Genetic diversity of<i>Plasmodium</i><i>falciparum</i>in Bolifamba, on the slopes of Mount Cameroon: influence of MSP1 allelic variants on symptomatic malaria and anaemia

Anong, Damian Nota; Nkuo‐Akenji, Theresa; Fru-Cho, Jerome; Amambua-Ngwa, Alfred; Titanji, Vincent P. K.

doi:10.1179/136485910x12607012373876

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Several studies have made it increasingly evident that parasite alleles considered important to erythrocyte invasion vary in malaria infection outcomes (symptomatic or asymptomatic) [22–25]. Asymptomatic carriage of parasites has been shown to be associated with reduced risk of symptomatic malaria [26, 27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics in multiplicity of Plasmodium falciparum infection among children with asymptomatic malaria in central Ghana

et al. 2017

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BackgroundThe determinants of malaria parasite virulence is not entirely known, but the outcome of malaria infection (asymptomatic or symptomatic) has been associated with carriage of distinct parasite genotypes. Alleles considered important for erythrocyte invasion and selected as candidate targets for malaria vaccine development are increasingly being shown to have distinct characteristics in infection outcomes. Any unique/distinct patterns or alleles linked to infection outcome should be reproducible for a given malaria-cohort regardless of location, time or intervention. This study compared merozoite surface protein 2 (MSP2) genotypes from children with asymptomatic malaria at same geographical location, from two time periods.ResultsAs the prevalence and incidence of malaria (measured for other studies) significantly reduced between 2004 (time point one) and 2009 (time point two), MSP2 multiplicity of infections (MOI) also reduced significantly from 2.3 at time point (TP) one to 1.9 at TP two. IC/3D7 genotypes out-numbered FC27 genotypes at both time points. At TP2 however, FC27 allele diversity was more than the IC/3D7 allele diversity. A decrease in the IC/3D7:FC27 genotype proportions from 2:1 at TP1 to 1:1 at TP2, seemed to be driven mainly by a decrease in carriage of IC/3D7 alleles. MOI was higher in the dry season than in the subsequent wet season, but the decrease was not significant at TP2.ConclusionMSP2 MOI was higher in the dry season than in the subsequent wet season, while the carriage of IC/3D7 alleles decreased over this time period. It may be that decreases in transmission are related specifically to the IC/3D7 allelic family. The influence of transmission on MSP2 allele diversity needs to be clearly deciphered in studies which should include the use of sensitive methods for the detection of polymorphic parasite markers for both symptomatic and asymptomatic malaria. Such studies will enable better understanding of associations between allelic variants, MOI, transmission, malaria infection and disease.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics in multiplicity of Plasmodium falciparum infection among children with asymptomatic malaria in central Ghana

et al. 2017

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“…Polymorphism in msp-1 and msp-2 has been reported in several parts of world including in Central Africa [13-15]. However, there is limited data on the genetic diversity among P. falciparum populations from the Republic of Congo.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic polymorphism of merozoite surface protein-1 and merozoite surface protein-2 in Plasmodium falciparum isolates from Brazzaville, Republic of Congo

