Genetic Erosion of Phoenix dactylifera L.: Perceptible, Probable, or Possible

Jaradat, Abdullah A.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-25954-3_4

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 188 publications

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“…Fifteen to 20 named types in Siwa is not a lot compared to the number of named types described in other oases. Assessing the agrobiodiversity of date palm is a difficult exercise and carried out using noncomparable competing methodologies (Jaradat, ). As a result, it is difficult to establish the terms of comparison of agrobiodiversity between oases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the necessity of combining ethnobotany and genetics to assess agrobiodiversity and its evolution in crops: A case study on date palms (Phoenix dactyliferaL.) in Siwa Oasis, Egypt

Gros-Balthazard

Battesti

Ivorra

et al. 2020

Evolutionary Applications

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Crop diversity is shaped by biological and social processes interacting at different spatiotemporal scales. Here, we combined population genetics and ethnobotany to investigate date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) diversity in Siwa Oasis, Egypt. Based on interviews with farmers and observation of practices in the field, we collected 149 date palms from Siwa Oasis and 27 uncultivated date palms from abandoned oases in the surrounding desert. Using genotyping data from 18 nuclear and plastid microsatellite loci, we confirmed that some named types each constitute a clonal line, that is, a true‐to‐type cultivar. We also found that others are collections of clonal lines, that is, ethnovarieties, or even unrelated samples, that is, local categories. This alters current assessments of agrobiodiversity, which are visibly underestimated, and uncovers the impact of low‐intensity, but highly effective, farming practices on biodiversity. These hardly observable practices, hypothesized by ethnographic survey and confirmed by genetic analysis, are enabled by the way Isiwans conceive and classify living beings in their oasis, which do not quite match the way biologists do: a classic disparity of etic versus. emic categorizations. In addition, we established that Siwa date palms represent a unique and highly diverse genetic cluster, rather than a subset of North African and Middle Eastern palm diversity. As previously shown, North African date palms display evidence of introgression by the wild relative Phoenix theophrasti, and we found that the uncultivated date palms from the abandoned oases share even more alleles with this species than cultivated palms in this region. The study of Siwa date palms could hence be a key to the understanding of date palm diversification in North Africa. Integration of ethnography and population genetics promoted the understanding of the interplay between diversity management in the oasis (short‐time scale), and the origins and dynamic of diversity through domestication and diversification (long‐time scale).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the necessity of combining ethnobotany and genetics to assess agrobiodiversity and its evolution in crops: A case study on date palms (Phoenix dactyliferaL.) in Siwa Oasis, Egypt

Gros-Balthazard

Battesti

Ivorra

et al. 2020

Evolutionary Applications

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“…These implications include plant breeding and ecosystem restoration for horticulture, agroforestry, and farm animals (Priyanka et al, 2021). Advance breeding materials, plants that have been developed by plant breeders (Marshall, 2016), Improved germplasm, plant material that exhibits one or more desirable characteristics (Engelmann, 2006), Landrace, those strain improved by the grower themselves without using any modern techniques of breeding (Jaradat, 2016), and others are different types of germplasm on the advancement in the agroecosystem.…”

Section: Review Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many tree and shrub species' seeds also have difficulty being preserved at low temperatures because they are still immature when they are shed, have higher moisture contents, and are more susceptible to chilling (Imarhiagbe et al, 2016). Loss of genotypes, subspecies, or varieties (Jaradat, 2016) or the extinction of a portion of a species' gene pool in a particular location. The spread of modern varieties in improvement programs is the main cause of genetic depletion (Hammer and Teklu, 2008).…”

Section: Limitation Of Germplasm Conservationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into the germplasm conservation and utilization: Implications for sustainable agriculture and future crop improvement

Yadav,

Pandit,

Banjade

et al. 2024

Arch. Agric. Environ. Sci.

