Genetic Engineering of Lipid Biosynthesis in Seeds

Singer, Stacy D.; Greer, Michael S.; Mietkiewska, Elzbieta; Pan, Xue; Weselake, Randall J.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-7795-2_7

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 181 publications

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“…Triacylglycerol comprises an esterified derivative of a glycerol molecule and three fatty acids, and is used as a primary storage component in seeds (Singer et al, 2013). Its biosynthesis consists of acyl carrier protein (ACP)‐dependent de novo fatty acid synthesis, which occurs exclusively in plastids (Ohlrogge et al, 1979), and TAG biosynthesis, which takes place mainly on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) (Allen et al, 2015; Weselake et al, 2009; Fig.…”

Section: Seed Oil Biosynthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Existing data on seed oil improvements via gene knock‐out using CRISPR/Cas‐mediated genome editing suggests that altering fatty acid composition is highly feasible due to the relatively simple genetic basis of these traits (Table 1). On the other hand, the augmentation of seed oil content using this technology will likely be complicated due to the complexity of lipid metabolism (Singer et al, 2013), as well as gaps in our understanding of the biosynthetic pathways involved (e.g., Singer et al, 2016). Indeed, only modest increases in seed oil content have been achieved to date even when using multigene and/or highly tissue‐specific transgenic approaches.…”

Section: Possible Routes To Boost Seed Oil Content Using Genome Editingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As such, this projected increase in required production could be underestimated in the case of oilseed crops (El‐Hamidi and Zaher, 2018; Villanueva‐Mejia and Alvarez, 2017). While meeting this challenge will likely require the remedy of various sociopolitical issues, including excessive levels of food wastage and inequities in terms of global food distribution, the development of new oilseed cultivars with increased seed oil content (Xu et al, 2018c) or altered fatty acid composition optimized for end use (food, feed, energy or industry; Singer et al, 2013), could provide one piece of the puzzle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Potential of Genome Editing for Improving Seed Oil Content and Fatty Acid Composition in Oilseed Crops

Subedi

Jayawardhane

Pan

et al. 2020

Lipids

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A continuous rise in demand for vegetable oils, which comprise mainly the storage lipid triacylglycerol, is fueling a surge in research efforts to increase seed oil content and improve fatty acid composition in oilseed crops. Progress in this area has been achieved using both conventional breeding and transgenic approaches to date. However, further advancements using traditional breeding methods will be complicated by the polyploid nature of many oilseed crops and associated time constraints, while public perception and the prohibitive cost of regulatory processes hinders the commercialization of transgenic oilseed crops. As such, genome editing using CRISPR/Cas is emerging as a breakthrough breeding tool that could provide a platform to keep pace with escalating demand while potentially minimizing regulatory burden. In this review, we discuss the technology itself and progress that has been made thus far with respect to its use in oilseed crops to improve seed oil content and quality. Furthermore, we examine a number of genes that may provide ideal targets for genome editing in this context, as well as new CRISPR-related tools that have the potential to be applied to oilseed plants and may allow additional gains to be made in the future.

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Section: Seed Oil Biosynthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Possible Routes To Boost Seed Oil Content Using Genome Editingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Potential of Genome Editing for Improving Seed Oil Content and Fatty Acid Composition in Oilseed Crops

Subedi

Jayawardhane

Pan

et al. 2020

Lipids

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“…Because of its popularity as a renewable resource, the consumption of seed oil has been increasing simultaneously with the rapidly growing population and upgraded standards of living ( Marchive et al., 2014 ; Samarth and Mahanwar, 2015 ). To meet these rising demands, there is an urgent need to develop new oilseed cultivars with improved oil content and composition ( Singer et al., 2013 ; Xu et al., 2018 ). Many research efforts have been focused into the improvement of seed oil over the years using conventional or molecular-assisted breeding approaches, as well as more targeted genetic manipulation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress in understanding and improving oil content and quality in seeds

2023

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The world’s population is projected to increase by two billion by 2050, resulting in food and energy insecurity. Oilseed crops have been identified as key to address these challenges: they produce and store lipids in the seeds as triacylglycerols that can serve as a source of food/feed, renewable fuels, and other industrially-relevant chemicals. Therefore, improving seed oil content and composition has generated immense interest. Research efforts aiming to unravel the regulatory pathways involved in fatty acid synthesis and to identify targets for metabolic engineering have made tremendous progress. This review provides a summary of the current knowledge of oil metabolism and discusses how photochemical activity and unconventional pathways can contribute to high carbon conversion efficiency in seeds. It also highlights the importance of 13C-metabolic flux analysis as a tool to gain insights on the pathways that regulate oil biosynthesis in seeds. Finally, a list of key genes and regulators that have been recently targeted to enhance seed oil production are reviewed and additional possible targets in the metabolic pathways are proposed to achieve desirable oil content and quality.

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Production of Biodiesel from Plant Oils

Singer

Weselake

2018

Plant Bioproducts

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Genetic Engineering of Lipid Biosynthesis in Seeds

Cited by 3 publications

References 181 publications

The Potential of Genome Editing for Improving Seed Oil Content and Fatty Acid Composition in Oilseed Crops

The Potential of Genome Editing for Improving Seed Oil Content and Fatty Acid Composition in Oilseed Crops

Progress in understanding and improving oil content and quality in seeds

Production of Biodiesel from Plant Oils

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