Mayengue

Ndounga²,

Malonga

et al. 2011

Malar J

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BackgroundThe characterization of malaria parasite populations circulating in an area is part of site characterization, as a basis for evaluating the impact of malaria interventions on genetic diversity, parasite species, and multiplicity of infection. The present study was aimed at analysing genetic diversity of Plasmodium falciparum merozoite surface proteins 1 and 2 (MSP-1 and MSP-2) and to determine the multiplicity of infection in clinical isolates collected from children living in the Southern district of Brazzaville in the Republic of Congo.MethodsA total of 125 isolates from patients with uncomplicated malaria attending Terinkyo and Madibou health centres were collected between January and June 2005 while evaluating the therapeutic efficacy of amodiaquine-artesunate combination. DNA was extracted and msp-1 and msp-2 genes were genotyped using allele-specific nested-PCR.ResultsOut of 468 distinct fragments detected, 15 msp-1 and 20 msp-2 genotypes were identified. For the msp-1 gene, K1 family was the predominant allelic type carried alone or in association with RO33 and Mad20 types, whereas the 3D7 family was the most prevalent in the msp-2 gene. Overall, the mean multiplicity of infection was 2.2. Out of 125 samples, 104 (83%) harboured more than one parasite genotype. There was no statistical significant difference in the multiplicity of infection by either sex or age of patients. However, a statistically significant correlation was found between parasite densities and the number of genotypes.ConclusionPolymorphism in P. falciparum clinical isolates from Brazzaville was high and mainly of multiple clones. The basis for the positive association between parasite densities and multiplicity of infection is discussed.

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“…Genus and species-specific nested PCR assays based on the 18S SSU rRNA gene were used to detect and identify Plasmodium species as previously reported [16,17]. A total of 213 samples were randomly selected and confirmed for the presence of Plasmodium falciparum species by microscopy.…”

Section: Plasmodium Speciation By Speciesspecific Npcrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Polymorphisms of Pfcrt K76T and Pfmdr1 N86Y among Asymptomatic School Children in Forest Communities of Ekondo Titi Subdivision along the Cameroon-Nigeria Border Area

Tientche

Fru-Cho

Anong

et al. 2019

IJTDH

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Aims: The study sought to quantify Plasmodium infection and molecular markers for chloroquine resistance among asymptomatic school children. Study Design: The study was cross-sectional. Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out in Ekondo Titi Subdivision near Cameroon's south-western border with Nigeria from March to May and from September to October 2014. Methodology: The prevalence of human Plasmodium species was determined by nested PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) using DNA from dried blood spot in six primary schools. A PCR/RFLP analysis (Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism) was used to determine the prevalence of chloroquine resistance (CQR) associated pfcrt 76T and pfmdr 1 56Y point mutations in Plasmodium falciparum asymptomatic school children. Results: A nested PCR amplifying the 18S small-subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) gene of Plasmodium in 205 samples confirmed 76.1% of the isolates as asymptomatic P. falciparum infections, with a substantial proportion 22% of P. malariae infection. Among these, 3.6% were single P. malariae infections and 15.1% were P. falciparum and P. malariae mixed infections. Mixed P. falciparum and P. ovale infections were 2.0%. Of the 156 Plasmodium falciparum, positive samples by species-specific PCR, 107 samples with P. falciparum mono-infection were analyzed for the presence of drug resistant alleles pfcrt 76T and pfmdr1- Y 86. The prevalence of pfcrt 76T mutation (74.6%) was higher than that of the pfmdr1-Y86 mutation (25.4%). Logistic regression analysis of socio-demographic factors predicted no significant association between pfcrt 76T mutation with gender and communities. Conclusions: The results indicated a high prevalence of P. malariae and mixed infection in the area under study. The high-level distribution of the pfcrtT76 observed in the study could be possibly attributed to the fact that CQ remained widely used at the community level more than 14 years after withdrawal.

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Genetic diversity ofPlasmodiumfalciparumin Bolifamba, on the slopes of Mount Cameroon: influence of MSP1 allelic variants on symptomatic malaria and anaemia

Cited by 15 publications

References 16 publications

Dynamics in multiplicity of Plasmodium falciparum infection among children with asymptomatic malaria in central Ghana

Dynamics in multiplicity of Plasmodium falciparum infection among children with asymptomatic malaria in central Ghana

Genetic polymorphism of merozoite surface protein-1 and merozoite surface protein-2 in Plasmodium falciparum isolates from Brazzaville, Republic of Congo

Genetic Polymorphisms of Pfcrt K76T and Pfmdr1 N86Y among Asymptomatic School Children in Forest Communities of Ekondo Titi Subdivision along the Cameroon-Nigeria Border Area

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