Genetic Diversity of Thiamin and Folate in Primitive Cultivated and Wild Potato (<i>Solanum</i>) Species

Goyer, Aymeric; Sweek, Kortney

doi:10.1021/jf203736e

Cited by 40 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(41 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…For this reason, thiols such as dithiothreitol (DTT) are also added to the extraction buffer to capture formaldehyde (De Brouwer et al, 2008; Strandler et al, 2015). Lyophilization of samples can be used to express the folate content per dry-weight but does not have a positive effect on folate stabilization (Stea et al, 2007; Goyer and Sweek, 2011; Van Daele et al, 2014). For an extensive review of factors affecting the stability and interconversion of folates, the publication by Strandler et al is recommended (Strandler et al, 2015).…”

Section: Quantitative Analysis Of Folates In Plant Samples a Prerequmentioning

confidence: 99%

Folates in Plants: Research Advances and Progress in Crop Biofortification

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Folates, also known as B9 vitamins, serve as donors and acceptors in one-carbon (C1) transfer reactions. The latter are involved in synthesis of many important biomolecules, such as amino acids, nucleic acids and vitamin B5. Folates also play a central role in the methyl cycle that provides one-carbon groups for methylation reactions. The important functions fulfilled by folates make them essential in all living organisms. Plants, being able to synthesize folates de novo, serve as an excellent dietary source of folates for animals that lack the respective biosynthetic pathway. Unfortunately, the most important staple crops such as rice, potato and maize are rather poor sources of folates. Insufficient folate consumption is known to cause severe developmental disorders in humans. Two approaches are employed to fight folate deficiency: pharmacological supplementation in the form of folate pills and biofortification of staple crops. As the former approach is considered rather costly for the major part of the world population, biofortification of staple crops is viewed as a decent alternative in the struggle against folate deficiency. Therefore, strategies, challenges and recent progress of folate enhancement in plants will be addressed in this review. Apart from the ever-growing need for the enhancement of nutritional quality of crops, the world population faces climate change catastrophes or environmental stresses, such as elevated temperatures, drought, salinity that severely affect growth and productivity of crops. Due to immense diversity of their biochemical functions, folates take part in virtually every aspect of plant physiology. Any disturbance to the plant folate metabolism leads to severe growth inhibition and, as a consequence, to a lower productivity. Whereas today's knowledge of folate biochemistry can be considered very profound, evidence on the physiological roles of folates in plants only starts to emerge. In the current review we will discuss the implication of folates in various aspects of plant physiology and development.

show abstract

Section: Quantitative Analysis Of Folates In Plant Samples a Prerequmentioning

confidence: 99%

Folates in Plants: Research Advances and Progress in Crop Biofortification

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Recently, Goyer and Sweek (2011) have reported on the identification of wild potato species and primitive cultivars that accumulate high amounts of thiamin compared to a modern potato variety (Russet Burbank). They propose to integrate these materials into breeding programs in order to enhance the nutritional value of potato.…”

Section: Examining How Straightforward It Will Be To Induce the Pyrimmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining strategies to facilitate vitamin B1 biofortification of plants by genetic engineering

Pourcel¹,

Moulin²,

Fitzpatrick³

2013

Front. Plant Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Thiamin (vitamin B1) is made by plants and microorganisms but is an essential micronutrient in the human diet. All organisms require it as a cofactor in its form as thiamin pyrophosphate (TPP) for the activity of key enzymes of central metabolism. In humans, deficiency is widespread particularly in populations where polished rice is a major component of the diet. Considerable progress has been made on the elucidation of the biosynthesis pathway within the last few years enabling concrete strategies for biofortification purposes to be devised, with a particular focus here on genetic engineering. Furthermore, the vitamin has been shown to play a role in both abiotic and biotic stress responses. The precursors for de novo biosynthesis of thiamin differ between microorganisms and plants. Bacteria use intermediates derived from purine and isoprenoid biosynthesis, whereas the pathway in yeast involves the use of compounds from the vitamin B3 and B6 groups. Plants on the other hand use a combination of the bacterial and yeast pathways and there is subcellular partitioning of the biosynthesis steps. Specifically, thiamin biosynthesis occurs in the chloroplast of plants through the separate formation of the pyrimidine and thiazole moieties, which are then coupled to form thiamin monophosphate (TMP). Phosphorylation of thiamin to form TPP occurs in the cytosol. Therefore, thiamin (or TMP) must be exported from the chloroplast to the cytosol for the latter step to be executed. The regulation of biosynthesis is mediated through riboswitches, where binding of the product TPP to the pre-mRNA of a biosynthetic gene modulates expression. Here we examine and hypothesize on genetic engineering approaches attempting to increase the thiamin content employing knowledge gained with the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. We will discuss the regulatory steps that need to be taken into consideration and can be used a prerequisite for devising such strategies in crop plants.

show abstract

“…Folate concentrations vary according to plant species [30], genotypes within species [31,32], organs [33], developmental stages [33,34], as well as environmental conditions [31]. Exploring folate diversity in various potato species to identify genotypes that are good sources of high folate traits is the first step toward nutritional improvement, or biofortification, of potato using breeding.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Exploring folate diversity in various potato species to identify genotypes that are good sources of high folate traits is the first step toward nutritional improvement, or biofortification, of potato using breeding. Folate content in potato tubers can vary greatly, from below 500 ng g −1 dry weight to greater than 2500 ng g −1 dry weight [31,32,35]. However, very little is known about the regulatory mechanisms that control folate levels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression Levels of the γ-Glutamyl Hydrolase I Gene Predict Vitamin B9 Content in Potato Tubers

et al. 2019

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Biofortification of folates in staple crops is an important strategy to help eradicate human folate deficiencies. Folate biofortification using genetic engineering has shown great success in rice grain, tomato fruit, lettuce, and potato tuber. However, consumers’ skepticism, juridical hurdles, and lack of economic model have prevented the widespread adoption of nutritionally-enhanced genetically-engineered (GE) food crops. Meanwhile, little effort has been made to biofortify food crops with folate by breeding. Previously we reported >10-fold variation in folate content in potato genotypes. To facilitate breeding for enhanced folate content, we attempted to identify genes that control folate content in potato tuber. For this, we analyzed the expression of folate biosynthesis and salvage genes in low- and high-folate potato genotypes. First, RNA-Seq analysis showed that, amongst all folate biosynthesis and salvage genes analyzed, only one gene, which encodes γ-glutamyl hydrolase 1 (GGH1), was consistently expressed at higher levels in high- compared to low-folate segregants of a Solanum boliviense Dunal accession. Second, quantitative PCR showed that GGH1 transcript levels were higher in high- compared to low-folate segregants for seven out of eight pairs of folate segregants analyzed. These results suggest that GGH1 gene expression is an indicator of folate content in potato tubers.

show abstract

Genetic Diversity of Thiamin and Folate in Primitive Cultivated and Wild Potato (Solanum) Species

Cited by 40 publications

References 26 publications

Folates in Plants: Research Advances and Progress in Crop Biofortification

Folates in Plants: Research Advances and Progress in Crop Biofortification

Examining strategies to facilitate vitamin B1 biofortification of plants by genetic engineering

Expression Levels of the γ-Glutamyl Hydrolase I Gene Predict Vitamin B9 Content in Potato Tubers

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About