Genetic Diversity of Provitamin A Cassava in Uganda

Esuma, Williams; Rubaihayo, Patrick; Pariyo, Anthony; Kawuki, Robert; Wanjala, Bramwel W.; Nzuki, Inosters; Harvey, Jagger; Baguma, Yona

doi:10.5539/jps.v1n1p60

Cited by 32 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…A negative correlation was observed between TCC and DMC in this study indicating that the deeper the flesh colour (high TCC) the lower the dry matter. This is common to most Africa and Indian yellow fleshed cassava germplasm (Vimala et al 2008;Akinwale et al 2010;Esuma et al 2012). This challenge can be solved through screening of available accessions with yellow fleshed roots in Africa, and possibly, by introduction of improved high-carotenoids content germplasm from South America.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Parent-offspring regression analysis for total carotenoids and some agronomic traits in cassava

et al. 2015

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Six cassava cultivars, three yellow and three white-fleshed roots were crossed in a 3 9 3 topcross mating design to generate nine F 1 populations. One thousand, one hundred and ten botanical seeds from the 9 populations were sown in pots and maintained for 42 days in a screenhouse. The emerged seedlings were transplanted to the field in April, 2010 alongside their parents (from stem cuttings), family by family. Four hundred and sixty-four progenies survived and were harvested. Both field and laboratory data were used to evaluate total carotene content (TCC), dry matter content (DMC), storage fresh root yield (SFRY) and other root quality traits. Seed germination for different populations ranged between 15.5 and 80.9 % with a mean of 43.19 %. Phenotypic variation in DMC, TCC, SFRY, biomass, root number, harvest index and cassava mosaic disease (CMD) were recorded in all the families. Average values for the populations were TCC: 4.59 lg g -1 , DMC, 33.58 % and SFRY, 18.42 t ha -1 . Narrow sense heritability by midparent-offspring regression analysis and genetic gains were estimated for TCC, DMC, SFRY and reaction to CMD. TCC, DMC and CMD gave high heritability estimates of 0.73, 0.83 and 0.84, respectively. SFRY, on the other hand, had a low heritability estimate (0.15). TCC was negatively correlated with DMC across all evaluation stages and locations. There were very high levels of variation in the segregating F 1 progenies for all the traits. Also, narrow sense heritability estimate showed that genetic factors played a more important role than environmental factors for TCC, DMC and CMD, suggesting that reliable selection with simple recurrent phenotypic selection would be rewarding.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Parent-offspring regression analysis for total carotenoids and some agronomic traits in cassava

et al. 2015

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“…Molecular markers ranging from microsatellite (SSR) to single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP), identifying regions in the genome responsible for carotenoids content have been reported as well [34,[66][67][68][69][70]. It would be expected that some of the QTLs identified in these studies are related to the PSY gene.…”

Section: Inheritance Of Carotenoids Content In Cassava Rootsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carotenoids in Cassava Roots

Ceballos¹,

Davrieux²,

Talsma³

et al. 2017

Carotenoids

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Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) is a preventable tragedy that affects millions of people, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. A large proportion of these people rely on diets based on cassava as a source of calories. During the last two decades, significant efforts have been made to identify sources of germplasm with high pro-vitamin A carotenoids (pVAC) and then use them to develop cultivars with a nutritional goal of 15 μg g −1 of β-carotene (fresh weight basis) and good agronomic performance. The protocols for sampling roots and quantifying carotenoids have been improved. Recently, NIR predictions began to be used. Retention of carotenoids after different root processing methods has been measured. Bioavailability studies suggest high conversion rates. Genetic modification has also been achieved with mixed results. Carotenogenesis genes have been characterized and their activity in roots measured.

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“…Thus, an early and important step is the evaluation of new genetic resources of cassava, defining the most promising accessions to be used by plant breeders. Previous studies in cassava accessions revealed that there is enough genetic variability to be exploited in breeding programs (ESUMA et al, 2012;KIZITO et al, 2007;KAWUKI et al, 2013;TURYAGYENDA et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-hierarchical clustering ofManihot esculentaCrantz germplasm based on quantitative traits

Oliveira

Aud

Morales

et al. 2016

Revista Ciência Agronômica

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-The knowledge of the phenotypic variation of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) germplasm allows the estimative of the genetic variability to support the selection of contrasting genitors. Therefore, the aim of this work was to define homogeneous groups of cassava germplasm based on yield traits, disease resistance and root quality using K-means as a nonhierarchical method. Breeding values estimated by Best Linear Unbiased Predictor (BLUP) were used for the cluster analysis. The number of groups was defined according to the stabilization of the smallest within-group sum of squares. Seventeen clusters were defined to represent the diversity of the germplasm, whose number of accessions ranged from 7 (Group 15) to 69 (Group 9). In general, accessions belonging to Groups 1, 4, 7, 12, 15 and 16 showed good agronomic traits, such as high fresh root yield and starch yield (> 60.7 t ha -1 and 18.6 t ha -1 , respectively). In contrast, only Group 15 presented low bacterial blight severity. The groups obtained showed strong differences, as evidenced by the within-groups sums of squares values, which ranged from 215.1 (Group 15) to 2,338.3 (Group 8). The K-means algorithm allowed the formation of consistent groups based on yield traits, disease resistance and root quality. Therefore, the K-means algorithm was efficient in the formation of groups with low within genotypic variation, especially concerning large amounts of data, such as in cassava germplasm banks.

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Genetic Diversity of Provitamin A Cassava in Uganda

Cited by 32 publications

References 19 publications

Parent-offspring regression analysis for total carotenoids and some agronomic traits in cassava

Parent-offspring regression analysis for total carotenoids and some agronomic traits in cassava

Carotenoids in Cassava Roots

Non-hierarchical clustering ofManihot esculentaCrantz germplasm based on quantitative traits

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