Genetic epidemiology of health disparities in allergy and clinical immunology

Barnes, Kathleen C.

doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2005.11.030

Cited by 59 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 107 publications

(93 reference statements)

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“…Two important racial and ethnic-specific factors may influence the relevance of this interaction in different populations. First, the frequency of the T allele varies from 32% in populations of African descent to 53% in Mexican Americans [11]. Second, cultural factors such as exposure to SHS, dog ownership and certain types of farming are associated with high levels of endotoxin exposure and vary by race and ethnicity [10].…”

Section: Gene-environment Interactions and Asthmamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the majority of asthma candidate gene studies and genome-wide linkage analyses have been performed on populations of European descent. Only three genome-wide linkage screens for asthma have included racial or ethnic minorities; one study included African American and Latino populations, one was performed on a Costa Rican population and another was conducted on an Asian population [11][12][13][14]. The only whole-genome association study of asthma thus far investigated two European populations [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Race, ethnicity and social class and the complex etiologies of asthma

2008

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SummaryAsthma is a common but complex respiratory disease caused by the interaction of genetic and environmental factors. Significant racial and ethnic disparities in prevalence, mortality, and drug response have been described. These disparities may be explained by racial and ethnic-specific variation in genetic, environmental, social and psychological risk factors. In addition, race, ethnicity, and social class are important proxies for unmeasured factors that influence health outcomes. Herein, we review salient differences in the etiologies of asthma by race, ethnicity and social class, and argue for their continued use as variables in asthma research.

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Section: Gene-environment Interactions and Asthmamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Race, ethnicity and social class and the complex etiologies of asthma

2008

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“…Identification of genetic susceptibility to asthma is complicated by heterogeneity of the clinical phenotype, variable approaches to diagnose and define asthma, and high probability that multiple genetic and environmental factors contribute to disease development. In addition, there are discrepancies in the burden of asthma among different ethnicities, and it is possible that the gene variants influencing susceptibility in these populations are divergent from those in populations of Northern European descent (39).…”

Section: Asthmamentioning

confidence: 99%

The State of Genome-Wide Association Studies in Pulmonary Disease

Todd

Goldstein²,

Ge³

et al. 2011

Am J Respir Crit Care Med

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“…Racial admixture may be an additional important factor [52], either tending to mitigate the chances of finding significant relationships between genes and environment or leading to false positive findings through unsuspected population stratification. In African-Americans, admixture may be as high as 22% [53].…”

Section: Barriers To Study Of Gene-environment Interactions In Sarcoimentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene-environment interactions in sarcoidosis: challenge and opportunity

Culver¹,

Newman²,

Kavuru³

2007

Clinics in Dermatology

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Susceptibility to most human diseases is polygenic, with complex interactions between functional polymorphisms of single genes governing disease incidence, phenotype, or both. In this context, the contribution of any discrete gene is generally modest for a single individual, but may confer substantial attributable risk on a population level. Environmental exposure can modify the effects of a polymorphism, either by providing a necessary substrate for development of human disease or because the effects of a given exposure modulate the effects of the gene. In several diseases, genetic polymorphisms have been shown to be context-dependent, i.e. the effects of a genetic variant are realized only in the setting of a relevant exposure. Since sarcoidosis susceptibility is dependent on both genetic and environmental modifiers, the study of gene-environment interactions may yield important pathogenetic information and will likely be crucial for uncovering the range of genetic susceptibility loci. However, the complexity of these relationships implies that investigations of geneenvironment interactions will require the study of large cohorts with carefully-defined exposures and similar clinical phenotypes. A general principle is that the study of gene-environment interactions requires a sample size at least several-fold greater than for either factor alone. To date, the presence of environmental modifiers has been demonstrated for one sarcoidosis susceptibility locus, HLA-DQB1, in African-American families. This article reviews general considerations obtaining for the study of gene-environment interactions in sarcoidosis. It also describes the limited current understanding of the role of environmental influences on sarcoidosis susceptibility genes.

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Genetic epidemiology of health disparities in allergy and clinical immunology

Cited by 59 publications

References 107 publications

Race, ethnicity and social class and the complex etiologies of asthma

Race, ethnicity and social class and the complex etiologies of asthma

The State of Genome-Wide Association Studies in Pulmonary Disease

Gene-environment interactions in sarcoidosis: challenge and opportunity

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