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Plant genetic resources are critical for maintaining global biodiversity and ensuring food security. However, these resources face threats from factors such as habitat loss and climate change, with approximately 22% of plant species estimated to be at risk of extinction. To address this issue, both natural and biotechnological methods are being developed to preserve plant genetic resources, with germplasm being a key component. Germplasm contains the complete genetic information of a plant and can be stored for extended periods and replicated as required. The objective of this study is to emphasize the importance of preserving germplasm of endangered or near-extinct plant species through in situ and ex situ conservation methods. In situ conservation involves conserving species in their natural environment, while ex situ conservation includes using gene-seed banks and tissue culture to store genetic resources. These methods are crucial for maintaining genetic diversity and preventing the loss of valuable plant resources. The study highlights the various ex situ conservation methods, including cryopreservation, pollen and DNA banks, farmer's fields, botanic gardens, genetic reserves, and slow-growing cultures, which are essential for preserving germplasm. Gene banks worldwide currently hold over 7.4 million accessions of crop genetic resources, demonstrating the value of germplasm conservation efforts. Additionally, understanding the phenotypic and genetic characterization of related species is crucial for identifying endangered or vulnerable species that can diversify into new varieties or subspecies. In conclusion, prioritizing germplasm conservation efforts is crucial for meeting future demands while preserving endangered or vulnerable species. This will ensure that plant genetic resources remain available for future generations and that agricultural innovation can effectively address global food security challenges.

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“…For instance, climate change impacts such as rising temperatures, prolonged droughts and increased salinity, pose the significant threats to the DP cultivation particularly in the arid regions [87,88]. Furthermore, the loss of genetic diversity in the DP germplasm due to new urbanization in the agricultural land, habitat destruction and the prioritization of the few commercially successful cultivars could limit the ability to adapt to changing environment conditions and market demands [89]. Addressing these challenges would require a sustained interdisciplinary research efforts and the integration of emerging biotechnologies such as gene editing, high throughput phenomics, synthetic biology, and the advanced computational biology techniques .The responsible and ethical development and its deployment along with the robust regulatory frameworks, risks assessment protocols and public engagement efforts are essential [90].Hence the synergistic integration of AI-ML and emerging biotechnologies holds a great promise for the future of the DP industry, leading to innovative solutions for addressing complex challenges such as climate adaptation, sustainable intensification and the development of value-added DP products.…”

Section: Integration With Precision Agriculturementioning

confidence: 99%

Advancements in Date Palm Genomics and Biotechnology Genomic Resources to the Precision Agriculture: A Comprehensive Review

Pandey,

Tripathi,

Pandey

et al. 2024

Preprint

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In many parts of the Asia, particularly in the arid regions of the middle east the date palm i.e. Phoneix dactylifera L. is considered a significant plant both culturally and economically. Over the past decade numerous biotechnological tools have been applied to revolutionize the date palm research and its cultivation process. In this comprehensive review ,we provided the in depth overview of the cutting edge developments in the date palm biotechnology, mentioning the important areas such as genomics, genetic engineering, in vitro propagation, omics technologies, and the integration of the artificial intelligence and machine learning (AI-ML).Due to these advancements ,in the date palm production how the date palm production lead the production of superior date palm cultivars with the improved yield ,fruit quality and resilience to biotic and abiotic stresses. Also it explores the application of the biotech tools in the enhancing pest and disease management strategies, increasing date palm productivity and developing the date palm based bio-factories for the production of high value compounds. This review highlights the current challenges faced by the date palm industries ,including the limited water resources ,genetic erosion , pests and disease and the need for improved postharvest handling and processing. It examines how these tools coupled with AI-based approaches can be leveraged to address these challenges and ensure the long term sustainability of date palm cultivation.

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Genetic Erosion of Phoenix dactylifera L.: Perceptible, Probable, or Possible

Cited by 11 publications

References 188 publications

On the necessity of combining ethnobotany and genetics to assess agrobiodiversity and its evolution in crops: A case study on date palms (Phoenix dactyliferaL.) in Siwa Oasis, Egypt

On the necessity of combining ethnobotany and genetics to assess agrobiodiversity and its evolution in crops: A case study on date palms (Phoenix dactyliferaL.) in Siwa Oasis, Egypt

Insights into the germplasm conservation and utilization: Implications for sustainable agriculture and future crop improvement

Advancements in Date Palm Genomics and Biotechnology Genomic Resources to the Precision Agriculture: A Comprehensive Review

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