Genetic Diversity of Simmental Cattle Lines by Polymorphic Blood Group Systems

Abstract

Marking the cattle populations by individual genes and gene complexes createsnew opportunities for the development of selection when genetic methods aim to prevent the decrease of the populations’ gene variability. The article reveals the studies of the genetic structure of the Simmental cattle population, PAT breeding facility "Chervoniy Veleten" for erythrocyte antigens of 9 genetic systems (A, B, C, F, J, L, M, S, Z); linear affiliation of animals was taken into account. Animal erythrocyte antigens were determined by hemolysis reaction using monospecific sera - reagents. It is established that the spectrum of certain antigens is specific for Simmental cattle. The high frequency of antigenic factors G2, T2, E3/, G/, I/, O/, Q/, B// (q = 0,364 - 0,636) let us identify allele markers inherent in Simmental cattle: BGKE/G/O/Q/, BGKE/O/, BGO/, G2O2Y2, as well as OQ/, OI/Q/, TV /P/. The analysis of the of the most numerous factory lines (Neolit, Lavra, Zorkiy, Biser, Lascar) was carried out. It was shown that the markers of the Neolit line can be considered as the alleles: BOI'Q'(q = 0.2931) and BOTG`K` (q = 0.2392), Lavra - BBIA`K` (q = 0.1863) and BO` (q = 0.2500), Zorkiy - ВBGO` (q = 0.1325) and Вb, Biser - ВOI`Q` (q = 0.2246) and BG/ (q = 0.1920), Lascara - ВBGKE`GÒ `Q` (q = 0.1405) and BO` (q = 0.2735). It was found, that alleles EAB, which are more common for Laurel and Lascar lines (Kv=32.04%) are marked by the most similarities in the alleles of the EAB - blood group system, the highest values of the difference coefficient are characteristic of the Neolit - Lascar and Neolit - Laurel lines (55.66% and 54.86% respectively), the most differentiated was the Neolit line (Kv ser. = 49.48%, dser. = 0.332). Detection of interlinear differences in related groups of Simmental cattle allows preliminary prediction, correction and plan the animal selection for factory mating.