Genetic diversity within and among populations of a threatened species: Erodium paularense Fern. Gonz. & Izco

Abstract

Erodium paularense Fern. Gonz. & Izco (Geraniaceae) is a perennial, endemic species of central Spain. The restricted distribution of its three populations has made it necessary to consider measures for conservation. Random amplified polymorphic DNA markers were used to determine genetic variation among and within populations. Sixty‐three per cent of the bands were polymorphic. No population‐specific marker was identified. Cluster analysis based on Jaccard's coefficient of all the individuals grouped most of them according to the present populations. Within‐population variability was of a similar order in the three populations. Highly significant genetic differences between populations were detected through AMOVA. Within population diversity contributed 80–85% to the species diversity, a value typical of an outbreeding plant.

Status and prospects for the conservation of remnant semi-natural carob Ceratonia siliqua L. populations in Lebanon

“…A comparison with other reported outcrossing species such as Digitalis obscura (Nebauer et al, 1999), Fitzroya cupressoides (Allnutt et al, 1999), Colubrina oppositifolia and Alphitonia ponderosa (Kwon and Morden, 2002), and Cedrela oderata (Gillies et al, 1997) revealed that the obtained value for carob is near the upper limit of the range and, therefore, suggests a future loss of diversity with decreasing population size and increase in their isolation. This result was confirmed by AMOVA, which revealed values that are comparable to other reported values for outbreeding species (Sales et al, 2001;Martin et al, 1997;Allnutt et al, 1999;Nebauer et al, 1999;Gillies et al, 1997) (Table 6). A significant difference was noted between and within populations indicating that despite the highly threatened habitats, the species still harbors distinctions between individuals and populations although, the overall diversity is relatively low (Table 6).…”

Genetic diversity in Eremostachys superba Royle ex Benth. (Lamiaceae), an endangered Himalayan species, as assessed by RAPD

“…Extensive literature reviews based on molecular analyses have established that allogamous species typically have a high proportion of genetic variation found within populations but low variation exclusively among populations (Gottlieb 1977;Loveless and Hamrick 1984;Huff et al 1993;Martín et al 1997Martín et al , 1999Gugerli et al 1999). Bussel's review (1999) estimated that the genetic differentiation among populations of allogamous species analysed by RAPD polymorphism, based on Shannon's index, ranges between 15% and 38%, and, based on AMOVA, is usually < 40%.…”

Genetic variation and reproduction strategy of Gentiana pannonica in different habitats

“…Most widely distributed species of vascular plants have a high amount of withinpopulation genetic diversity (Barrett and Kohn, 1991;Hamrick and Godt, 1989). In particular, outbreeding, wind-pollinated and long-lived species tend to have higher levels of within-population genetic diversity than self-pollinated, annual or short-lived ones (Gabrielsen et al, 1997;Jime´nez et al, 2002;Martı´n et al, 1997;Scho¨nswetter et al, 2006;Segarra-Moragues and Catala´n, 2003). Low levels of genetic variability are commonly but not universally (Martı´n et al, 1997) found in rare or geographically restricted species.…”