Genetic Engineering of Rice to Fortify Micronutrients

Roychoudhury, Aryadeep; Bhowmik, Rituparna

doi:10.1007/978-981-15-5337-0_24

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Moreover, PSY and lycopene βcyclase (β-lcy) extracted from daffodil also exhibited an increase in vitamin A concentration of around 1.6 µg/g DW (111)(112)(113) in rice. An overexpression of soybean ferritin gene Soyfer H-1 gene resulted in an increase of Fe contents to as high as 38.1 µg Fe/g of DW, Phaseolus ferritin improving iron concentration to 22.07 µg Fe/g DW, Osfer2 to 7.0 µg/g DW, while OsNAS2 increased it to 19 µg/g DW (114). Moreover, overexpression of ferritin under control of endosperm-specific promoters' globulinb 1 (OsGlb 1 ) and glutelin B 1 (OsGluB 1 ), NAS with control of OsActin1 promoter and OsYSL2 along with OsGlb 1 and OsSUT 1 transport promoters resulted in iron biofortification in polished rice (115).…”

Section: Transgenic Breeding Cerealsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biofortification of Cereals and Pulses Using New Breeding Techniques: Current and Future Perspectives

et al. 2021

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Cereals and pulses are consumed as a staple food in low-income countries for the fulfillment of daily dietary requirements and as a source of micronutrients. However, they are failing to offer balanced nutrition due to deficiencies of some essential compounds, macronutrients, and micronutrients, i.e., cereals are deficient in iron, zinc, some essential amino acids, and quality proteins. Meanwhile, the pulses are rich in anti-nutrient compounds that restrict the bioavailability of micronutrients. As a result, the population is suffering from malnutrition and resultantly different diseases, i.e., anemia, beriberi, pellagra, night blindness, rickets, and scurvy are common in the society. These facts highlight the need for the biofortification of cereals and pulses for the provision of balanced diets to masses and reduction of malnutrition. Biofortification of crops may be achieved through conventional approaches or new breeding techniques (NBTs). Conventional approaches for biofortification cover mineral fertilization through foliar or soil application, microbe-mediated enhanced uptake of nutrients, and conventional crossing of plants to obtain the desired combination of genes for balanced nutrient uptake and bioavailability. Whereas, NBTs rely on gene silencing, gene editing, overexpression, and gene transfer from other species for the acquisition of balanced nutritional profiles in mutant plants. Thus, we have highlighted the significance of conventional and NBTs for the biofortification of cereals and pulses. Current and future perspectives and opportunities are also discussed. Further, the regulatory aspects of newly developed biofortified transgenic and/or non-transgenic crop varieties via NBTs are also presented.

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