Genetic Diversity of Potato virus Y in Potato Production Areas in Northeast China

Abstract

In 2011–2014, ELISA or nucleic acid spot hybridization (NASH) testing for common potato viruses or Potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) was performed on 500 leaf samples collected in potato fields in the northeast provinces Heilongjiang and Inner Mongolia, China. The results revealed that 38.4% (Heilongjiang) and 27.7% (Inner Mongolia) were positive for Potato virus Y (PVY). To unveil the strain composition and population structure of PVY in the region, the multiplex RT-PCR described by Chikh-Ali et al. was performed on all of the ELISA-PVY-positive samples. Of the 158 samples whose PVY strain scenarios could be determined, PVYNTN-NW-SYR-II and PVYN-Wi were the most abundant strains, occurring in 58.9 and 47.5% samples, followed by PVYNTN-NW-SYR-I (31.0%), PVYN:O (19.6%), Eu-PVYNTN (7.6%), NA-PVYN (1.3%), and PVYO (0.6%). In the 84 single-strain-infected samples, PVYN-Wi accounted for 41.7%, PVYNTN-NW-SYR-II for 40.5%, PVYNTN-NW-SYR-I for 14.3%, and PVYN:O and Eu-PVYNTN for 3.6% each. Seven isolates representing PVYNTN-NW-SYR-I (HLJ-6-1 and HLJ-9-4), PVYNTN-NW-SYR-II (INM-W-369-12 and SC-1-1-2), PVYN:O (HLJ-30-2), and PVYN-Wi (HLJ-BDH-2 and HLJ-C-429) were sequenced and analyzed molecularly. Whereas the sequence identities for isolates belonging to the same strain group were >98.5%, they fell for isolates belonging to different strain groups to 92.7–98.1% at the genome level and 96.1–98.4% at the polyprotein level. Interestingly, the exact location of the recombination events varied among isolates within a strain group. Phylogenetic analysis of all 42 full length PVY sequences from China indicated that most clustered to various recombinant groups, despite the fact that the PVY isolates were isolated from at least five host species. Pathological analysis of four isolates representing PVYN:O, PVYN-Wi, PVYNTN-NW-SYR-I, and PVYNTN-NW-SYR-II revealed that the PVYNTN-NW-SYR-II isolate incited the most severe symptoms on potato cultivar Kexin 13, followed by PVYNTN-NW-SYR-I, PVYN:O and PVYN-Wi. The PVYNTN-NW-SYR-I and PVYNTN-NW-SYR-II isolates also caused necrotic ringspots on the tubers of Kexin 13, indicating their ability to induce the potato tuber necrotic ringspot disease in potato.

The evolutionary history and global spatio-temporal dynamics of potato virus Y

“…Possibly owing to a fitness advantage over nonrecombinants, the recombinant strains now dominate in various regions of the world ( Green et al. 2017 ; Green, Brown, and Karasev 2018 ; Bai et al. 2019 ).…”

Molecular Evolutionary Analysis of Potato Virus Y Infecting Potato Based on the VPg Gene

“…It has become one of the most prevalent viruses of potato and tobacco productions worldwide (Karasev and Gray, 2013; Quenouille et al, 2013). PVY exists as different strain groups, including the conventional PVY O and PVY N strains and the newly emerged recombinant strains such as European (Eu)-PVY NTN , PVY N:O , PVY N–Wi , and PVY NTN–NW (Karasev and Gray, 2013; Bai et al, 2019). The classic strains (i.e., PVY O and PVY N ) are defined according to their reactions in potato cultivars bearing different N genes and in common tobacco (Singh et al, 2008).…”

“…As one of the top 10 most famous plant viruses (Scholthof et al, 2011), some aspects of the plant pathology, molecular biology and population genetics of PVY have been studied intensively (Lorenzen et al, 2006; Chikh-Ali et al, 2013; Kim et al, 2016; Gao et al, 2017; Bai et al, 2019). However, few studies have focused on the evolutionary dynamics and timescale of PVY.…”

Occurrence and distribution of viruses infecting potato in Russia

“…2014, 2016; Bai et al . 2019) and were the predominant strains in the Middle East (Bai et al . 2019).…”

“…2019) and were the predominant strains in the Middle East (Bai et al . 2019). PVY 261‐4 is reported only from Germany (Schubert et al .…”