness and marbling score have been reported (Hamilton 1995;Crews and Kemp 2001), it is known that such correlations usually result when cattle are slaughtered at higher levels of finish and that backfat thickness, by itself, may account for only a small proportion of the variation in marbling (Bertrand et al 2001).…”

Section: Et Al (2002) Lines Based On British Breeds (Angus Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, the correlation between backfat thickness and marbling score has been reported to be either very low in magnitude or not different from zero (Bertrand et al 2001;Boyles 2002). Though positive phenotypic correlations between carcass backfat thickness and marbling score have been reported (Hamilton 1995;Crews and Kemp 2001), it is known that such correlations usually result when cattle are slaughtered at higher levels of finish and that backfat thickness, by itself, may account for only a small proportion of the variation in marbling (Bertrand et al 2001).…”

Section: Et Al (2002) Lines Based On British Breeds (Angus Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…w Yield grade refers to lean meat yield: 1 = 59% or better, 2 = 54% to less than 59%, and 3 = less than 54% lean meat yield. v Lean meat yield, % = 57.96 + (0.202 × L. thoracis area, cm 2 ) -(0.027 × warm carcass weight, kg) -(0.703 × average backfat thickness, mm) (Jones et al 1984 Buchanan et al (2002), as well as generally accepted literature evidence indicating the negative genetic and phenotypic relationship between carcass backfat thickness on the one hand and rib eye area and lean meat yield on the other (Arnold et al 1991;Morris et al 1999;Bertrand et al 2001;Boyles 2002). As a result of this known relationship, external fat depth is a negative factor in the formula used for calculating lean meat yield in most carcass evaluation systems, including the Canadian carcass grading system (Jones et al 1984).…”

Section: Et Al (2002) Lines Based On British Breeds (Angus Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the heritability of carcass backfat thickness, rib eye area and lean meat yield has been shown to range from moderate to high (Morris et al 1999;Bertrand et al 2001;Crews and Kemp 2001).…”

Section: Et Al (2002) Lines Based On British Breeds (Angus Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association of a single nucleotide polymorphism in the bovine leptin gene with feed intake, feed efficiency, growth, feeding behaviour, carcass quality and body composition

Nkrumah¹,

Li²,

Basarab³

et al. 2004

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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S. S. 2004. Association of a single nucleotide polymorphism in the bovine leptin gene with feed intake, feed efficiency, growth, feeding behaviour, carcass quality and body composition. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 84: 211-219. Leptin is a 16-kDa-hormone product of the obese gene synthesized and expressed predominantly by adipose tissues, which has been shown to play major roles in the regulation of body weight, feed intake, energy balance, fertility, and immune system functions. We report an investigation into the association of a previously identified cytosine to thymine missense mutation in exon 2 of the bovine leptin gene with feed intake, feed efficiency, growth, feeding behaviour, carcass quality and body composition in five genetic selection lines of a commercial population of beef cattle. Differences among genotypes in growth, feed intake and feed efficiency were not significant (P > 0.10) though steers homozygous for the thymine allele had positive residual feed intake (i.e., consumed more feed than expected) (+ 0.19 kg d -1 ) whilst steers homozygous for the cytosine allele had negative residual feed intake (-0.18 kg d -1 ). Steers carrying the thymine allele had a higher rate of gain in ultrasound backfat (P = 0.02), ultrasound backfat thickness (P = 0.06), higher carcass grade fat (backfat) (P = 0.005), lower yield grade (P = 0.01) and lower lean meat yield (P = 0.007). The thymine allele also tended to be associated with higher loin subcutaneous fat (P = 0.07) and was associated with higher brisket subcutaneous fat (P = 0.01), and brisket body cavity fat (P = 0.0001). No associations were found among the different genotypes and real-time ultrasound marbling, ultrasound longissimus thoracis area, carcass marbling and carcass longissimus thoracis area (P > 0.10). Our results show that animals carrying the thymine allele versus the cytosine allele may produce carcasses with poorer grades and lower lean meat yields but do not differ in carcass marbling or other fat depots.Key words: Beef cattle, leptin, feed intake, carcass merit Nkrumah, J. D., Li, C., Basarab, J. B., Guercio, S., Meng, Y., Murdoch, B., Hansen, C. et Moore, S. S. 2004. Association du polymorphisme d'un nucléotide du gène de la leptine bovine à la prise alimentaire, à la valorisation des aliments, à la croissance, aux habitudes alimentaires, à la qualité de la carcasse et à la composition corporelle. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 84: 211-219. La leptine est un dérivé hormonal 16-kDa du gène de l'obésité synthétisé et principalement exprimé par les tissus adipeux. On sait qu'elle joue un rôle important dans la régulation du poids, la prise d'aliments, le bilan énergétique, la fécondité et les fonctions du système immun. Les auteurs ont étudié l'association d'une mutation faux-sens entre la cytosine et la thymine rapportée antérieurement dans la partie exon 2 du gène de la leptine bovine avec la prise alimentaire, la valorisation des aliments, la croissance, les habitudes alimentaires, la qualité de la carcasse et la composition corporelle de cinq lignées d'...

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Genetics and cattle breeding

Spangler

2024

Encyclopedia of Meat Sciences

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Genetic evaluation for beef carcass traits

Cited by 43 publications

References 0 publications

Live animal measurements, carcass composition and plasma hormone and metabolite concentrations in male progeny of sires differing in genetic merit for beef production

Live animal measurements, carcass composition and plasma hormone and metabolite concentrations in male progeny of sires differing in genetic merit for beef production

Association of a single nucleotide polymorphism in the bovine leptin gene with feed intake, feed efficiency, growth, feeding behaviour, carcass quality and body composition

Genetics and cattle breeding

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