Genetic Diversity of Norovirus Infections, Coinfections, and Undernutrition in Children From Brazilian Semiarid Region

Gondim, Rafhaella D G; Pankov, Rafaela Chemello; Prata, Mara M. G.; Medeiros, Pedro Hqs; Veras, Herlice N.; Santos, Ana K. S.; Magalhães, Lyvia M C; Havt, Alexandre; Fumian, Túlio Machado; Miagostovich, Marize Pereira; Leite, José Paulo Gagliardi; Lima, Aldo Ângelo Moreira

doi:10.1097/mpg.0000000000002085

Cited by 7 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 44 publications

(60 reference statements)

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“…This finding corroborates reports from previously published literature from the MAL-ED birth cohort study, which showed that norovirus GII exhibited a higher attribution burden for diarrhea in the first 2 years of life, compared to norovirus GI [ 8 ]; thus indicating that the prevalence of norovirus GII is indeed greater than that of norovirus GI. A cross-sectional study conducted among young Brazilian children with community acquired diarrhea also reported lower detection of norovirus GI in comparison to norovirus GII, although was not considered in this study [ 12 ]. Moreover, a significant negative association between the viral loads with LAZ and WAZ was found, but this study did not have a longitudinal design and had monthly follow-ups for the assessment of the burden of multiple enteropathogens including norovirus GI and norovirus GII as well as for the subclinical carriage of norovirus [ 12 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…A cross-sectional study conducted among young Brazilian children with community acquired diarrhea also reported lower detection of norovirus GI in comparison to norovirus GII, although was not considered in this study [ 12 ]. Moreover, a significant negative association between the viral loads with LAZ and WAZ was found, but this study did not have a longitudinal design and had monthly follow-ups for the assessment of the burden of multiple enteropathogens including norovirus GI and norovirus GII as well as for the subclinical carriage of norovirus [ 12 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Human noroviruses have a single-stranded RNA-genome and exhibit a high genetic diversity, with at least 49 known genotypes [ 10 ]. Predominantly, norovirus genogroup I (GI) and norovirus genogroup II (GII) are responsible for the majority of non-bacterial cases of gastroenteritis among all age groups [ 11 , 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Risk Factors for Norovirus Infections and Their Association with Childhood Growth: Findings from a Multi-Country Birth Cohort Study

Palit

Das

Haque

et al. 2022

Viruses

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The prevalence of norovirus infections in different geographical locations and their attribution to childhood diarrhea is well established. However, there are no reports showing possible relationships of different norovirus genogroups with subsequent childhood malnutrition. In this study, we attempted to establish a potential association between asymptomatic norovirus infections with childhood growth faltering during. Non-diarrheal stools were collected from 1715 children enrolled in locations in a multi-county birth cohort study across eight different geographical locations and were assessed for norovirus genogroup I (GI) and norovirus genogroup II (GII). Asymptomatic norovirus GI infections were negatively associated with monthly length-for-age Z score/LAZ (β = −0.53, 95% CI: −0.73, −0.50) and weight-for-age Z score/WAZ (β = −0.39, 95% CI: −0.49, −0.28), respectively. The burden of asymptomatic norovirus GI infections was negatively associated with LAZ (β = −0.46, 95% CI: −0.67, −0.41) and WAZ (β = −0.66, 95% CI: −0.86, −0.53) at 2 years of age, whilst the burden of asymptomatic norovirus GII infections was negatively associated with WAZ (β = −0.27, 95% CI: −0.45, −0.25) at 2 years of age. Our findings warrant acceleration in attempts to develop vaccines against norovirus GI and norovirus GII, with the aim of minimizing the long-term sequelae on childhood growth.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Risk Factors for Norovirus Infections and Their Association with Childhood Growth: Findings from a Multi-Country Birth Cohort Study

Palit

Das

Haque

et al. 2022

Viruses

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“…Brazil has a continental area with a variety of climatic patterns and population conditions that might reflect distinct patterns of viral circulation and genetic diversity. Regional restricted studies have demonstrated the impact of norovirus in Brazil [ 21 , 22 , 23 ]; however, there is still a gap regarding the burden of AGE caused by norovirus covering different regions and states country-wide. Continuous nationwide surveillance of norovirus-related AGE represents an important tool to understand the epidemiology and disease burden.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virological and Epidemiological Features of Norovirus Infections in Brazil, 2017–2018

Sarmento

Andrade

Miagostovich

et al. 2021

Viruses

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Noroviruses are considered an important cause of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) across all age groups. Here, we investigated the incidence of norovirus, genotypes circulation, and norovirus shedding in AGE stool samples from outpatients in Brazil. During a two-year period, 1546 AGE stool samples from ten Brazilian states were analyzed by RT-qPCR to detect and quantify GI and GII noroviruses. Positive samples were genotyped by dual sequencing using the ORF1/2 junction region. Overall, we detected norovirus in 32.1% of samples, with a massive predominance of GII viruses (89.1%). We also observed a significant difference between the median viral load of norovirus GI (3.4×105 GC/g of stool) and GII (1.9×107 GC/g). The most affected age group was children aged between 6 and 24 m old, and norovirus infection was detected throughout the year without marked seasonality. Phylogenetic analysis of partial RdRp and VP1 regions identified six and 11 genotype combinations of GI and GII, respectively. GII.4 Sydney[P16] was by far the predominant genotype (47.6%), followed by GII.2[P16], GII.4 Sydney[P31], and GII.6[P7]. We detected, for the first time in Brazil, the intergenogroup recombinant genotype GIX.1[GII.P15]. Our study contributes to the knowledge of norovirus genotypes circulation at the national level, reinforcing the importance of molecular surveillance programs for future vaccine designs.

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“…Based on the polymerase region, the most frequent genotypes were GII.P7 and GII.P16, while based on the capsid region, the main genotypes were GII.3, GII.14, and GII.4 New Orleans_2009. However, when both regions were analyzed, the authors observed a high frequency of recombinant strains classified as GII.P16-GII.3, GII.P7-GII.14, and GII.P7-GII, of which GII.P16-GII.3 had the highest prevalence [26].…”

Section: Northeast Regionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Norovirus Genotypic Variability in Brazil

Nascimento¹,

Duarte²,

Clissa³

et al. 2021

Norovirus

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Norovirus (NoV) has been recognized as the most common etiological agent of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in various epidemiological settings worldwide. The virus displays a high genetic diversity that can be classified into genogroups, genotypes, and recombinant strains. Only genogroups I, II, and IV have been found to infect humans. Variants of genogroup II genotype 4 are the most widely circulating strains and have been responsible for all NoV outbreaks globally since the mid-1990s. Several studies from different Brazilian regions have been conducted to detect and genetically characterize NoV from sporadic AGE cases and outbreaks. In this chapter, we have summarized the data that focused on the genetic variabilities of NoVs and thus highlight the value of a surveillance system in assessing not only the true burden of the disease, but also the detection and characterization of emerging novel variants.

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Genetic Diversity of Norovirus Infections, Coinfections, and Undernutrition in Children From Brazilian Semiarid Region

Abstract: This study highlights the genetic variability of NoV and, associated co-infections and undernutrition in infants from low-income Brazilian semiarid region.

Cited by 7 publications

References 44 publications

Risk Factors for Norovirus Infections and Their Association with Childhood Growth: Findings from a Multi-Country Birth Cohort Study

Risk Factors for Norovirus Infections and Their Association with Childhood Growth: Findings from a Multi-Country Birth Cohort Study

Virological and Epidemiological Features of Norovirus Infections in Brazil, 2017–2018

Norovirus Genotypic Variability in Brazil

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